Ingabe ingane yakho ivele yaba nokuvuvukala ezihlathini zayo okubuhlungu uma ithintwa? Ingabe kukhona umkhuhlane omncane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba? Kujwayelekile ngawe njengomama ukwesaba kancane ngesikhathi esinjengalesi. Ngokuvamile, isifo esihambisana nalezi zimpawu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi “ama-mumps.” Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngama-mumps ngendlela elula neqondile.
Kuyini ngempela i-mumps?
Kalula nje, i-mumps yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa amagciwane. Sibangelwa igciwane elivela emndenini we-paramyxovirus. Lesi sifo sivame ukuqala ngezimpawu ezincane njengomkhuhlane ophansi, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nokukhathala. Kodwa-ke kuvela uphawu oluyisici salesi sifo. Okusho ukuthi, izindlala zamathe emlonyeni wethu, ikakhulukazi izindlala ze-parotid eduze kwendlebe, ziyavuvukala. Ngokwezokwelapha lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "i-parotitis" evuvukile. Yingakho izihlathi zivuvukele kakhulu futhi indawo yomhlathi ibukeka ivuvukile. Kubukeka sengathi i-squirrel ifaka okuthile emlonyeni wayo.
Esikhathini esidlule, i-mumps yayiyisifo esivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokwethulwa komjovo we-mumps ngo-1967, inani lamacala alesi sifo lehla kakhulu . Kodwa-ke, kusenezimo zokusabalala kwe-mumps eziwubhubhane. Lesi simo singabonakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho abantu abaningi bebuthana khona, njengamayunivesithi.
Nakuba lesi sifo ngokuvamile singesibi kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi singadala izinkinga ezinkulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuvikela ingane yakho ngokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) .
Ziyini izimpawu zomumbu?
Isikhathi sokufukamela igciwane le-mumps singasukela ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kwezingama-25 ngemuva kokungena emzimbeni futhi sibangele izimpawu. Abantu abaningi baqala ukuba nezimpawu ezincane kakhulu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nalesi sifo ngaphandle kwezimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa basengasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile nezinzima ezikuleli thebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo lwesibonakaliso | Izimpawu ezibonisa |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu ezincane ekuqaleni |
|
| Isici esiyinhloko | Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kuvela izindlala zamathe ezihlathini (i-Parotitis). Lokhu kungenzeka ohlangothini olulodwa noma zombili zobuso. Izihlathi zibonakala zivuvukele kanti indawo yomhlathi ibonakala ivuvukele. |
| Izimpawu ezinzima ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha (ezivame kakhulu kubantu abasha nabadala) | |
| Izimpawu zezinkinga |
|
Khumbula, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane nazo zingabangela ukuvuvukala kwezihlathi. Ngakho-ke ungacabangi ukuthi njalo lapho isihlathi sakho sivuvukala, kusuke kuyi-mumps. Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile.
Lesi sifo sidluliselwa kanjani sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye?
Ukhunta luyisifo esithelelanayo kakhulu . Lusakazeka ngokuxhumana ngqo namathe noma amaconsi okuphefumula (okuvela ekukhwehleleni noma ekuthinimuleni) okuvela kumuntu onegciwane.
- Ngamaconsi akhishwa uma ukhuluma, ukhwehlela, noma uthimula .
- Ngabanye abantu besebenzisa izinto ezifana nezinkomishi, izipuni, namathoyizi asetshenziswe ngumuntu onegciwane.
- Kusukela emisebenzini yokuxhumana eduze njengokudlala imidlalo nokuqabulana.
Ngokuvamile, umuntu one-mumps angasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba izindlala zakhe ziqale ukuvuvukala kuze kube cishe ezinsukwini ezi-5 ngemuva kokuqala kokuvuvukala. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane ine-mumps, kufanele ugweme ukuyithumela esikoleni noma ezikhungweni zokunakekelwa kwasemini.
Dokotela, wazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyi-mumps?
Uma uyisa ingane yakho kudokotela, izokubuza ngezimpawu zengane yakho bese ihlola ingane yakho. Ngokuvamile, ukuvuvukala ezihlathini kuzobonisa ngokushesha ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi yi-mumps.
Kodwa ukuze aqinisekise ukuxilongwa, udokotela angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuningana.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR:Okwenziwayo lapha ukuthatha isampula ngaphakathi esihlathini noma emphinjeni wengane nge-swab encane bese uyihlola ukuthi ayinalo yini igciwane le-mumps.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungenziwa ukuhlola ama-antibodies akhiqizwe emzimbeni ngokumelene negciwane noma ukuvimbela ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
Ukwelashwa kanjani umkhuhlane? Yini ongayenza ekhaya?
Akukho muthi othize wokubulala igciwane le-mumps. Lesi sifo sivame ukuphela sodwa phakathi namasonto amabili. Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukulawula izimpawu nokwenza ingane ikhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ungenza lezi zinto ekhaya:
- Banike uketshezi oluningi ukuze baphuze. Izinto ezifana namanzi, ijusi yezithelo, kanye nesobho zinhle kakhulu.
- Hlanza umlomo wakho ngamanzi anosawoti afudumele. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni umphimbo obuhlungu.
- Nikeza ukudla okuthambile, okulula ukukuhlafuna. Izinto ezifana nelayisi, iphalishi, neyogathi zifanelekile.
- Gwema ukunikeza ukudla okumuncu neziphuzo. Lokhu kungandisa ubuhlungu ngokubangela ukuthi kukhiqizwe amathe amaningi emlonyeni.
- Beka iphakethe leqhwa noma ibhodlela lamanzi ashisayo ezihlathini zakho ezivuvukele. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
- Nikeza imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu enconywe udokotela wakho, njengeParacetamol noma i-Ibuprofen, ukuze wehlise umkhuhlane nobuhlungu.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi unike ingane ene-aspirin nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Reye's syndrome, esilimaza isibindi nobuchopho.
Ingabe ama-mumps angaba yingozi? Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?
Esikhathini esiningi, ukhunta akuyona isifo esibi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile, kungaba nezinkinga ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha nabadala abangakagonywa.
- I-Meningitis: Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezimboze ubuchopho nomgogodla.
- I-Encephalitis: Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.
- I-Orchitis: Ukuvuvukala kwamasende kubafana. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngemva kokuthomba, akuvamile ukubangela ukungazali.
- I-Oophoritis: Ukuvuvukala kwama-ovari emantombazaneni.
- I-Pancreatitis: Ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas.
- Ukungezwa: Akuvamile, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa unomphela.
Ama-mumps ngokuvamile awayona ingozi uma uwathola ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kodwa ezimweni ezingavamile angabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma ukhulelwe futhi uke wahlangana nomuntu one-mumps, bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuzivikela ngokuphelele kulesi sifo?
Yebo, ikhona! Indlela engcono kakhulu nephumelela kakhulu ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella) . Lo muthi wokugomela uvikela kuzo zonke izifo ezintathu: isimungumungwane, isimungumungwane, kanye ne-rubella.
Ngokusho koHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma lwaseSri Lanka, izingane zinikezwa imithamo emibili yalo mjovo.
- Umthamo wokuqala unikezwa ezinyangeni ezingu-9 ubudala (njengesimungumungwane kanye ne-rubella) kanye
- Umthamo wesibili unikezwa eneminyaka engu-3 (njenge-MMR).
(Qaphela: Ngezinye izikhathi izinhlelo zingase zihluke kancane. Buza isisebenzi sezempilo somndeni wakho noma udokotela ukuze uthole uhlelo oluqondile.)
Lo mjovo uphephile kakhulu futhi usebenza kahle. Uvimbela lesi sifo kubantu abangaba ngu-90% abathola umjovo. Abanye abantwana bangase babe nobuhlungu, ukubomvu, noma umkhuhlane omncane lapho umjovo unikezwe khona. Kodwa lokhu kuvamile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukhunta yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane esibangela ukuvuvukala kwezihlathi.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kulokhu ukunikeza ingane yakho umuthi wokugomela i-MMR ngesikhathi.
- Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalokhu. Okwenziwayo nje ukuqeda izimpawu. Nika ingane ukuphumula nokuphuza okuningi.
- Nakuba umkhuhlane ungavamile ukuba yisifo esingathi sína, izinkinga ezinkulu azivamile ukwenzeka. Ngakho-ke qaphela izimpawu.
- Ungalokothi unike ingane enemfiva ebangelwa yigciwane i-aspirin.
- Uma izihlathi zengane yakho zivuvukele futhi kunomkhuhlane, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele kanye neseluleko.
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