Wake wahamba emgwaqweni wabe usuma ngokuzumayo lapho ubona imoto ivela eceleni? Noma wake wahlala ekamelweni wabheka phambili wabona othile ehamba ngekhoneni leso lakho? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi umbono ongaphandle . Sonke sisebenzisa leli khono ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke singaqapheli. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe namuhla.
Kuyini ukubona okuseceleni?
Kalula nje, uma ubheka phambili ngaphandle kokuhambisa ikhanda lakho, konke okubonayo emaceleni, ngaphezulu, nangaphansi kuyingxenye yokubona kwakho okuzungezile. Yingakho sithi "ukubona ngekhoneni leso lakho."
Lokho okubonayo uma ugxila ngqo kokuthile kubizwa ngokuthi umbono wakho oyinhloko . Lo mbono uhlala ucacile futhi ucacile.
Zicabange ufunda incwadi. Amehlo akho agxile ngokuphelele embhalweni. Lowo umbono wakho oyinhloko. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, awukwazi ukubona izinto ngale kwencwadi, njengebhodlela lamanzi etafuleni, noma umuntu odlulayo. Lokho umbono ongaphandle.
| Isici esibonakalayo | Umbono Ophakathi | Umbono Wendawo Ezungezile |
|---|---|---|
| Ukucaca | Kucacile futhi kucacile. Imininingwane ibonakala kahle. | Ukucaca akukuhle. Imininingwane ayibonakali kahle. |
| Ukuqashelwa kombala | Imibala ingahlukaniswa kahle kakhulu. | Ukuqashelwa kombala akukuhle. |
| Ukutholwa kokunyakaza | Kuhle, kodwa akuyona umsebenzi oyinhloko. | Kuyazwela kakhulu. Ngisho nokunyakaza okuncane kakhulu kutholakala ngokushesha. |
| Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko | Ukufunda, ukubona ubuso, ukubona imininingwane. | Ukuqaphela indawo okuzungezile lapho uhamba ngezinyawo, ushayela, noma udlala imidlalo. |
Kungani lo mbono ubalulekile kithi?
Ukubona kahle kubaluleke kakhulu emisebenzini yethu yansuku zonke kanye nakwezokuphepha.
Zicabange ushayela imoto. Ubheke phambili emgwaqweni. Kodwa kungenxa yombono wakho ongaphandle ukuthi ukwazi ukuqaphela izimoto ezivela kuzo zombili izinhlangothi kanye nabantu abawela umgwaqo. Ngokufanayo, umdlali wekhilikithi, ngenkathi egxile ekushayeni ibhola, unombono wokuthi abadlali bakuphi ngenxa yalo mbono. Futhi kungenxa yalo mbono okusiza ukuthi ugweme ukushayisana nento ethile eceleni lapho uhamba.
Yiziphi izingxenye zeso ezinikeza lo mbono?
Amehlo ethu afana nekhamera. Ngaphakathi kweso, ngemuva, kukhona isikrini esibizwa ngokuthi i-retina . Siqukethe izigidi zamaseli athwebula ukukhanya. Izithombe zalokho esikubonayo ziqoshwa kulesi sikrini.
- Ingxenye ye-retina ephakathi nendawo, futhi esinika umbono ocacile nobukhali kakhulu, ibizwa ngokuthi i-macula .
- Phakathi nendawo yayo kukhona indawo ebucayi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-fovea . Yilapho umbono wethu ophakathi uvela khona.
Ngakho-ke umbono ongaphandle uvelaphi? Uvela engxenyeni ephakathi ye-retina, i-macula, nezindawo ezizungezile. Nakuba lezo zindawo zinamaseli azwela ukukhanya, azikwazi ukunikeza umbono obukhali njenge-fovea. Yingakho izinto ezikuzungezile zingacacile njengoba zinjalo phakathi nendawo.
Kwenzekani uma ulahlekelwa umbono wakho?
Lesi simo, lapho ulahlekelwa khona ikhono lakho lokubona okukuzungezile bese ubona okuqondile phambili kuphela, sibizwa ngokuthi umbono womhubhe . Cabanga ugoqa iphepha bese ubheka umhlaba ngalo. Yilokho okuzwakalayo. Awukwazi ukubona lutho kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi. Lesi kungaba isimo esiyingozi kakhulu, njengoba kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke, ikakhulukazi ukushayela nokuhamba ngezinyawo.
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba ngenye indlela. Okusho ukuthi, uma ubona okungaphandle, indawo obheke phambili kuphela ebonakala njengechashaza elimnyama. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi (iCentral Scotoma) .
Ingabe kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa sengathi ubona izinto ngeso lakho?
Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ubone izinto ezifana namabhola amancane entambo, amachashazi amnyama, noma ama-spider webs entanta phambi kwamehlo akho. Siwabiza ngokuthi (ama-Eye floaters) . Njengoba siguga, into efana nejeli ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu (i-Vitreous Humor) iyancipha kancane. Bese kuthi, izingcezu zayo ezincane ziqhekeke bese zibonakala njengezintanta. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ubone nokukhanya okufana nombani. Lokhu ngokuvamile akulona ingozi.
Kodwa-ke, uma uhlala ubona izinto ezingekho ngempela—njengezimo, izibani, noma imigqa—kuyinto okufanele uyikhathalele.
- Mhlawumbe kuyimibono engekho .
- Noma, kungaba yisimo esifana ne -Charles Bonnet syndrome , lapho abantu abangaboni kahle kakhulu bebona izinto ezingekho.
Uma ubhekana nalezi zimpawu njalo, noma uma ubona eziningi zazo kunangaphambili, kungcono ukubona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha bese uhlolwa amehlo akho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi kwenzekani kudokotela kunokuqagela wedwa.
Uwuhlola kanjani lo mbono?
Uma uya kudokotela wamehlo, uzohlola umbono wakho ongaphandle. Kukhona ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-Visual Field Test . Okudingeka ukwenze nje ukubheka endaweni eyodwa ngaphandle kokunyakaza ikhanda lakho. Bese bezokubuza ukuthi uyakwazi yini ukubona izibani ezivela nxazonke zakho. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulula kakhulu, okungenabuhlungu. Lokhu kuzokutshela ukuthi ungabona kude kangakanani nokuthi unezinkinga zokubona.
Uhlala kanjani ubheka kahle eduze kwamehlo akho?
Amehlo ethu ayimpahla eyigugu kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sigcine umbono wethu uphilile.
- Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amehlo akho ahlolwe udokotela wamehlo okungenani kanye ngonyaka, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka engama-40.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo: Kuhle kakhulu ukuzivocavoca kahle nokudla ukudla okunempilo (ikakhulukazi izithelo, imifino, nenhlanzi).
- Ukulawula isisindo somzimba: Izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu obangelwa ukukhuluphala nazo zingathinta amehlo.
- Vikela amehlo akho: Gqoka izibuko zelanga zekhwalithi enhle uma ungaphandle elangeni. Lokhu kuzovikela amehlo akho emisebeni ye-UV eyingozi.
Uma unezinkinga zokubona, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngazo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuvivinya amehlo okukhethekile (ukwelashwa ngokubona) kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukubona kwakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umbono ongaphandle ubhekisela kulokho esikubonayo emaceleni nasezindaweni ezisizungezile lapho sibheka phambili ngaphandle kokunyakaza ikhanda lethu. Kubalulekile ekuphepheni kwethu kwansuku zonke.
- Lo mbono, nakuba ungacacile njengalapho ubheka phambili, muhle kakhulu ekutholeni ukunyakaza.
- Ukulahlekelwa umbono ongaphandle kubizwa ngokuthi "umbono womhubhe." Lokhu kungaba yisimo esibi kakhulu.
- Uma ubona njalo ukukhanya phambi kwamehlo akho noma ubona izinto ezingekho, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamehlo.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo kanye nokuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela amehlo akho ayigugu.
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