Ingabe sekuphele isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka kusukela isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini sanyanga zonke saphela? Ingabe usazizwa ungakhululekile futhi unezinguquko emzimbeni wakho ngemva kokudlula ingqophamlando enkulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-menopause? Bese usesikhathini esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Postmenopause". Abesifazane abaningi abakhulumi kakhulu ngalokhu, kodwa lesi yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yethu. Ngakho-ke ungesabi, namuhla sizokhuluma ngalesi sikhathi, izinguquko ezenzeka phakathi naso, nokuthi ungahlala kanjani ujabule futhi uphilile.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-postmenopause?
I-Postmenopause yisikhathi esilandela ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, lesi yisikhathi lapho ukuya kwakho kwanyanga zonke kuqala khona futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-12 ezilandelanayo ungenazo izikhathi . Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ama-ovari akho ayayeka ukukhipha amaqanda (ukuvuthwa). Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikhono lakho lokuba nabantwana seliphelile.
Lokhu akusikho ukuphela kokuphila, kodwa kuyisiqalo esisha. Izimpawu ezazikukhathaza kakhulu ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, njengokushisa okukhulu kanye nokujuluka ebusuku, zingase zinciphe kancane kancane noma zinyamalale ngokuphelele phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Kodwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi, imizimba yethu inamazinga aphansi kakhulu e-hormone i-estrogen . Le hormone ibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni amathambo ethu eqinile. Ngakho-ke, uma i-estrogen yehla, ingozi ye-osteoporosis iyanda kancane.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini?
Uma usungene esikhathini sokuqeda ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, kuzohlala impilo yakho yonke. Amazinga ama-hormone azohlala ephansi, ukuya kwakho nyanga zonke ngeke kubuye, futhi ngeke usakwazi ukukhulelwa umntwana ngoba ngeke usakwazi ukukhiqiza amaqanda.
Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka cishe eminyakeni engu-52. Kodwa singahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Into ebalulekile akuyona iminyaka yakho, kodwa ukuthi sekuphele isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka kusukela isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini saphela.
Ingabe izimpawu zisengavela phakathi nalesi sikhathi?
Yebo, abantu abaningi bangase babe nezinye zezimpawu ezifanayo ababenazo ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, azibi namandla kangako. Konke lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amazinga e-hormone yokuzala emzimbeni wethu aphansi. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazimpawu nhlobo.
Kodwa bheka ukuthi unazo yini lezi zimpawu:
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukushisa okukhulu kanye nokujuluka ebusuku | Umuzwa osheshayo wokushisa okukhulu nokujuluka. Abanye abantu bangase babe nalokhu iminyaka eminingi. |
| Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nobuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi | I-estrogen ephansi ibangela ukuthi izicubu zesitho sangasese sowesifazane zibe zincane futhi zome, okungenza ucansi lube buhlungu. |
| Ukucindezeleka kanye nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo | Ukuzizwa udabuke, ukhathazekile, futhi ukhathazekile. Lokhu kungabangelwa kokubili izinguquko zamahomoni kanye nezinguquko zempilo. |
| Isifiso sobulili esiphansi | Izinguquko zama-hormone kanye nokoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kunganciphisa isifiso socansi. |
| Ukungalali | Izinto ezinjengokuba nenkinga yokulala ebusuku nokuvuka phakathi nesikhathi zingase zenzeke. |
| Isikhumba esomile, ukulahleka kwezinwele | Lezi zinto zingenzeka ngoba ukwehla kwe-estrogen kuthinta umswakama wesikhumba nokukhula kwezinwele. |
| Ukushintsha kwesisindo somzimba | I-metabolism yomzimba iyehla, okubangela ukukhuluphala. |
| Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo | Umchamo omncane uyavuza ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele uma ukhwehlela, uhleka, noma uphakamisa into esindayo. |
Uma lezi zimpawu zinkulu ngokwanele ukuthi ziphazamise impilo yakho yansuku zonke, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zalezi zimpawu.
Kungenzeka yini ukuba nokopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi sokuphela kokuya esikhathini?
Lutho neze. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi sokuphela kokuya esikhathini akuvamile . Ngezinye izikhathi, ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kungabangela ukuba kuvele ibala elincane legazi ngemva kocansi. Kodwa-ke, uma ukopha nganoma iyiphi enye indlela, kungaba uphawu lokuqina kolwelwesi lwesibeletho (i-endometrial hyperplasia), i-uterine fibroids, ukutheleleka (i-endometritis), noma umdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe unegazi elincane, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela.
Izingozi zempilo okufanele uziqaphele ngesikhathi sokuqeda ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini
Njengoba i-hormone i-estrogen, eyayiyisivikelo sethu, incipha, ingozi yokuthola izifo ezithile iyanda kancane phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Akukho okufanele sikwesabe, njengoba singazivikela kuzo ngokuqaphela lokhu.
1. Ukuncipha kwamathambo (i-Osteoporosis)
Ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, ubuningi bamathambo buyehla ngokushesha ngenxa yokwehla kwe-estrogen. Ubuningi bamathambo bungancipha cishe ngo-1% - 2% ngonyaka. Lapho amathambo eba mancane kakhulu, ngisho nokuwa okuncane kwandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka.
- Yini engenziwa?
- Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-calcium: Faka ubisi, ushizi, iyogathi, inhlanzi encane enamagobolondo (i-salyo, i-halibut), imifino eluhlaza njengespinashi, i-kale, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuqinisiwe ekudleni kwakho.
- I-Vitamin D: I-Vitamin D ibalulekile emzimbeni ukuze umunce i-calcium. I-Vitamin D itholakala ngokuchayeka elangeni ekuseni. Uma kudingeka, ungathatha futhi isithasiselo se-vitamin D ngeseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Izinto ezifana nokuzivocavoca kokuphakamisa izinsimbi nokuhamba ngokushesha kuqinisa amathambo.
- Ukuhlolwa Kobuningi Bamathambo: Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa ukuze kulinganiswe ubukhulu bamathambo akho, uma kudingeka.
2. Isifo senhliziyo
Ngaphambi kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, i-hormone i-estrogen isiza ekuvikeleni inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi yethu. Kodwa njengoba lokho kuvikelwa kuncipha ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, ingozi yokuthola izifo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi iyanda. Futhi, njengoba abantu abaningi bengasebenzi kahle ngokomzimba ngalesi sikhathi, amathuba okuthola i-cholesterol ephezulu kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu nawo aphezulu.
- Yini engenziwa?
- Ukudla okunempilo: Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, usawoti kanye noshukela. Yidla imifino eminingi, izithelo, ubhontshisi, okusanhlamvu okuphelele kanye nenhlanzi.
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo: Yenza okuthile okufana nokuhamba noma ukubhukuda okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu enhliziyweni.
- Phatha izifo ezingamahlalakhona:Uma unezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma i-cholesterol, zilawule kahle ngokweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
3. Izinkinga zomchamo kanye nesistimu yokuzala (i-genitourinary syndrome of menopause)
Nakuba leli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, limane libhekisela ezinkingeni zesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nesistimu yomchamo ezibangelwa ukwehla kwe-estrogen.
- Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane: Izicubu ziba zincane, zome, futhi zingase zilume futhi zivuvuke. Lokhu kungenza ucansi lube buhlungu.
- Izinkinga zesistimu yomchamo: Njengoba izicubu zesinye kanye ne-urethra ziba buthaka, ungase ubhekane nokutheleleka njalo kwemigudu yomchamo futhi ube nobunzima bokulawula umchamo wakho.
- Yini engenziwa?
- Ungasebenzisa amafutha okugcoba esithweni sangasese sowesifazane kanye nama-moisturizer atholakala emakethe.
- Uma lezi zinkinga ziqhubeka, udokotela wakho angase ancome okhilimu abasebenzisa i-estrogen noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
I-Postmenopause kanye nempilo yengqondo
Lesi sikhathi singaba yinselele kokubili ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
- Izinto ezifana nokukhathazeka, intukuthelo, nokucindezeleka zingase zenzeke.
- Ungase uzizwe udabukile ngokuthi isikhathi owakwazi ngaso ukuba nabantwana sesiphelile.
- Umuzwa wokuguga ungaba yinto ecindezelayo.
Le mizwa ivamile. Awuwedwa. Ukukhuluma ngalokhu nomngane omethembayo noma ilungu lomndeni kungaba usizo kakhulu. Noma, ukukhuluma nomeluleki noma udokotela wezifo zengqondo kungakunika amandla amaningi okubhekana nalesi sigaba esisha sempilo.
Ukwelashwa kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ukuze kulawulwe izimpawu
Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuphatha ukungakhululeki okuvela phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha
Kuye ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angase ancome izindlela zokwelapha ezifana nalezi:
- Ukwelashwa Ngama-Hormone (HT): Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu yezimpawu eziningi. Kuhilela ukufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone antulayo ngama-hormone avela ngaphandle komzimba. Kodwa-ke, kunezingozi ezithile (isib. amahlule egazi, umdlavuza webele), ngakho udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma ukuthi lokhu kulungile yini kuwe ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezempilo.
- Ama-antidepressant: Ezinye izinhlobo zama-antidepressant zingasiza ekulawuleni ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo kanye nokushisa okukhulu.
- Okhilimu besitho sangasese sowesifazane: Okhilimu abaqukethe i-estrogen bangasetshenziswa ukwelapha ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nobuhlungu.
- Eminye imithi: Imithi efana neGabapentin ne-Oxybutynin ngezinye izikhathi inikezwa ukulawula ukushisa.
Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
Ngaphandle kwemithi, kunezinto eziningi ongayenza wena ngokwakho.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo: Izinto ezifana nokuhamba, i-yoga, nokuphakamisa izinsimbi ziqinisa amathambo nemisipha. Ziphinde zibe zinhle empilweni yengqondo.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Yidla ukudla okunamafutha amancane, ushukela, nosawoti, futhi okucebile ngemifino, izithelo, namakhambi. Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Ukulawula isisindo somzimba wakho kungakuvikela ezifweni ezifana nesifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela.
- Hlala uxhumene nabantu: Hlangana nabangani, yenza isevisi yomphakathi, noma wenze into oyithandayo. Lokhu kuzokunikeza ukwesekwa kwengqondo okudingayo.
- Ukuzindla: Ukuzijwayeza into efana nokuzindla kuyasiza kakhulu ekuthuliseni ingqondo nasekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Kungenzeka yini ukukhulelwa ngesikhathi se-postmenopause?
Uma isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini sesime isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, cishe ngeke ukhulelwe ngoba awukhiphi amaqanda. Kodwa-ke, uma ungafuni abantwana kuze kube unyaka ngemva kokuba isikhathi sakho sesime, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokusebenzisa izithibela-nzalo.
Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap kufanele kwenziwe ngisho nangesikhathi sokuphela kokuya esikhathini?
Yebo, impela. Akuyona into enhle ukuyeka ukuhlolwa kwabesifazane ngoba nje uyeke ukuya esikhathini. Kufanele uqhubeke nokwenza ama-Pap smears, ama-mammogram, kanye nokunye ukuhlolwa kwezempilo kwaminyaka yonke njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho.
Ingabe umzimba wami uzobuyela endleleni owawuyiyo ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini?
Cha, umzimba wakho ngeke ubuyele endleleni owawuyiyo ngaphambi kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Kodwa-ke, kwabaningi, izimpawu ezicasulayo ezifana nokushisa okukhulu, ukujuluka, nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo kuzophela futhi uzoqala ukuzizwa ukhululekile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye, lezi zimpawu zingase ziqhubeke iminyaka eminingi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Postmenopause yisigaba sempilo yakho esiqala ngemva kokuyeka ukuya esikhathini izinyanga ezingu-12 zilandelana.
- Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ingozi ye-osteoporosis nesifo senhliziyo iyanda ngenxa yamazinga aphansi e-estrogen.
- Ukopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi sokuphela kokuya esikhathini akuvamile. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Ukudla okunempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, kanye nokugcina isisindo esinempilo kubaluleke kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo obhekene nakho. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalokhu.
- Lokhu akusikho ukuphela kokuphila, kodwa ithuba elisha lokunakekela impilo yakho kangcono futhi uphile ngenjabulo.
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