Ngezinye izikhathi sikhwehlela ulwelwesi olujiyile, akunjalo? Kunzima kakhulu ukulukhipha esifubeni sethu. Kuzwakala sengathi ucezu lwensini lunamathele esifubeni sethu. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu futhi kuyacasula kakhulu kubantu abanezifo zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona njenge-asthma kanye ne-COPD. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo olukhethekile lomuthi olusiza ukukhulula ulwelwesi olujiyile, olunamathelayo futhi lwenze kube lula ukulukhwehlela. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ama-Mucolytics.
Kalula nje, iyini le Mucolytic?
I-mucolytic uhlobo lomuthi olusiza ekuqhekekeni, ekukhululeni, nasekunciphiseni ulwelwesi olujiyile emaphashini akho ukuze lukwazi ukukhishwa kalula. Cabanga ngakho njengokufaka amanzi amancane kujeli elijiyile bese ulincibilikisa.
Nakuba lezi ngokuvamile zisesigabeni esifanayo nezidakamizwa zokukhipha amaphaphu, zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile kancane kunezidakamizwa zokukhipha amaphaphu esizisebenzisayo ngomkhuhlane ovamile. Sizoxoxa ngalokho kamuva. Okwamanje, khumbula ukuthi izidakamizwa zokukhipha amaphaphu ziwuhlobo lomuthi onikezwa ukususa amaphaphu aminyene, ikakhulukazi ezifweni zamaphaphu zesikhathi eside.
Yiziphi izifo ezisetshenziswa yilo muthi?
Odokotela bavame ukuncoma lolu hlobo lomuthi we-mucolytic ezimweni zomucu obukhulu obubangelwa izifo zamaphaphu zesikhathi eside (ezingapheli). Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo lezi.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Cystic Fibrosis | Lesi yisifo esibangelwa ufuzo. Uketshezi olukhiqizwa emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi emaphashini, luba lujiyile futhi lunamathele. |
| I-Bronchiectasis | Ngenxa yokuthi izindlela zokuphefumula emaphashini zivuleka unomphela futhi zonakele, i-mucus ingaqongelela kalula futhi ibangele izifo. |
| I-COPD (Isifo Esingapheli Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu) | Isifo samaphaphu esivamile, esihlala isikhathi eside esivame ukuhlasela ababhemayo. Sibangela ubunzima bokuphefumula kanye noketshezi olujiyile. |
| Isifuba somoya | Ezinye iziguli ze-asthma nazo zingaba noketshezi olujiyile. Kodwa odokotela bayaqaphela kakhulu lapho benikeza lo muthi. |
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Kulula kakhulu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-mucus emaphashini omuntu ophilile ukuwavikela ngokubamba uthuli namagciwane emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo. Lo mucus ube ususunduzelwa emphinjeni yizinhlaka ezincane ezifana nezinwele (cilia) emaphashini, bese kuthi uma sikhwehlela, uphume.
Kodwa i-mucus eyakheka emaphashini omuntu onezifo esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni ijiyile kakhulu futhi inamathela. Ngakho-ke, ayinakukhishelwa ngaphandle kalula. Amagciwane angabanjwa kalula kule mucus ejiyile, futhi amathuba okuthola izifo nawo aphezulu.
Yilapho-ke imithi yokubulala amagciwane isisiza khona. Le mithi iphula izibopho zamakhemikhali (ama-molecule) ezenza ulwelwesi lube lukhulu. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ulwelwesi lube luncane futhi lube uketshezi oluningi, okwenza kube lula ukukhwehlela.
Izinhlobo Zemithi Yokulwa Nezifo Zomlomo Nendlela Yokuyithatha
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithi ye-mucolytic:
1. I-Acetylcysteine (NAC) : Lolu uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kokukhulula amafinyila, luphinde lube nezakhiwo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antioxidant. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ukuthi lusetshenziswa njengomuthi wokudlula ngokweqile kwe-paracetamol.
2. I-Dornase alfa : Lona umuthi onikezwa ngqo iziguli ezine-cystic fibrosis.
Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuthatha lo muthi:
- I-Nebulizer: Lona umshini omncane. Uma ufaka umuthi owuketshezi kuwo, uwuguqula ube yinkungu encane. Ungabe usuphefumula inkungu ngemaski. Lena indlela ephumelela kakhulu ngoba umuthi ungena ngqo emaphashini akho.
- Ngokufakwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV): Kwezinye izimo, umuthi unikezwa njengomjovo emthanjeni.
- Amaphilisi: Angagwinywa futhi njengamaphilisi.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi noma izingozi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo ungaba nemiphumela emibi emincane, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma une -asthma , kufanele uqaphele kakhulu lapho uthatha i-Acetylcysteine.Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi izindlela zomoya zingaba nzima nakakhulu (i-bronchospasm). Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ukuthi une-asthma. Uzokunikeza imithi efanele.
Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:
- Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
- Ubuhlungu besisu (i-Diarrhea)
- Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- Ukushintsha noma ukulahleka kwezwi
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea)
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu , khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Futhi, abantu abaningi bathi i-Acetylcysteine inephunga elimnandi kancane nelingathandeki. Akuyona into enkulu, kodwa kuhle ukukwazi.
I-Mucolytic ne-Expectorant: Uyini umehluko?
Yilapho abantu abaningi bedideka khona. Ama-syrup anciphisa i-phlegm (isib. lawo aqukethe i-Guaifenesin) esiwathenga ekhemisi ngenxa yomkhuhlane ovamile kanye nokukhwehlela abizwa ngokuthi ama-Expectorants. Kodwa ama-Mucolytics ahlukile.
| Ingxenye | Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha | I-Expectorant |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusebenza kahle | Iphula ama-molecule e-mucus aminyene bese iwakhulula. | Ukufaka amanzi ku-mucus kuyayinciphisa futhi kwenza kube lula ukuphuma. |
| Izimo zokusetshenziswa | Kwezifo zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona njenge-Cystic Fibrosis kanye ne-COPD. | Ngezifo zesikhashana ezifana nomkhuhlane ovamile kanye nomkhuhlane. |
| Ukuthola | Kudingeka incwadi kadokotela kadokotela. | Ingathengwa ekhemisi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela (ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela). |
Ngakho-ke uma ukhwehlela okuvamile okune-phlegm, i-expectorant ingafaneleka. Kodwa uma une-phlegm ejiyile ngenxa yesifo sokuphefumula sesikhathi eside, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uyayidinga yini i-mucolytic.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Mucolytic uhlobo olukhethekile lomuthi olunikezwa ukukhulula ulwelwesi olujiyile nolunamathelayo olubangelwa izifo zamaphaphu zesikhathi eside.
- Lezi zihlukile kuma-expectorant esiwasebenzisayo uma sinomkhuhlane ovamile.
- Lo muthi ngokuvamile kufanele uthathwe kuphela ngokunconywa ngudokotela .
- Uma unezinye izimo, njenge-asthma, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngakho ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi engavamile ngenkathi uthatha umuthi noma unemibuzo mayelana nomuthi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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