Ukhuhlane yisimo abaningi bethu abake bezwa ngaso, futhi mhlawumbe ngisho naso ebuntwaneni bethu. Eqinisweni, kuyisifo esibangelwa yigciwane. Ngokuvamile sikubona ngokuvuvukala okubonakalayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zezihlathi. Kodwa-ke, kungathinta nezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokhuhlane kalula nangokucacile. Ungesabi; ukuhlala unolwazi yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
Iyini ngempela i-Mumps?
Njengoba ngishilo, lesi yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane. Leli gciwane lingathinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Kodwa-ke, laziwa kakhulu ngokubangela ukuvuvukala kwezindlala zamathe eziseduze nezihlathi zethu, ezaziwa ngokuthi izindlala ze-parotid. Lezi zindlala ziphambi kwezindlebe, ngasemhlathini. Lezi yizindlala ezikhiqiza amathe emilonyeni yethu.
Esikhathini esidlule, i-Mumps yayiyisifo esivamile, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-5 kuya kwengu-9. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomjovo we-Mumps, ukwanda kwalesi sifo kuye kwehla kakhulu. Lokho kuyimpumuzo enkulu ngempela, akunjalo?
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Mumps?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nalesi sifo ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu nhlobo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, zingase zibonise izimpawu ezincane kakhulu, ezifana nokuba nomkhuhlane ovamile. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, ungalindela okulandelayo:
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla.
- Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka, ukhathele, futhi ngokuvamile ungaphilile, okuhambisana nobuhlungu bomzimba.
Phakathi nezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu lezi zimpawu ziqalile, izindlala zamathe (ama-parotid glands) engikhulume ngazo ekuqaleni ziqala ukuvuvukala, zihambisana nobuhlungu. Yilokhu okwenza izihlathi zibukeke zikhukhumele, njengebhaluni eligcwele umoya. Lobuhlungu buyanda lapho ingane igwinya, ikhuluma, ihlafuna ukudla, futhi ikakhulukazi lapho iphuza amajusi ane-asidi (njengojusi we-orange noma we-lime). Ngezinye izikhathi, indlala ohlangothini olulodwa ingavuvukala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zombili izinhlangothi zingavuvukala. Ngezinye izikhathi, uhlangothi olulodwa lungavuvukala, kanti olunye uhlangothi lungalandela ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Cabanga nje uma ingane yakho izama ukuphuza ujusi wewolintshi bese ikhala ithi “Hawu!” ibambe isihlathi sayo; lokho kungaba ngenxa yalobu buhlungu. Kufanele uqaphele kancane ngezikhathi ezinjalo.
Izimo ezingavamile kodwa ezingaba zimbi kakhulu
Nakuba kungavamile, i-Mumps ingaholela ezimweni ezilandelayo. Kuhle ukuzazi lezi, njengoba kukusiza ukuthi uhlale uzolile futhi ulungele:
- Izimo ezifana nomkhuhlane wobuchopho: Lokhu kubhekisela ku-
(encephalitis)(ukuvuvukala kobuchopho) noma(meningitis)(ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi olumboze ubuchopho). Lezi zimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke qaphela izimpawu. - Ukuvuvukala kwamasende kubafana: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi
(orchitis). - Ukuvuvukala kwama-ovari emantombazaneni: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi
(oophoritis). - Ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi
(pancreatitis). Lokhu kungabonakala futhi njengobuhlungu besisu. - Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa: Nakuba kungavamile, kungenzeka ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
Lokhu akuvamile ukubonwa, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi oluthile ngakho. Uma wazi kusengaphambili, ungathatha isinyathelo ngokushesha uma kuvela izinkinga.
Ingabe umkhuhlane uyathelelana? Usakazeka kanjani?
Yebo, i-mumps iyisifo esithathelwanayo. Ingasakazeka kalula isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye. Uyazi ukuthi kanjani?
Kusakazeka ngamaconsi amancane oketshezi oluphuma emlonyeni lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela, ethimula, ekhuluma, noma ehleka.
Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa kungasakazeka nasezintweni ezisetshenziswa ngumuntu onegciwane. Isibonelo:
- Izicubu ezisetshenzisiwe
- Ama-straw
- Izibuko zokuphuza
Uma abanye besebenzisa lezi zinto, lesi sifo singasakazeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma lowo muntu engagezi izandla zakhe kahle, igciwane lingatholakala kunoma iyiphi indawo ayithintayo. Ngemva kwalokho, abanye abathinta lezo zindawo nabo bangase bathole lesi sifo.
Cabanga nje uma ingane eyodwa ekilasini lesikole inomkhuhlane kanye nokuthimula; kungasakazeka kalula kubangani bayo abaseduze. Yingakho izingane zicelwa ukuba zihlale ekhaya uma zinesifo esinjalo, njengoba sivikela abanye.
Isikhathi lapho umuntu one-Mumps ethelelana kakhulu sisukela ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu ziqale kuze kube yizinsuku ezinhlanu ngemva kokuphela kwezimpawu. Njengoba ngishilo, abanye abantu bangase babe negciwane ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu, futhi bangasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele kancane.
Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole i-Mumps?
Ukhuhlane luvame ukubonwa ezinganeni zesikole kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha emanyuvesi. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuqubuka kwezifo kungenzeka lapho abantu abaningi bethola khona lesi sifo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuqubuka okunjalo akusavamile ngenxa yomjovo, kodwa kusabonakala ngezikhathi ezithile. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha basacwaninga ukuthi kungani lokhu kuqubuka kusenzeka nokuthi yini engenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kubantu abaningi, ngemva kokuba ne-Mumps kanye empilweni yabo, abaphinde bayithole. Umzimba uba namandla okuzivikela kuyo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-mumps? Yini engenziwa ekhaya?
Akukho ukwelashwa okukhethekile noma ukwelashwa kwe-mumps ngoba kuyigciwane elibangelwa yigciwane. Ngakho-ke, umgomo ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki kwengane yakho nokunikeza impumuzo. Ungenza okulandelayo ekhaya:
- Qinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho iphuza uketshezi oluningi. Futhi, nikeza ukudla okuthambile okulula ukukuhlafuna, njengoba ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu ezihlathini kwenza kube nzima ukuhlafuna.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu, unganiki amajusi ezithelo athambile noma ane-asidi (njengejusi le-orange, lamagilebhisi, noma likalamula). Lokhu kungandisa ubuhlungu ezindlaleni ze-parotid ezitholakala endaweni yesihlathi.
- Uma ingane yakho inomkhuhlane noma izinhlungu zomzimba, ungayinika imithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu efana ne-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen ukuze unciphise ukungakhululeki. Nquma umthamo ngokweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi ungalokothi unike ingane enesifo esibangelwa yigciwane i-aspirin. Ukwenza kanjalo kungahlotshaniswa nesimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Reye syndrome. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke sicela ungakukhohlwa.
- Ungasebenzisa ama-compress afudumele noma apholile ukuze unikeze impumuzo ezinhlafunweni zezihlathi ezivuvukele. Khetha noma yikuphi okunikeza induduzo eyengeziwe enganeni yakho.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ithola ukuphumula okwanele. Ukugijima, ukudlala, noma umsebenzi onzima akukhuthazwa ngalesi sikhathi.
- Ingane enomumbu kufanele igcinwe ekhaya izinsuku ezi-5 kusukela ngosuku ukuvuvukala kwesihlathi kuqala ngalo. Ungayithumeli esikoleni noma ekunakekelweni kwezingane phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kuphephile nini ukuthi ingane yakho ibuyele esikoleni.
Khumbula, i-mumps ibangelwa yigciwane. Ngakho-ke, ama-antibiotic awasizi. Ama-antibiotic asebenza kuphela ekulweni nokutheleleka ngamagciwane futhi awathinti amagciwane.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ekuguleni?
Ezimweni eziningi, izingane ezine-mumps zilulama ngokuphelele emavikini angaba ngu-2. Asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka. Ngokuphumula okufanele nokudla okunomsoco, zizolulama ngokushesha. Ukubekezela kubalulekile.
Ingabe ama-mumps angavinjelwa?
Yebo, impela! Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela izingane zakho kuma-mumps ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zigonyelwa ama-mumps ngesikhathi esibekiwe.
Iningi lezingane lithola isivikelo kuma-mumps ngomuthi wokugomela i-Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR), noma umuthi wokugomela i-Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella (MMRV). Kunikezwa imithamo emibili yale mithi yokugomela:
- Umthamo wokuqala: Phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-12-15 ubudala.
- Umthamo wesibili: Phakathi kweminyaka engu-4-6 ubudala.
Ukuthola le mithi yokugoma kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola i-mumps. Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu abagonyiwe bangase baqhubeke bethola i-mumps, kodwa uma bethola, izimpawu ziba zincane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nomuntu ongakagonywa.
Ngesikhathi sokuqubuka komkhuhlane, odokotela bangase batuse umthamo owengeziwe womuthi wokugomela i-MMR kubantu abathile abasengozini enkulu. Ungathola ulwazi lwakamuva ngalokhu kudokotela womndeni wakho.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela ngokushesha? (Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso)
Nakuba i-mumps ivame ukungabi nzima kakhulu, ngishilo ekuqaleni ukuthi izinkinga ezinkulu azivamile ukwenzeka. Uma ingane yakho ino-mumps futhi ikhombisa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha:
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
- Intamo eqinile.
- Ukuquleka.
- Uma ingane ilele kakhulu.
- Izinguquko engqondweni noma uma ziphela amandla.
Ungalibali uma lezi zimpawu zivela, ngoba zingaba yizimpawu zezinkinga ezihlobene nobuchopho ezishiwo ngenhla.
Futhi, qaphela ubuhlungu besisu. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yenkinga ye-pancreatic (pancreatitis) kubafana noma amantombazane. Kwamantombazane, kungaba yinkinga ye-ovarian (oophoritis). Uma kungumfana, hlola ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwama-testicles (orchitis) okuhambisana nomkhuhlane ophezulu. Lezi futhi yizinto okufanele uzinake.
Yini enye okufanele siyazi ngama-mumps?
Ukuvuvukala kwezindlala ze-parotid endaweni yesihlathi akugcini nje ngokutholakala ku-mumps. Lezi zindlala zingavuvukala ngenxa yezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, njengalezo ezibangela umkhuhlane ovamile, umkhuhlane, noma i-coxsackievirus. Empeleni lezi zivame kakhulu kune-mumps.
Futhi, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kungabangela ukuthi lezi zindlala zivuvuke. Akuvamile ukuthi itshe elinoketshezi (elifana netshe lezinso) livale umgudu wamathe, okubangela ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu.
Ngakho-ke, uma isihlathi sivuvukele, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi yi-mumps noma okunye. Bangakwazi ukuthola imbangela eqondile futhi banikeze iseluleko esidingekayo.
Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile esizifundile engxoxweni yethu? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)
Sesixoxe kakhulu nge-mumps. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula la maphuzu:
- Ukugoma kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela: Qinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ithola umuthi wokugomela i-MMR ngesikhathi esibekiwe. Lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola umkhuhlane.
- Qaphela izimpawu: Qaphela umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukukhathala, ikakhulukazi ukuvuvukala kwezihlathi.
- Nikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele ekhaya: Nikeza ingane yakho uketshezi oluningi nokudla okuthambile. Gwema amajusi ane-asidi. Sebenzisa i-acetaminophen noma okufanayo uma ubhekene nobuhlungu nomkhuhlane (ungalokothi unike i-aspirin!). Qiniseka ukuthi ithola ukuphumula okwanele.
- Vimbela ukusabalala: Gcina ingane ekhaya okungenani izinsuku ezi-5 ngemva kokuqala kokugula. Lokhu kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwayo kwabanye.
- Qaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso: Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha uma ubona ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, intamo eqinile, ukuxhuzula, ukozela okukhulu, izinguquko engqondweni, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ukuvuvukala kwamasende.
- Ungesabi, kodwa qaphela: Ukhunta ngokuvamile kuyisifo esizivimbelayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuphathwa okufanele kanye nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma kudingeka kubalulekile.
Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi uluthole luwusizo. Uma unemibuzo, ungalokothi unqikaze ukukhuluma nodokotela. Impilo yengane yakho iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu!
INirogi Lanka | Ugobe, ukuvuvukala kwezihlathi, izindlala ze-parotid, umuthi wokugomela i-MMR, ukutheleleka ngegciwane, izingane
