Kusho ukuthini uma isitho emzimbeni wethu sehluleka? (Ukwehluleka Kwesitho) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Uma othile esitshela ukuthi "unezinkinga zezitho zomzimba," izinhliziyo zethu ziyashesha ukushaya ngamandla, akunjalo? Liyigama elesabekayo. Kodwa kubalulekile kithi sonke ukuqaphela ukuthi lisho ukuthini, kungani lenzeka, nokuthi yini engenziwa. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini ngempela ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba?

Kalula nje, ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba kwenzeka lapho esinye noma ngaphezulu kwezitho ezibalulekile zomzimba wakho ziyeka ukusebenza kahle. Lokhu kungenzeka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (lokho esikubiza ngokuthi ukwehluleka okungapheli ), noma kungenzeka ngokuzumayo (lokho esikubiza ngokuthi ukwehluleka okukhulu ).

Cabanga nje, sinezitho ezithile emzimbeni wethu ezibalulekile ukuze siphile. Lezi yizitho esizibiza ngokuthi izitho ezibalulekile . Lapho isitho esinjalo siqala ukwehluleka, sidinga usizo lwangaphandle ukuze senze umsebenzi okudingeka ukwenziwa yileso sitho. Ngezinye izikhathi ngosizo olunjalo, isitho singalulama. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi asilulami. Lapho ukwehluleka kwesitho kufinyelela esigabeni sokugcina, kungaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.

Yiziphi izitho ezibalulekile ezingase zihluleke?

Izitho eziningana ezibalulekile emzimbeni wethu zingase zingasebenzi kahle ngale ndlela.

Isibindi

Isibindi sakho siyisitho esimangalisayo. Senza imisebenzi eminingi. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlunga ubuthi egazini. Ukwehluleka kwesibindi kungenzeka ngokuzumayo noma kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izinso

Izinso yizo ezisusa ukungcola egazini lakho njengomchamo. Ziphinde zigcine uketshezi lomzimba kanye nama-electrolyte ebhalansile. Ukwehluleka kwezinso kungenzeka ngokuzumayo noma isikhathi eside. Ezweni lakithi, izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zilimaze izinso.

Inhliziyo

Inhliziyo yiyo epompa igazi elinomoya-mpilo emizimbeni yethu yonke. Lapho inhliziyo iqala ukuba buthaka, ithinta wonke umzimba. Ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo , ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kungancipha ngokuzumayo (ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu), noma kungancipha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okuhlanganisiwe).

Amaphaphu

Amaphaphu ayiyona ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lokuphefumula. Yiwona ahlinzeka nge-oxygen kuzo zonke izicubu zomzimba. Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula kungaba ngokuzumayo noma isikhathi eside.

Amathumbu amancane

Umathumbu omncane umunca iningi lezakhamzimba umzimba wethu ozidingayo ekudleni esikudlayo. Uma umathumbu omncane ehluleka, umzimba ungase ungatholi izakhamzimba ezanele futhi izimo ezifana nokungondleki kahle zingase zivele.

Ubuchopho

Ubuchopho yibo obutshela zonke ezinye izitho zomzimba wethu ukuthi zenze imisebenzi yazo. Ezinye izifo zobuchopho eziwohlokayo zingabangela ukuthi ubuchopho buhluleke kancane kancane. Ukwehluleka kobuchopho okunamandla kuyinqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukufa kobuchopho . Uma ubuchopho noma i-brainstem ifa, ezinye izitho nazo ziyahluleka kancane kancane.

Ngezinye izikhathi, hhayi isitho esisodwa kuphela, kodwa izitho eziningana zingahluleka ngesikhathi esisodwa. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi ukwehluleka kwezitho eziningi , ukwehluleka kwezitho ngokuphelele , noma i-multiple organ dysfunction syndrome .

Kuyini ngempela ukulahlekelwa yizinzwa?

Uma sithi "ukwehluleka kwezitho," sicabanga ukuthi isitho siyeke ukusebenza ngokuphelele. Kodwa leso yisigaba sokugcina. Okushoyo ngempela ukuthi isitho sisesigabeni lapho singakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi waso ogcwele. Okusho ukuthi, asisebenzi kahle , senza ingxenye yomsebenzi waso kuphela. Njengoba inani lomsebenzi lincipha, sidinga usizo oluningi oluvela ngaphandle. Ekuhlulekeni okukhulu, lolu sizo lungadingeka ngokuzumayo, futhi lungase lube lwesikhashana. Ekuhlulekeni okungapheli, kudingeka uhlelo lwesikhathi eside.

Kwenzekani uma isitho somzimba sihluleka?

Ukwehluleka kwezitho okungapheli kuvame ukuqhubeka ngezigaba eziningana. Odokotela bachaza lezi zigaba ngendlela ehlukile kancane ngesitho ngasinye. Ngokuvamile kunezigaba ezine noma ezinhlanu. Eyokugcina eyodwa noma ezimbili zalezi zibhekwa "njengezigaba zokugcina." Okwamanje, isitho sonakaliswe kakhulu futhi umsebenzi waso unciphile kakhulu. Ukuze usinde, uzodinga ukwesekwa kokuphila okwenziwe ngokwenziwa noma ukufakelwa isitho .

Ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba okunamandla kuqala kulezi zigaba zokugcina noma kuqhubekela kuzo ngokushesha okukhulu. Kudinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo. Kodwa-ke, ukwehluleka kwezitho eziningi okunamandla kungenzeka ngezigaba eziningana. Ngenxa yokuthi izitho zethu ezibalulekile ziyasizana, ngezinye izikhathi lapho isitho esisodwa sihluleka, kungabangela ukusabela kweketanga okungaholela ekwehlulekeni kwezinye izitho.

Sizizwa kanjani uma silahlekelwa yizinzwa?

Ukwehluleka kwezitho eziningi kunezimpawu eziningana ezivamile:

• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka, udidekile, noma ukhathele.
• Ukozela noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukudideka.
• Ukudla akunambitheki.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo nokungajulile.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile.
• Umkhuhlane, ukubanda.
• Ukuvuvukala kwezitho noma isisu.
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli besifuba noma besisu.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kunezinye izimpawu ezihlobene nokungasebenzi kahle kwezinzwa ezithile. Isibonelo:

• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho namehlo ( i-jaundice - lokhu kwenzeka lapho isibindi singasebenzi).
• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kwezindebe zakho nezinzipho ( i-cyanosis - lokhu kungenzeka uma uphefumula noma inhliziyo ihluleka).

Kungani lesi sitho singasebenzi kahle? Yiziphi izizathu?

Kunezimbangela eziningana eziyinhloko zokwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba.

Izifo Ezingapheli

Izifo ezingamahlalakhona zingalimaza izitho zakho zomzimba kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ezinye izifo ziba khona lapho uzalwa, kanti ezinye zikhula kamuva ekuphileni. Uma isifo esingamahlalakhona sikhula, ngokuvamile asiphulukisi ngokuphelele. Kodwa kunezindlela zokunciphisa umonakalo. Lo monakalo ungakhula futhi uthathe iminyaka ukuthinta ukusebenza kwesitho noma kudingeke ukwelashwa.

• Isifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona: Isibonelo, izifo ezifana nesifo sesibindi esinamafutha kanye ne-hepatitis C zingabangela ukwehluleka kwesibindi okungamahlalakhona.
• Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona: Izimo ezifana ne -glomerulonephritis kanye nesifo sezinso se-polycystic zingaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso okungamahlalakhona. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo sikashukela nazo ziyizimbangela ezinkulu.
• Isifo senhliziyo esingamahlalakhona: Izinto ezifana nesifo semithambo yenhliziyo kanye nesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso zingaholela kancane kancane ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo.
• Izifo zamathumbu ezingamahlalakhona: Izimo zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo ezingamahlalakhona, njengesifo sikaCrohn , kanye nokuvinjelwa kwamathumbu okungamahlalakhona kungabangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwamathumbu okungamahlalakhona.
• Izifo zokuphefumula ezingamahlalakhona: I-asthma kanye nesifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD) kungabangela ukwehluleka kokuphefumula okungamahlalakhona.
• Izifo zobuchopho eziwohlokayo isikhathi eside: Izifo ezifana nesifo i-Alzheimer kanye nesifo sikaParkinson zibangela ukungasebenzi kahle kobuchopho isikhathi eside ( i-dementia) .

Ukulimala okubuhlungu

Uma ulimele kakhulu kwesinye sezitho zakho zomzimba, kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezitho zomzimba okusheshayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe isitho siyaphola, uma ukulimala kubangele umonakalo ohlala njalo, kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezitho zomzimba okungapheli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isitho asisakwazi ukusebenza kahle njengoba sasisebenza ngaphambili. Ingozi enkulu ethinta umzimba wonke ingabangela ukushaqeka , okuvimba lonke igazi ukugeleza liye kuzo zonke izitho zakho zomzimba. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezitho eziningi ngokuzumayo.

• Uma ingxenye enkulu yamathumbu akho amancane isuswa ngokuhlinzwa, ngokuvamile ngenxa yesifo (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-short bowel syndrome) , kuyimbangela enkulu yokungasebenzi kahle kwamathumbu amancane unomphela.
• Akukho bufakazi obucacile bokuthi ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu kubangela ukwehluleka kobuchopho okungapheli. Kodwa-ke, kungabangela ukufa kobuchopho (ukwehluleka kobuchopho okukhulu) .

Ukulimala okunobuthi

Ubuthi bungabangela ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba okuphuthumayo nokungapheli. Bungathinta noma yiziphi noma zonke izitho zakho ezibalulekile. Bungavela ezintweni ezisendaweni, ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane ezikhiqiza ubuthi emzimbeni wakho, noma ezintweni ozidlayo. Isibindi nezinso zethu zihlunga inani elincane lobuthi egazini lakho nsuku zonke. Uma bungasebenzi kahle, lobu buthi bunganqwabelana emzimbeni wakho futhi bulimaze ezinye izitho zomzimba.

• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa noma utshwala isikhathi eside kungabangela ukwehluleka kwesibindi unomphela ( i-hepatitis enobuthi ), ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo unomphela ( i-cardiomyopathy ebangelwa utshwala) , noma ukwehluleka kobuchopho unomphela (ukulimala kobuchopho okuhlobene notshwala ). Lokhu futhi kunegalelo elikhulu ezifweni zamathumbu nezinso zesikhathi eside. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isibindi, noma izinso okungazelelwe kungabangelwa ukweqisa izidakamizwa noma ubuthi botshwala ngokuzumayo.
• Ubuthi obungokwemvelo bungabangela ukwehluleka kokuphefumula okungapheli, izifo zezinso noma zesibindi, kanye nezifo zobuchopho eziwohlokayo.
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kukhiqiza ubuthi njengomkhiqizo olandelanayo. Lokhu kungathinta isitho esisodwa noma, uma kuqongelela egazini, kuzo zonke izitho. Uma kukhona ukutheleleka egazini, kungaholela ekushaqekeni nasekushaqekeni .

Ukulahlekelwa igazi/ukunikezwa komoya-mpilo

Izitho zethu zithola umoya-mpilo ngokugeleza kwegazi. Uma, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, ukunikezwa kwegazi esithweni kunqanyulwa, akutholi umoya-mpilo esiwudingayo ukuze sisebenze ( i-hypoxia ). Kuye ngokuthi ukunikezwa kwegazi kunqanyulwe kangakanani, lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezitho okungazelelwe noma okuhlala njalo.I-Ischemia ukwehla kokunikezwa kwegazi esithweni somzimba. Kungaba yi-acute noma kancane kancane. Ukushaqeka ukulahleka kokugeleza kwegazi ngokuzumayo emzimbeni wonke.

• I-Ischemia kunoma yisiphi isitho ingabangela ukuvuvukala, okungaholela ekufeni kwezicubu. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokushesha noma kancane. I-ischemic stroke engxenyeni eyodwa yobuchopho ingabangela ukulimala kobuchopho okungazelelwe, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukufa kobuchopho. I-Ischemic cardiomyopathy iyimbangela ehamba phambili yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli.
• Isigameko esikhulu senhliziyo, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo , ukumiswa kwenhliziyo , noma isifo sohlangothi, singanqamula igazi nomoya-mpilo kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe noma ekulimaleni kobuchopho, kanye nokwehluleka kwezitho eziningi. Uma inhliziyo noma i-brainstem ifa, ezinye izitho zizolandela.
• Ukushaqeka ukulahlekelwa ukugeleza kwegazi ngokuzumayo emzimbeni wonke. Kungaba nezimbangela eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukutheleleka egazini ( ukushaqeka kwe-septic ), ukulimala kwenhliziyo ( ukushaqeka kwenhliziyo ), ukuvaleka kwenhliziyo ( ukushaqeka okuvimbekile) , kanye nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba (ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic) . Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezitho eziningi ngokuzumayo.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu ngqo?

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezithile ukuthola ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso kulinganisa amakhemikhali egazini lakho nasemchameni ukuze kutholakale ulwazi mayelana nokuthi izitho zakho zisebenza kanjani. Ungase ube ne-scan yezinso noma i-scan ukuze ubheke ukuqina kwesibindi sakho ( elastography ).
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale ukungondleki kahle, okulandelwa yi -enteroscopy yamathumbu amancane, kungabona ukungasebenzi kahle kwamathumbu amancane okubangelwa ukungamuncwa kahle noma ukuvinjelwa okungafanele.
• I-echocardiogram ingalinganisa inani legazi eliphampa inhliziyo yakho ( ingxenye yokukhipha igazi) bese ibona ukuthi isebenza kahle kangakanani.
• Ukuhlolwa kobuchopho kanye nokuskena kobuchopho kungasiza ekuboneni umonakalo wobuchopho.
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu kungahlola ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokuphefumula lusebenza kahle kangakanani. I-pulse oximetry (i-pulse ox)Ungalinganisa izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini lakho ngokuhlola igesi yegazi emithanjeni .
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zezitho zomzimba, njenge -ultrasound noma i-CT scan .

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba okukhulu, odokotela bazokunikeza ukunakekelwa okusekelayo ukuze kuqiniswe isimo sakho. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (uketshezi lwe-IV).
• Ama-antibiotic.
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi.
• Ukudla okunomsoco ngemithambo yegazi (ukudla okunomsoco nge-IV).
• Ukwelashwa nge-oxygen noma ukuphefumula ngomshini.
• Imithi yokucindezela i-vasopressor yokwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi.
• Ukuhlanza nge-Dialysis.

Kwezinye izimo, ukufakelwa isitho kungalapha ukwehluleka kwesitho ngokuzumayo.

Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba okungapheli, odokotela basikisela okulandelayo:

• Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwesibindi okungapheli, izeluleko zokudla nendlela yokuphila zingakusiza ukuthi ulawule noma ubuyisele emuva ukuqhubeka kwaso. Uma sesifike esigabeni sokugcina, ungadinga ukufakelwa isibindi .
• I-Dialysis isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli okuba kubi kakhulu. Uma sekufike esigabeni sokugcina, uzodinga ukufakelwa izinso .
• Ezimweni zokwehluleka kokuphefumula okungapheli , kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokusekelwa kokuphefumula ezingakusiza ukuthi uthole umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Ezigabeni zokugcina, ungadinga ukufakelwa amaphaphu noma ukuphefumula okuhlala njalo.
• Imithi yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli kanye nezimo zayo eziyisisekelo, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo semithambo yegazi yenhliziyo. Ezigabeni zakamuva, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamadivayisi afakwe ezisiza inhliziyo ukuthi isebenze, futhi ekugcineni , izinketho zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo njengokufakelwa kwenhliziyo .
• Ukudla okunempilo kwamathumbu okungapheli. Ungadla ukudla okunempilo kwamathumbu impilo yakho yonke, kodwa ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kungabangela izinkinga. Ungaphinde ufakwe amathumbu .
• Imithi yezimpawu zesifo sengqondo esiwohloka kancane kancane. Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa okuzonciphisa noma okuzobuyisela emuva ukuqhubeka kwaso. Akukho ukwelashwa kokufa kobuchopho .

Ingabe kungenzeka ukululama ngemva kokwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba?

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kokwehluleka okukhulu kwezitho zomzimba, izitho zomzimba ziyalulama. Lokhu kungenzeka noma izitho eziningi sezihlulekile ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kulesi simo, ungase udinge ukwesekwa kokuphila okwesikhashana kuphela. Ezigabeni zokuqala zokwehluleka kwezitho okungapheli, uma imbangela eyisisekelo ingelashwa kahle, ingase iguqulwe. Kodwa-ke, ezigabeni zakamuva, kuvame ukuba nomonakalo ongenakulungiseka. Isibonelo, ukushaqeka kwezitho zomzimba ( i-fibrosis ) noma ukufa kwezicubu.

Ngisho noma utholakale unesifo sezinso esisesigabeni sokugcina, ungalilahli ithemba . Cishe uzoba neminyaka eminingi yokuzama ukuguqula isimo sakho. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zokusiza izinso zakho ezingasebenzi kahle nokunciphisa izimpawu zakho. Abanye abantu abafinyeleli ezigabeni zokugcina zesifo sezinso esisesigabeni sokugcina. Uma ufika kuleso sigaba, ungafaka isicelo sokufakelwa isitho somzimba.

Ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba ngokuzumayo kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yokugula noma ingozi engalindelekile. Kunzima ukukuvimbela, futhi kuba yisimo esiphuthumayo uma kwenzeka. Odokotela abasegunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) benza konke okusemandleni abo ukusekela ezinye izinhlelo zomzimba wakho ngenkathi bezama ukubuyisela isitho noma izitho zomzimba ezihlulekayo.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule

Nakuba ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba kuyisimo esibucayi, kubalulekile ukuba nokuqonda okufanele ngaso. Ukunaka izimpawu, ukufuna iseluleko esifanele sezokwelapha, kanye nokuthatha ukwelashwa okunqunyiwe kungasiza kakhulu ekulawuleni lesi simo. Futhi, ukuphila ngendlela enempilo nokuphatha kahle noma yiziphi izifo ezingamahlalakhona kunganciphisa ingozi yokwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba. Uma wena noma othile oseduze nawe enokungabaza ngalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela.

Ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba , isibindi, izinso, inhliziyo, amaphaphu, ubuchopho, izimpawu, ukwelashwa