Uma uke waya esibhedlela noma ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo, kungenzeka ukuthi kudingeke ukuthi ufake i-cannula. Abanye abantu bayesaba kancane noma banesithakazelo ngaleli payipi elincane lepulasitiki elifakwe emthanjeni ongalweni yakho noma kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho. "Kungani lokhu kufakwa?", "Ingabe kuzobuhlungu?", "Kuzokwenzekani?", njll. Ungase ube nemibuzo efana nale engqondweni yakho. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sicacise yonke imibuzo onayo ngale cannula, noma ngokwezokwelapha, 'i-peripheral IV', akunjalo?
Kalula nje, iyini le cannula?
I-cannula iyipayipi elincane kakhulu, eliguquguqukayo lepulasitiki elifakwa komunye wemithambo yakho. Ibizwa nangokuthi 'i-catheter'. Isetshenziselwa ukunikeza umzimba wakho ukwelashwa, njengoketshezi nemithi, ngqo egazini lakho.
Cabanga nje, cishe ama-80% eziguli ezilaliswe ezibhedlela emhlabeni wonke zizodinga usizo lwe-cannula ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwazo. Lena yindlela yokwelapha esetshenziswa kakhulu ngemithambo yegazi esibhedlela. Ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa nangokuthi `i-Peripheral IV catheter`, `i-Peripheral venous catheter` noma `i-Peripheral IV line`. Kodwa-ke, lena yi-`cannula` esiyaziyo sonke.
Hlobo luni lwezinto ozifaka i-cannula?
Odokotela nabahlengikazi basebenzisa i-cannula ngezinjongo eziningana eziyinhloko. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezi.
| Sebenzisa | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Uketshezi lwe-IV | Uma umzimba uphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, nikeza umzimba usawoti kanye nolunye uketshezi. |
| Imithi | Eminye imithi, njengemithi elwa namagciwane, ingafakwa ngqo emthanjeni ukuze kutholakale imiphumela esheshayo. |
| Ukumpontshelwa igazi | Nikela ngegazi uma umzimba ulidinga, kungaba ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ingozi. |
| Ukudla okunempilo | Kulabo abangakwazi ukudla ngomlomo, konke ukudla okunomsoco okudingekayo kunikezwa ngemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi (i-Total Parenteral Nutrition). |
| Amasampula egazi | Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukuthatha igazi ukuze lihlolwe. |
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zokufakwa kwe-cannula ukuthi uma udinga ukwelashwa izinsuku eziningana, ungagwema ukuhlatshwa ngenaliti njalo.
Ngokuvamile, i-cannula ifakwa emthanjeni ngemuva kwesandla, ngaphakathi kwendololwane, noma emlenzeni. Kodwa-ke, ezinganeni ezincane, imithambo esekhanda labo ngezinye izikhathi ifakwa kulezo zindawo, njengoba kulula ukuzithola.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-cannula nezinye izinhlobo zemigqa?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa amanye amagama afana nomugqa we-PICC. Kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwalawa.
Umugqa we-PICC
Lona futhi ipayipi elifakwa emthanjeni, kodwa lide kakhulu futhi likhulu kune-cannula. Lifakwa ngomthambo ongalweni kanye nomthambo omkhulu esifubeni. Lisetshenziswa kubantu abadinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kakhulu , njengamasonto noma izinyanga. Kodwa khumbula, ukufaka i-cannula evamile kuphephile kakhulu, kulula, futhi akubuhlungu kakhulu kunomugqa we-PICC.
Umugqa ophakathi
Lolu olunye uhlobo olusetshenziswa ekwelashweni kwesikhathi eside. Lufushane kancane kunomugqa we-PICC. Ngezinye izikhathi lusetshenziswa kubantu abangakwazi ukufaka umugqa we-PICC.
Isebenza kanjani yonke inqubo yokufaka i-cannula?
Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela uma sikufaka lokhu. Lena inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
1. Ukulungiselela
Okokuqala, udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi aqinisekise ukuthi nguwe. Uma wesaba izinaliti, mtshele ngakho. Bazokusiza ukuthi uzole. Bese bekucela ukuthi ubeke isandla sakho endaweni ekhululekile.
2. Ukuthola umthambo
Okulandelayo, bageza izandla zabo kahle, bagqoke amagilavu, bese bethola umthambo omuhle nofanele engalweni noma emlenzeni wakho. Bakhetha umthambo oqondile noqinile ongahambi. Ukuze bakhiphe umthambo, bazofaka i-tourniquet engalweni yakho. Uzocelwa ukuthi ugobe ingalo yakho. Bazothinta iminwe yakho ukuze bathole umthambo ongcono kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kunzima ukuthola umthambo, bangasebenzisa idivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi idivayisi yokuthola imivimbo.
3. Ukuqinisa nokuhlanza isikhumba
Uma umthambo usutholakele, ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane, umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ongasetshenziswa endaweni. Uma ufakwa, linda imizuzu embalwa ukuze usebenze ngaphambi kokufaka i-cannula. Ngemuva kwalokho, indawo ihlanzwa kahle nge-antiseptic swab.
4. Ukufaka i-cannula
Manje yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokukwenza, bazokutshela into efana nokuthi, "Lokhu kuzolimaza kancane." Bese bedonsa isikhumba siqine, babeke inaliti ngaphansi kwesikhumba nge-engela encane, bese beyifaka emthanjeni. Ipayipi lepulasitiki (i-catheter) eliza nenaliti liqhubekela phambili kancane emthanjeni, bese udokotela ekhipha inaliti. Manje, ipayipi lepulasitiki kuphela elingaphakathi emthanjeni. Bese besusa i-tourniquet.
5. Vikela futhi uhlole
Ekugcineni, indawo ihlanzwa kahle bese i-cannula imbozwa nge-dressing esobala ukuze ibonakale. Ipayipi elixhunywe ku-cannula liyatheyipuwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunyakaza. Usuku nesikhathi i-cannula efakwe ngaso ngokuvamile kubhalwa etheyipini. Ngemuva kwalokho, intambo ihlanzwa nge-saline ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi intambo isebenza kahle yini nokuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza.
Yiziphi izingozi nezinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?
Okokuqala, izinkinga zokufaka i-cannula azivamile. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezincane kakhulu.
| Inkinga Engaba Khona | Lokho kusho... (Lokho kusho...) |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka | Amagciwane angena endaweni yokubhoboza noma egazini. |
| Ukulimala/iHematoma | Indawo lapho inaliti ifakwe khona iphenduka ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma iphume igazi. |
| Ukuqhekeka kwegazi (i-Thrombosis) | Amahlule egazi akheka eduze kwe-cannula ngaphakathi emthanjeni. |
| I-Phlebitis (ukuvuvukala komthambo) | Umthambo uyavuvukala, ube buhlungu, futhi uvuvuke. |
| Umthambo ovuvukile | Inalithi yashaya umthambo, yawulimaza futhi yabangela ukuthi umuthi uphume emthanjeni. |
Ubani ongase abe nobunzima bokufaka i-cannula?
Esikhathini esiningi, i-cannula ingafakwa ngempumelelo okokuqala. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, lokhu kungaba nzima kancane. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu.
- Uma uke waba nobunzima bokufaka i-cannula esikhathini esidlule.
- Uma kukhona ukuntuleka kwamanzi emzimbeni, lokho kusho ukuthi kukhona ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni .
- Kulabo abanemithambo emincane kakhulu lapho imithambo ingabonakali khona.
- Kulabo abanesikhumba esimnyama (ngoba kunzima ukuthola imithambo yegazi).
- Kulabo abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha njenge -Diabetes Mellitus kanye ne-Cancer .
- Kulabo abanesisindo esiphansi kakhulu noma abakhuluphele kakhulu.
- Kulabo abenza i-chemotherapy yomdlavuza.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-cannula (i-Peripheral IV) iyindlela evamile kakhulu nephephile esetshenziswa ukunikeza imithi, njenge-saline, ngqo emthanjeni.
- Uma ukhathazekile ngale nqubo noma ngenaliti, ungesabi ukutshela udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi . Bazokusiza.
- Uma indawo ye-cannula ibuhlungu kakhulu, ivuvukele, ibomvu, noma ikhipha uketshezi, tshela udokotela noma umhlengikazi ngokushesha.
- Njengoba ingagqokwa izinsuku eziningana (ngokuvamile izinsuku ezingu-3-4) uma isifakiwe, ikusindisa ekubeni uhlabe izinzipho zakho njalo.
- Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungayigcini kuwe, kodwa buza udokotela wakho.
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