Kwenzekani esibhedlela ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane yakho encane? (Ukunakekelwa Kwezingane Ezisanda Kuzalwa)

Usuku oluhle kakhulu noluyigugu empilweni yakho selufikile. Intombazanyana noma umfana usezandleni zakho. Injabulo oyizwayo ngalesi sikhathi ayinakuvezwa ngamazwi, akunjalo? Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona ukwesaba okuncane nokukhathazeka ekhoneni elilodwa lenhliziyo yakho. Imibuzo efana nokuthi "Kuzokwenzekani manje?", "Ingabe ingane iphilile?", "Bazokwenzenjani esibhedlela?" cishe idlula ekhanda lakho. Lokhu kuvamile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokho okwenzeka esibhedlela ngemva kokuba ingane yakho encane ifike kuleli zwe, ngendlela elula kakhulu, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Izinto ezenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana

Ngemva kokubeletha, abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazoqala ukunakekela ingane yakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Lesi yisikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu.

Okokuqala, benza lezi zinto:

• Yomisa kahle ingane: Ingane ibilokhu ifudumele esibelethweni sikanina isikhathi eside. Uma isiphumile, izinga lokushisa lendawo liyashintsha. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukomisa ingane ngokushesha futhi uyigcine ifudumele.
• Ukuhlanza umgudu womoya: Ikhala nomlomo wengane kusulwa ngokucophelela amafinyila kusetshenziswa ipayipi elincane noma indwangu. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukusiza ingane ukuba iphefumule kangcono ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.
• Ukugoqa ngendwangu efudumele: Ngemva kokusula nokuhlanza ingane, mgoqe kahle ngendwangu efudumele nehlanzekile.

Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela wezingane noma umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe uzofika ahlole impilo yengane ngokushesha. Uma ingane inalezi zimpawu, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo ngokuvamile akudingeki:

• Uma ukukhulelwa sekuqediwe futhi umntwana esezelwe (amasonto angu-37 eseqediwe).
• Uma kukhona ukusebenza kahle kwemisipha (uma izingalo nemilenze kuhamba kahle).
• Uma kungekho bunzima bokuphefumula.
• Uma isikolo se-Apgar sisezingeni eligculisayo.

Uma konke lokhu kuhlelekile, ungayibamba ngokushesha ingane yakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuthintana kwesikhumba nesikhumba, noma i-Kangaroo Care . Izinzuzo zalokhu ziningi.

• Kusiza umntwana ukuba ajwayele indawo entsha ngemva kokuphuma esibelethweni.
• Isibopho phakathi kukamama nomntwana siba namandla kakhulu.
• Lokhu kusiza futhi ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kobisi lukamama.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubelethe ingane yakho ngesikhathi sokubeletha okuvamile noma ngokuhlinzwa, ungacela lokhu kuxhumana kwesikhumba nesikhumba ngokushesha okukhulu.

Iyini i-Apgar Score?

Ngomzuzu owodwa nemizuzu emihlanu ngemva kokuzalwa, udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-Apgar. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulula okunikeza umbono osheshayo ngempilo yomntwana. Izinto ezi-5 ezibhekwayo kulula kakhulu ukuzikhumbula. Kuvela egameni elithi APGAR.

Indawo ngayinye yalezi zindawo inikezwa amaphuzu angu-0, 1, noma 2. Bese kubalwa wonke amaphuzu angu-5. Kusukela kumaphuzu aphelele (angu-10 aphezulu), odokotela banquma ukuthi hlobo luni lokunakwa ingane oludingayo ngaleso sikhathi. Amaphuzu angu-7 noma ngaphezulu asho ukuthi ingane isesimweni esihle kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki uma amaphuzu ephansi. Kusho ukuthi odokotela kudingeka benze okuthile, njengokunikeza ingane usizo lokuphefumula.

Ukwelashwa okubalulekile okunikezwa izingane esibhedlela

Ukuze kuvikelwe ingane ezifweni, kunikezwa izindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezibalulekile ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa.

Amaconsi eso

Uma umntwana ezalwa, amabhaktheriya ahlukahlukene angangena emehlweni njengoba edlula emgudwini wokuzalwa. Lokhu kungabangela ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamehlo, ngezinye izikhathi kubangele ngisho nokulahlekelwa umbono. Ukuvimbela lokhu, amaconsi noma amafutha okugcoba asetshenziswa emehlweni engane.

Umjovo we-Vitamin K

Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa zinamazinga aphansi kakhulu e-vitamin K emizimbeni yazo. I-Vitamin K ibalulekile ekuqineni kwegazi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu (ukopha) okungenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-vitamin K, zonke izingane zinikwa umjovo we-vitamin K ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Uma lokhu kuphuma kwegazi kwenzeka ebuchosheni, kungabangela ukulimala kobuchopho unomphela. Yingakho lo mjovo ubaluleke kangaka.

Ukugoma izingane ezisanda kuzalwa

Uhlelo lokugoma ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yomntwana luqala ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa.

• Umuthi wokugomela i-Hepatitis B: Lokhu kuvikela ingane egciwaneni le-hepatitis B. Leli gciwane lingabangela isifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umama noma ubaba unalesi sifo noma cha, ingane ingasithola ngezinye izindlela, ngakho-ke i-World Health Organization itusa ukuthi zonke izingane zinikezwe lo muthi lapho zizalwa. Lo muthi wokugomela onemithamo emithathu. Owokuqala unikezwa lapho zizalwa, kanti eminye emibili inikezwa ngaphambi kokuba ingane ibe nonyaka owodwa ubudala.
• Umuthi wokugomela i-RSV: Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase ancome i-antibody ye-monoclonal ebizwa ngokuthi i-Nirsevimab ukuvikela ingane yakho egciwaneni lokuphefumula elihambisana nokuxhumana (RSV) . Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze:
• Uma umntwana ezalwa ngesikhathi lapho igciwane le-RSV livame khona (ngokuvamile ngesikhathi semvula eSri Lanka).
• Uma umama engazange athole umuthi wokugomela i-RSV ofanele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ukuhlolwa Kwezinsana Okuvamile

Kunezimo eziningana ezingabonakali lapho kuzalwa, kodwa zingelashwa futhi zelapheke kalula uma zitholakala kusenesikhathi. Ukuze kutholakale lezi, ingane ngayinye inikezwa uchungechunge lokuhlolwa. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuthatha iconsi elincane legazi esithendeni somntwana .

Ezinye zezimo zezokwelapha eziyinhloko ezihlolwe ngaleli sampula legazi yilezi:

• I-Phenylketonuria (PKU)
• I-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa
• Isifo se-sickle cell
• I-cystic fibrosis
• Ezinye izifo ze-metabolic (amaphutha azalwa nawo e-metabolism)

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa ezinye izivivinyo eziningana:

• Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa: Ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga zokukhuluma nezolimi esikhathini esizayo, ukuzwa komntwana kuyahlolwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pulse Oximeter: Idivayisi encane efana ne-clip ibekwa emunweni wengane ukuze kulinganiswe izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni ukuba khona kwesifo senhliziyo esibucayi sokuzalwa (i-CCHD), isimo esingavamile okungaba nzima ukusithola.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-jaundice:Izinga le-bilirubin egazini lomntwana liyahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi liphakeme yini. Izingane eziningi ziba phuzi kancane esikhumbeni, kodwa lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale ukuthi lisezingeni eliyingozi yini.

Ezinye izinto ezenzekayo ngenkathi usesibhedlela

Ngaphandle kokubukeka kahle ezingutsheni ezincane ozipakishe kahle esikhwameni sakho sasesibhedlela, ingane yakho izobhekana nezinye izinto ezimbalwa.

Ukondla

Ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, usana lwakho ludinga ukunceliswa njalo. Uma uncelisa, abasebenzi bazolandela ukuthi uncelisa isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi kangaki. Uma uncelisa ubisi lwefomula, bazokwazi ukuthi unikeza ubisi olungakanani. Ungabi namahloni ngokufuna usizo kumeluleki wokuncelisa esibhedlela ozokunikeza iseluleko ngokuncelisa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumama wokuqala, umama wesibili, noma umama wesithathu, cishe uzofunda okuthile okusha.

Indlu Yokugeza Yokuqala

I-World Health Organization (WHO) itusa ukulinda okungenani amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokugeza umntwana. Esikhathini esidlule, izingane zazigezwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Kodwa ukulibazisa ukugeza:

• Kusiza ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa lomzimba wengane.
• Kuvimbela isikhumba ukuthi some.
• Kutholakale ukuthi lokhu kuthinta nempumelelo yokuncelisa.

Njengoba kuthatha isonto noma amabili ukuthi isiqu senkaba yomntwana some, kungcono ukuyigeza ngesiponji ukuze ingamanzi.

I-Meconium

Odokotela banaka kakhulu ukuthi ingane ikhipha isisu yini emahoreni okuqala angu-24-48 ngemva kokuzalwa. Lesi sihlalo sokuqala sibizwa ngokuthi i-meconium . Simnyama, sijiyile, futhi sinamathela . Sibuyela embala waso ophuzi ojwayelekile ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.

Ukusoka

Uma kuzalwa umntwana womfana, ngemvume yabazali, ukusoka kungenziwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kusukela ezelwe. Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ijwabu lepenisi ngokuhlinzwa. Ukuze kwenziwe lokhu, umntwana kumele ukuthi unikezwe umjovo we-vitamin K.

Uzobuya nini ekhaya usuka esibhedlela?

Ngokuvamile, umntwana ophilile angabuyela ekhaya ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona izinkinga kumama noma kumntwana, ukuhlala esibhedlela kungase kube isikhathi eside.

Ngisho noma ungase uphuthume ukuya ekhaya uyoqala impilo yakho entsha, odokotela bafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle ngaphambi kokukuthumela wena nomntwana wakho ekhaya. Bahlala bekhathalela izintshisekelo zakho nengane yakho. Ungesabi ukubabuza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi mincane kangakanani.