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Iyini i-Anthrax? Ukuqonda Lokhu Kuthelelana Okubi Kakhulu

Iyini i-Anthrax? Ukuqonda Lokhu Kuthelelana Okubi Kakhulu

Physician Reviewed — Not Medical Advice

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi 'i-anthrax' ezindabeni noma kuthelevishini, kodwa liyini ngempela? Ingabe yinto okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo? I-anthrax igciwane eliyingozi elibangelwa amagciwane. Nakuba lingavamile ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, kubalulekile ukwazi. Ngokuvamile lithinta izilwane zasemapulazini njengezinkomo nezimvu; nokho, abantu bangatheleleka uma behlangana nezilwane ezigulayo noma imikhiqizo yezilwane engcolile yigciwane.

Yini Ebangela I-Anthrax?

Kalula nje, i-anthrax ibangelwa igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-Bacillus anthracis . Leli gciwane liyakwazi ukumelana kahle kakhulu ngoba lingakha igobolondo elivikelayo, libe yizinhlamvu ezingaphila endaweni ezungezile—ikakhulukazi enhlabathini—iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokulimala.

Cabanga ngalezi zinhlamvu ezincane, ezingenalutho. Uma zingena emzimbeni wakho, zithola indawo eziyidingayo ukuze "zivuke" futhi zibe amagciwane asebenzayo. Lawa magciwane abe eseqala ukukhiqiza ubuthi obuyingozi, okuholela ezimpawini zesifo.

I-Anthrax Isakazeka Kanjani?

Kubalulekile ukuqonda into eyodwa: I-anthrax ayithelelani. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ayisabalali isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye njengomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane. Ngakho-ke, ungayithola kanjani?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthi lokhu kutheleleka kungadluliselwa ngazo:

  • Ngesikhumba: Ama-spores e-anthrax angangena emzimbeni ngokusikwa, ukuklwebheka, noma inxeba. Lena yindlela evame kakhulu abantu abatheleleka ngayo.
  • Ngokuphefumula: Ukuphefumula ama-spores akhona endaweni ezungezile. Lolu uhlobo lwe-anthrax oluyingozi kakhulu futhi olungaba yingozi kakhulu.
  • Ngokusebenzisa umgudu wokugaya ukudla : Ukudla inyama engcolile, engaphekiwe kahle evela ezilwaneni ezinegciwane.
  • Ngokujova izidakamizwa: Ukujova izidakamizwa ezingcolile njenge-heroin. Lokhu kubikwe ezingxenyeni eziningana zomhlaba.

Ingozi enkulu kakhulu ilabo abasebenza ngezilwane ezinegciwane emapulazini, labo abaphatha izikhumba zezilwane noma uboya, odokotela bezilwane, kanye nabasebenzi belabhoratri abasebenza naleli gciwane.

Ziyini Izimpawu?

Izimpawu zincike ekutheni ama-spores ebhaktheriya angene kanjani emzimbeni wakho. Ake sibheke icala ngalinye:

Uhlobo Lokuchayeka Izimpawu
I-Anthrax Yesikhumba
  • Iqhubu noma iqhubu elilumayo elibukeka njengokulunywa yizinambuzane.
  • Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, iphenduka isilonda esingenabuhlungu esinomphakathi omnyama.
  • Ukuvuvukala okuzungeze isilonda.
I-Anthrax Yesisu
  • Umkhuhlane kanye nokubanda.
  • Izindlala zentamo ezivuvukele kanye nobuhlungu lapho ugwinya.
  • Isicanucanu ,ukuhlanza (mhlawumbe ngenxa yegazi), kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla .
  • Uhudo olunegazi.
  • Ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu.
  • Ukuquleka.
    • I-Anthrax Yokuphefumula
    (Ifomu eliyingozi kakhulu)
  • Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ezifana nomkhuhlane (umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, umphimbo obuhlungu) ezingase zihlale izinsuku ezimbalwa.
  • Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
  • Ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu esifubeni.
  • Ukukhwehlela igazi.
  • Ukujuluka okukhulu, isicanucanu, kanye nokudideka.
  • Uma ingelashwa, ingaholela ekushaqekeni noma ekumeningwini, okusongela ukuphila.
    • I-Anthrax Yomjovo
  • Ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma amaqhubu alumayo endaweni yokujova.
  • Umkhuhlane kanye nokubanda.
  • Isilonda esingenabuhlungu esinomphakathi omnyama.
  • Amathumba ajulile ngaphansi kwesikhumba noma emisipheni.

    • Kutholakala Kanjani?

    Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-anthrax, uzobuza ngomsebenzi wakho, ukuthintana kwakho nezilwane, noma ukuchayeka ezintweni ezisolisayo. Kungase kwenziwe izivivinyo eziningana:

    • Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlola ama-antibodies ngokumelene namagciwane noma ubuthi obukhiqizwa yi-bacteria.
    • Isampula yesikhumba: Uma unesilonda, isampula ingathathwa iyohlolwa elebhu.
    • I-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan: Kwenziwa uma kusolwa ukuthi i-anthrax ihogela.
    • Ukuhlolwa kwendle: Ukuhlola i-anthrax yesisu.
    • Ukumpompa komgogodla: Uma kukhona ukusolakala kwe-meningitis, kungadingeka ukubhobozwa kwe-lumbar.

    Ukwelashwa kwe-Anthrax

    Uma usola ukuthi uke wavezwa yi-anthrax, ungalindi kuze kuvele izimpawu. Xhumana nodokotela wakho noma uvakashele igumbi lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze nawe ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile.

    Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni lesi sifo sitholakale kanjani kanye nobunzima baso:

    1. Ama-antibiotic: Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kokubulala amagciwane. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lawa anikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV).

    2. Ama-Antitoxin: Imithi eyenzelwe ngqo ukuqeda ubuthi obukhiqizwa yibhaktheriya, njenge-obiltoxaximab kanye ne-raxibacumab.

    3. Ukulaliswa esibhedlela: Amacala amakhulu adinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlela ukuze kuqashwe ngokucophelela futhi kuphathwe.

    Ubani Okufanele Athole Umuthi Wokugomela I-Anthrax?

    Kukhona umuthi wokugomela i-anthrax, kodwa awungowomphakathi jikelele. Ugcinelwe labo abasengozini enkulu yokuchayeka, njengalaba:

    • Izisebenzi zaselabhorethri ezisebenza namagciwane.
    • Abantu abasezimbonini abaphatha imikhiqizo yezilwane njengezikhumba noma uboya.
    • Abasebenzi abathile bezempi.

    Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, njengokuchayeka okungenzeka kubuphekula obubangelwa yizinto eziphilayo, umuthi wokugomela unganikezwa kanye nenkambo yama-antibiotic izinsuku ezingama-60.

    Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

    • I-anthrax iwukutheleleka okukhulu kwamagciwane.
    • Akuthelelaniphakathi kwabantu.
    • Ngokuvamile itholakala ezilwaneni ezinegciwane noma emikhiqizweni yezilwane.
    • Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka ngendlela yokungena. I-anthrax yokuphefumula iyingozi kakhulu.
    • Uma usola ukuthi utholakale unegciwane, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulinda izimpawu. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kusindisa impilo.

    I-Anthrax, Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, Izifo ezithathelwanayo, Izimo zesikhumba, Izifo zokuphefumula, Izifo ze-Zoonotic

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