Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa 'ngoMhlengikazi Osebenza Ngochwepheshe' efilimini yakwamanye amazwe, ochungechungeni lwethelevishini, noma esihlotsheni esihlala kwamanye amazwe. Kodwa leli gama lisha kithi eSri Lanka. Ungubani lo muntu oza kuwe esibhedlela njengodokotela, akhulume nawe, akuhlole, futhi mhlawumbe akunikeze imithi? Ingabe lo udokotela? Noma umhlengikazi? Noma kokubili? Kungenzeka ukuthi nawe uke waba nale mibuzo. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi lo Mhlengikazi Osebenza Ngochwepheshe, noma u-NP ngamafuphi, ungubani.
Kalula nje, ubani lo Mhlengikazi Osebenza Ngezimo Eziphuthumayo (NP)?
Kalula nje, uMhlengikazi Osebenza Ngochwepheshe (NP) ngumuntu oneziqu ze-bachelor kwezobuhlengikazi, futhi othole imfundo eyengeziwe ye-postgraduate kanye nokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-NP inolwazi oluningi, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nolwazi kunoMhlengikazi Obhalisiwe Ojwayelekile (RN).
Lokhu kuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe kunikeza ama-NP amandla nekhono lokwenza izinto eziningi ezenziwa udokotela. Uma belapha iziguli, bagxila enhlalakahleni iyonke yesiguli, hhayi nje isifo. Lokho kusho ukuthi banaka kakhulu izinto ezifana nokuvimbela izifo, indlela yokuphila impilo enempilo, kanye nendlela yokuqonda nokweluleka ngokunembile ngezinkinga zakho zezempilo.
I-NP ingasebenza njengodokotela womndeni wakho (Umhlinzeki Wokunakekelwa Okuyinhloko), noma ingahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezikhethekile eqenjini elithile leziguli (isibonelo, izingane, asebekhulile, iziguli ezinomdlavuza).
Ungathola i-NP ezindaweni ezinjengalezi:
- Amahhovisi odokotela
- Imitholampilo
- Izibhedlela
- Iyunithi Yokwelapha Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU)
- Izindawo zokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo
- Izindlu zokunakekela abagugile
- Amanyuvesi namaKholeji
Ngezinye izikhathi lawa ma-NP abizwa nangokuthi "uMhlengikazi Obhalisiwe Oqeqeshiwe Osezingeni Eliphezulu - i-APRN". Ngakho-ke uma uzwa womabili la magama, khumbula ukuthi abhekisela kumuntu osezingeni elifanayo.
Yini eyenziwa yi-NP?
I-NP yenza izinto ezifanayo nezingenziwa ngumhlengikazi ojwayelekile, njengokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nokukunikeza imithi. Kodwa-ke, imisebenzi yabo idlula lokho. I-NP ngumuntu ohlinzeka ngokunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi okusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu.
Ngezinye izikhathi basebenza bodwa, kanti ngezinye izikhathi basebenza njengeqembu nodokotela. Ungathola umbono omuhle ngezindima zabo ngokubheka ithebula elingezansi.
| Imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-NP | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukurekhoda umlando wezokwelapha kanye nezimpawu | Sizolalela futhi sibhale amanothi ngobunzima bakho kanye nezifo zakho zangaphambilini. |
| Ukuhlolwa komzimba | Bakuhlola njengoba udokotela engakwenza. (isib. ukulalela isifuba sakho nge-stethoscope) |
| Uku-oda izivivinyo zokuxilongwa | Bazokudlulisela ku-X-ray kanye nokuhlolwa kwelebhu ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile yalesi sifo. |
| Ukuhlaziywa kombiko wokuhlolwa | Ngibheka imibiko yakho futhi ngiyaqonda ukuthi ithini. |
| Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa | Ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa, ukuxilongwa kuyanqunywa bese kunikezwa ukwelashwa. |
| Ukulungiselela izinhlelo zokwelapha | Bazokwakha uhlelo mayelana nokwelashwa, imithi, kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ozidingayo. |
| Bhala phansi | Emazweni amaningi, i-NP inamandla okunikeza imithi. |
| Ukudluliselwa kochwepheshe | Uma udinga ukwelashwa nguchwepheshe, sibhala izincwadi zokudlulisela lokho. |
| Ukunikeza iseluleko | Sizokweluleka ngokuthi ungahlala kanjani uphilile futhi ugweme ukugula. |
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-NP nodokotela?
Lokhu kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi. I-NP ayisiye udokotela. Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amazwe, njenge-United States, ama-NP avunyelwe ngokomthetho ukusebenza ngokuzimela njengabahlinzeki bokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, njengodokotela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi angabona futhi elaphe iziguli ngokwawo ngaphandle kokuqondiswa udokotela.
Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amazwe/izifundazwe, i-NP ayikwazi ukusebenza yodwa. Idinga imvume kadokotela lapho yenza izinqumo ezithile futhi ikhipha imithi.
Umehluko omkhulu usemfundweni nasekuqeqeshweni.
- Udokotela: Kumelwe aye esikoleni sezokwelapha futhi athole iziqu ze-postgraduate njenge-Doctor of Medicine (MD). Bathola ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe kune-NP.
- I-NP: Ngemva kweziqu zobunesi, bathola iziqu zobunesi (ze-Master's noma ze-Doctorate) kwezobuhlengikazi. Ukuqeqeshwa kwabo kugxile ekubuhlengikazini.
Ngamafuphi, i-NP ingumhlengikazi okhethekile othole ukuqeqeshwa nemfundo eningi kunomhlengikazi ojwayelekile futhi ogunyaziwe ukwenza izinto eziningi ezenziwa udokotela.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-NP kanye nomsizi kadokotela (PA)?
Lona omunye umsebenzi ofanayo. Izinsizakalo ezinikezwa yi-NP kanye nomsizi kadokotela (PA) zifana kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko omncane wefilosofi endleleni abasondela ngayo esigulini.
- Umsizi Wezokwelapha (PA): Baqeqeshwa ngendlela efanayo nodokotela, kodwa ngokwe "modeli yezokwelapha." Okusho ukuthi, ukugxila kwabo okuyinhloko kuhlonza, ukuhlola, kanye nokwelapha izifo .
- Umhlengikazi Osebenza Ngezimo Eziphuthumayo (NP): Baqeqeshwa ngokwendlela "yobuhlengikazi." Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukugxila kwabo okuyinhloko kusesigulini . Banakekela impilo yengqondo, engokomzimba, kanye nenhlalakahle yesiguli iyonke ngenkathi belapha ukugula.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-NP?
Yebo, impela. Njengoba nje odokotela begxile ezindaweni ezahlukene, ama-NP agxile emaqenjini eziguli noma ezindaweni zempilo ezahlukene. Nazi ezinye izibonelo.
| Indawo yobuchwepheshe be-NP | Lokho okwenzayo kulula. |
|---|---|
| I-NP Yengqondo | Ukwelapha abantu abanezinkinga zempilo yengqondo kanye nezinkinga zokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa. |
| I-NP Yomndeni | Izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwempilo zinikezwa impilo yonke yomndeni, kusukela ezinganeni ezincane kuya kwasebekhulile. |
| I-NP Yezingane | Belapha izingane kusukela ezinsaneni kuya kubantu abadala abasebasha, bezinikeza imijovo kanye nokuhlolwa okuvamile. |
| I-NP Yezingane Ezisanda Kuzalwa | Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ziyalashwa, ikakhulukazi lezo ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ezigulayo. |
| I-NP Ephuthumayo | Basebenza kumaYunithi Okwelapha Okuphuthumayo (ama-ETU). Banquma ukuthi ubani odinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo bese bebaphatha. |
| I-NP Yezempilo Yabesifazane | Sigxila ezindabeni zempilo yabesifazane, ikakhulukazi impilo yokuzala kanye neyezifo zabesifazane. |
| I-Oncology NP | Sisebenzisana nodokotela bezifo zomdlavuza ukwelapha nokunakekela iziguli ezinomdlavuza. |
Uba kanjani umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe?
Uhambo oluya ekubeni yi-NP luvame ukudinga iminyaka engaba ngu-6-8 yemfundo yezokwelapha nokuqeqeshwa. Akulula.
1.Okokuqala, udinga ukuba ngumhlengikazi obhalisiwe (RN): Lokhu kudinga idiploma yobuhlengikazi (ADN) noma i-bachelor's degree yobuhlengikazi (BSN). Abantu abaningi basebenza njenge-RN iminyaka eminingana futhi bathola ulwazi.
2. Okulandelayo, udinga ukuphishekela iziqu ze-postgraduate: Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubhalisa ohlelweni lwe-postgraduate. Lokhu kungaba iziqu ze-Master's in Nursing (MSN) noma i-Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP).
3. Ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe: Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sokufunda iziqu, bafunda ngokujulile ngensimu yabo yochwepheshe abayikhethile. Baphinde bathole ukuqeqeshwa okujulile kwezokwelapha (okuhlangenwe nakho kwezokwelapha). Isibonelo, bafunda izifundo ezijulile ezifana ne-`(Pathophysiology)` (izinguquko endleleni umzimba osebenza ngayo ngenxa yezifo) kanye ne-`(Pharmacology)` (imithi).
4. Ukuthola amalayisense nezitifiketi: Ngemva kokuqeda iziqu zakho, kufanele uthole ilayisensi kahulumeni ukuze usebenze njenge-NP. Kumelwe futhi uphumelele ukuhlolwa kwezitifiketi kuzwelonke.
Ngakho-ke uyabona manje ukuthi i-NP ngumuntu othole imfundo nokuqeqeshwa okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi odlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwezempilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umhlengikazi Oqeqeshiwe (NP) unguchwepheshe wezempilo othole imfundo ephakeme ye-postgraduate kanye nokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kunomhlengikazi ojwayelekile.
- Bangakwazi ukuxilonga izifo, bahlele ukwelashwa, futhi banikeze ngisho nemithi emazweni amaningi.
- Nakuba i-NP ingeyena udokotela, benza imisebenzi eminingi efanayo nodokotela. Indlela yabo ivame ukugxila enhlalakahleni iyonke yesiguli kunokuba igxile esifweni.
- Nakuba lesi simo singavamile eSri Lanka, i-NP ingumuntu ovamile futhi obalulekile kwezempilo emazweni angaphandle.
- Ngakho-ke kusukela manje kuqhubeke, uma uhlangana no-NP phesheya noma ku-movie, usuyazi ukuthi bangobani nokuthi indima yabo iyini.
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