Ingabe nawe ukhohlwa izinto? Mhlawumbe lokhu 'yi-MCI' (Ukukhubazeka Okuncane Kokuqonda)!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uyakhohlwa izinto ezincane? Cabanga ngento obukhuluma ngayo nomngane wakho, noma umhlangano obalulekile ozoba nawo kusasa. Ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ubheke izinto ezifana nokuthi izihluthulelo zakho zikuphi, ukuthi izibuko zakho zikuphi, akunjalo? Kuvamile ukuba nalezi zinkumbulo ezincane njengoba ukhula. Kodwa, ingabe wena noma othile oseduze nawe wake wazizwa sengathi lezi zinkumbulo ziningi kakhulu, nokuthi ziyaphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke? Uma kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqaphele lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi 'Ukukhubazeka Okuncane Kokuqonda' (MCI), esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla.

Kuyini 'Ukukhubazeka Okuncane Kokuqonda' (MCI)?

Kalula nje, 'Ukukhubazeka Okuncane Kokuqonda' (MCI) yisimo lapho unokwehla kwezinga elithile kokuqonda, noma ukukhubazeka okuncane , uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye abaneminyaka yakho. Kodwa lokhu kubonakala kuphela . Lawa makhono okuqonda yilawa:

• Inkumbulo: Ikhono lokukhumbula izinto.
• Ukucabangela Nokwahlulela: Ikhono lokubuka into ngemibono ehlukene, ukukhetha phakathi kokulungile nokungalungile, nokwenza izinqumo.
• Ukuhlela nokwenza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi: Ikhono lokuhlela umsebenzi ngendlela ehlelekile nokuwenza kahle.

Ungase uqaphele lolu shintsho wena ngokwakho, noma ilungu lomndeni noma umngane angase alubone. Into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zinguquko azinzima kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho evamile yansuku zonke . Okusho ukuthi, usengenza izinto ezifana nokugeza, ukudla, nokuzigqokisa.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinguquko zenkumbulo ezihlobene nobudala kanye ne-MCI?

Kungokwemvelo ngathi sonke ukuzwa izinguquko ezincane endleleni ubuchopho bethu obusebenza ngayo njengoba sikhula. Cabanga ngezinto ezinjengokuthatha isikhathi eside ukufunda okuthile okusha, noma ukwenza izinto kancane kancane.

Kodwa-ke, lezi zinguquko ezincane ezenzeka njengoba ukhula azithinti ukusebenza kwakho konke noma ikhono lakho lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke . Ukuguga okuvamile akuthinti kakhulu izinto ezifana nokuqaphela, ukuhlakanipha, noma inkumbulo yesikhathi eside.

Kodwa-ke, uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65, ungase ukhohlwe amagama, amagama, noma izindawo ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa-ke, uma une-MCI, ungase uqale ukukhohlwa izingxoxo oye waba nazo nabanye kanye nezinto ovame ukuzikhumbula (isibonelo, isikhathi owenze ngaso i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela noma usuku lokuzalwa lwelungu lomndeni). I-MCI ingathinta nemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ngezinga elithile.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-'Dementia' kanye ne-'MCI'?

Kokubili igama elithi 'Dementia' kanye nelithi 'MCI' empeleni zingamagama achazayo. Abhekisela ezingeni lapho amakhono engqondo omuntu ashintshe khona kanye nendlela athinta ngayo imisebenzi yansuku zonke .

Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi ku-MCI, izinguquko emakhonweni engqondo aziphazamisi kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke.Kodwa ku-'Dementia', amakhono engqondo ayaphazamiseka kangangokuthi abakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke . Enye into ukuthi abantu abane-'MCI' ababi nezinguquko ezinkulu zobuntu njengalabo abane-'Dementia'.

I-dementia ukwehla okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwengqondo okunamandla ngokwanele ukuphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke. Umuntu onesifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo angaba nezimpawu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu kwezilandelayo:

• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
• Ukwehla kwekhono lokucabanga
• Izinkinga zolimi (ubunzima bokukhuluma, ukuqonda)
• Ubunzima bokuxhumanisa izingxenye zomzimba
• Izinguquko zesimo sengqondo
• Izinguquko zokuziphatha

Kungaba nezimbangela ezahlukahlukene eziyisisekelo ze-'MCI' noma 'Dementia'.

Ingabe i-'MCI' ihlala iphenduka 'i-Dementia'?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Abanye abantu abane-MCI bangase bagcine benesifo sokuwohloka komqondo. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abantu abanjalo . Kwezinye izimo zokuwohloka komqondo, i-MCI ingaba uphawu lokuqala lwalesi sifo. Izimo zokuwohloka komqondo yizifo ezithinta ubuchopho futhi ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi isifo i-Alzheimer's kanye nesifo i-Parkinson's.

Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abane-MCI babuyela emazingeni ajwayelekile ngokweminyaka yabo, noma isimo sabo sihlala sizinzile, okusho ukuthi asibi sibi kakhulu.

Ivame kangakanani i-MCI?

Ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Neurology, lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi "Mild Cognitive Impairment" (MCI), sibonakala emaqenjini ahlukene eminyaka kanje:

• Cishe abantu abangu-8% abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-65 no-69.
• Cishe abantu abayi-15% abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-75 no-79.
• Cishe abantu abangu-25% abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-80 no-84.
• Cishe abantu abangu-37% abaneminyaka engu-85 noma ngaphezulu.

Lezi zibalo zibonisa ukuthi amathuba okuba nalesi simo ayanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-'MCI'?

Isici esiyinhloko 'sokukhubazeka kokuqonda okuncane' (MCI) ukwehla kwamakhono engqondo. Ezinye izibonelo zalokhu yilezi:

• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo: Ungase ukhohlwe izehlakalo zakamuva. Ungase uphindaphinde imibuzo efanayo nezindaba ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ungase ukhohlwe ngezinye izikhathi amagama abangani nomndeni, ama-aphoyintimenti kadokotela, kanye nezinhlelo. Ungase ukhohlwe nokuthi izinto zikuphi kaningi.
• Izinkinga zolimi: Ungase ube nobunzima bokuthola amagama aqondile owadingayo. Ungase ube nobunzima bokuqonda okubhaliwe noma okushiwo othile njengangaphambili.
• Ukunakwa:Ukunaka kwakho kungashintsha ngokushesha, futhi ungaphazamiseka kalula kunangaphambili.
• Ukucabangela nokwahlulela: Ukuxazulula inkinga nokwenza isinqumo kungaba nzima.
• Ukuhlela okuyinkimbinkimbi: Ukuhlela nokufeza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi, njengokukhokha izikweletu, ukuphuza imithi ngesikhathi, ukuya esitolo, ukulima ingadi, ukwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya, nokushayela imoto, kungaba nzima kakhulu kunangaphambili.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubunzima bokuhamba nezinkinga nomuzwa wokuhogela nazo zitholakale zihlotshaniswa ne-MCI.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-'MCI'?

Ukukhubazeka Kokuqonda Okuncane (i-MCI) kungaba nezimbangela eziningi. Ezinye izimbangela zingelashwa, kanti ezinye azikwazi.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezingaba khona:

• Ukucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka okungapheli, kanye nokukhathazeka.
• Izinkinga ze-thyroid, izinso, noma isibindi.
• I-sleep apnea nezinye izifo ezihlobene nokulala.
• Izimo ezithinta ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni: Isibonelo, izimila zobuchopho, amahlule egazi, isifo sohlangothi, noma ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin B12 noma okunye ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo.
• Izifo: Isibonelo, izifo zomgudu womchamo (UTI).
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi ethile: Isibonelo, imithi efana nama-calcium channel blockers, imithi yokulwa ne-cholinergic, kanye ne-benzodiazepines.
• Inkinga yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa kanye nenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala.

I-MCI ivame ukuba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo esiwohlokayo ohlelweni lwezinzwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-MCI ingaba ukuqala kwezifo ezifana nalezi:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• `Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo komzimba kaLewy`
• I-dementia yemithambo yegazi
• I-Frontotemporal Dementia

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-'MCI'?

Izici eziyinhloko eziyingozi zokukhubazeka kwengqondo okuncane (i-MCI) ziyafana nalezo ze-dementia. Yilezi:

• Ukuba neminyaka engu-65 noma ngaphezulu.
• Uma othile emndenini enesifo sokuwohloka komqondo (ithonya lofuzo).
• Ukuba nezimo ezandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo: isibonelo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol, isifo sikashukela kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile.

Uthola kanjani ukuthi une-'MCI'?

Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuhlonza ngokunembile ukukhubazeka kokuqonda okuncane (i-MCI), njengoba kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwezifo eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye zezimpawu ze-MCI zivamile kwezinye izifo eziningi.

Udokotela wakho uzokwenza lezi zinto:

• Ngibuza ngezimpawu zakho .
• Buza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha (izifo zangaphambilini, imithi oyisebenzisile).
• Bheka imithi oyiphuzayo njengamanje .
• Buza ukuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho onezinkinga ezinkulu zokukhumbula noma i-dementia .
• Kuzohlolwa umzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kwesimo sengqondo .
• Buza ilungu lomndeni noma umngane omethembayo ngezinguquko ekusebenzeni kwengqondo yakho .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukwenza izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu: Udokotela wakho angase ahlole igazi noma umchamo ukuze ahlole ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala. Angase ahlole namazinga e-hormone yakho ye-thyroid kanye nokuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12. Ngezinye izikhathi, angase enze nokuhlolwa koketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (umgogodla) ukuze ahlole izimo zokuzivikela komzimba kanye nezifo ze-neurodegenerative.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana nokuskena kwe-computed tomography (CT) kanye nokuskena kwe-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola umonakalo wobuchopho, njengokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, ukopha, isimila, noma ukwakheka koketshezi ebuchosheni.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-neuropsychological: Lokhu kuwuchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezikhulunywayo nezibhalwayo ezilinganisa ubuhlakani bakho obujwayelekile, ukusetshenziswa kolimi, inkumbulo, kanye nekhono lokufunda.

Odokotela bezinzwa kanye nodokotela bezifo zasebekhulile bangasiza ekuxilongeni ukukhubazeka kokuqonda okuncane (i-MCI).

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-'MCI'?

Ukwelashwa kwe-MCI kuncike embangela eyinhloko (uma imbangela ingatholakala). Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimo ze-MCI ezibangelwa izifo eziwohlokayo zemizwa azikwazi ukuguqulwa. Kodwa-ke, uma izinguquko zakho zengqondo zibangelwa ukutheleleka, izinkinga zokulala, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa, noma imiphumela emibi yemithi, udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa oluhambisana nezidingo zakho.

I-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ayikakavumeli noma yimiphi imithi yokwelapha ngqo i-Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Kodwa-ke, izindlela ezingezona izidakamizwaKunezinhlelo zokwelapha ezingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwengqondo (`ukuqonda`). Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngembangela ye-`MCI`. Abacwaningi banethemba lokuthi imithi esetshenziselwa 'isifo se-Alzheimer' izosiza ne-`MCI`. Okwamanje bayakufunda lokhu.

Abacwaningi bayaqhubeka nokufunda izinketho zokwelapha ze-MCI. Ungase ukwazi ukujoyina isivivinyo somtholampilo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinketho zakho.

Ingabe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-'MCI' kungavinjelwa?

Akuzona zonke izimo ze-MCI ezingavinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze ugcine ubuchopho bakho buphilile futhi unciphise ingozi yakho yokuthola i-MCI . Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukugwema noma ukuyeka ukubhema.
• Ukugwema ukusebenzisa utshwala noma ukubusebenzisa ngokulinganisela.
• Ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Ukugcina umfutho wegazi onempilo, amazinga e-cholesterol, kanye namazinga kashukela egazini.
• Ukunciphisa nokulawula ukucindezeleka.
• Ukuthola ubuthongo obuhle.
• Ukuzivocavoca ubuchopho: Izinto ezifana nokuxazulula amaphazili, ukufunda izincwadi, nokufunda izinto ezintsha.
• Ukuzibandakanya emisebenzini yomphakathi.
• Ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze aphathe izifo zakho ezingamahlalakhona.

Khumbula, nakuba ukwenza lezi zinto kungase kungavimbeli ukuthuthukiswa kwe-MCI ngokuphelele, kungasiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni ingozi.

Liyini ikusasa lomuntu one-'MCI'? (I-Outlook)

Isibikezelo noma umbono womuntu onenkinga yokukhubazeka kwengqondo okuncane (i-MCI) kuyahlukahluka kuye ngembangela kanye nezinye izici eziningana. Abacwaningi basafunda kabanzi ngalesi simo.

Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-15% abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 abane-MCI baba ne-dementia zingakapheli iminyaka emibili betholakale bene-MCI . Futhi, phakathi kuka-14% no-38% wabantu abane-MCI baphinde bavuselele izinga labo lokusebenza kwengqondo elijwayelekile .

Izinga umuntu one-MCI aqala ngalo ukuba sesimweni esibi livame ukuncika embangela eyinhloko. Abacwaningi bayaqhubeka nokufunda ngezinguquko zengqondo nezokwelapha kubantu abane-MCI. Banethemba lokuthi ngolunye usuku bazokwazi ukubikezela kangcono ukuthi ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola izinhlobo ezithile ze-dementia, nokuthi izothuthuka ngokushesha kangakanani.

Uma ngine-'MCI', ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma utholakale une-MCI, kuwumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma ngekusasa lakho nodokotela wakho nanoma ubani omethembayo.Le ngxoxo ibaluleke kakhulu uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi i-MCI yakho iyisigaba sokuqala sesifo se-neurodegenerative njenge-Alzheimer's. Le ngxoxo izosiza abanakekeli ukuba bafeze izifiso zakho uma ungakwazi ukuzenzela izinqumo esikhathini esizayo.

Ngaphezu kwaleyo ngxoxo, kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuthi izifiso zakho nezinqumo zakho zibhalwe phansi . Lokhu kusho ukudala amadokhumenti asemthethweni achaza lokho ofuna kwenzeke uma ungakwazi ukuzinakekela noma ukwenza izinqumo mayelana nokunakekelwa noma inhlalakahle yakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Ngenxa yokuthi i-MCI ingaba uphawu lokuqala lwesimo sezinzwa esibi kakhulu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela noma uchwepheshe njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12 . Lokhu kungahluka kuye ngohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho angaqapha izinguquko ememori yakho namakhono akho okucabanga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi aphakamise izinguquko empilweni yakho. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko, kungaba usizo nokugcina idayari yakho.

Uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha , xhumana nodokotela wakho.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela mayelana ne-MCI?

Uma utholakale une-Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), kungaba usizo ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Yini eyangenza ngaba ne-'MCI'?
• Yiziphi izinketho zokuphatha enginazo? (Okungukuthi, izinto engingazenza ukulawula lesi simo)
• Ingabe ngidinga ukubona uchwepheshe?
• Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngizibheke ukuze ngazi ukuthi i-MCI yami iya iba yimbi kakhulu?
• Ingabe ngizoba nesifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo?
• Ngingakwazi yini ukushayela imoto?
• Ingabe kudingeka ngiyeke ukwenza eminye imisebenzi?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngigcine ubuchopho bami buphilile?
• Ingabe kufanele ngitshele abanye ngokuxilongwa kwami?
• Ingabe akhona amaqembu okusekela endawo abantu abane-MCI abangahlanganyela kuwo?

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye nawo ekhaya

Ukuthola ukuthi unesifo sokukhubazeka kwengqondo esingesihle (i-MCI) kungaba yinto enzima kakhulu. Ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi nokukhathazeka ngokuthi ikusasa liphetheni. Kodwa khumbula, i-MCI ithinta wonke umuntu ngendlela ehlukile. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo oluqondene nesimo sakho futhi oluqondene nawe. Bakhona ukuphendula imibuzo yakho futhi bakusekele.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko, kunokuba ungazinaki. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokuphathwa okufanele kungasiza kakhulu ekulondolozeni izinga lempilo yakho. Awuwedwa, futhi ungesabi ukukhuluma ngalokhu nokucela usizo.

'Ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo, ukukhubazeka okuncane kokuqonda, i-MCI, impilo yobuchopho, ukuguga, i-dementia, i-Alzheimer's