Ingabe unezinkinga ngemithambo yegazi yakho? Ake sifunde nge-Polyarteritis Nodosa!

Ngezinye izikhathi ezimpilweni zethu sizwa ngezifo esingakaze sizizwe, akunjalo? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esingavamile, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi sonke siqaphele. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Polyarteritis Nodosa , noma i-PAN ngamafuphi. Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe leli gama ngaphambili. Kodwa kulungile, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Iyini le Polyarteritis Nodosa?

Kalula nje, i-polyarthritis nodosa (i-PAN) yisimo esingavamile lapho imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu ivuvukala, noma ivuvukala. Kwezokwelapha, lolu hlobo lokuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi lubizwa ngokuthi i-vasculitis . Kulesi simo, i-PAN ithinta kakhulu imithambo yegazi ephakathi nendawo emzimbeni wethu.

Cabanga ngale ndlela: imithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu yonke ifana namapayipi amanzi. Lawa mapayipi athwala umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezidingwa yizitho zethu zomzimba. Ngakho-ke, lapho le mithambo yegazi ivuvukala, njengoba nje ipayipi lamanzi livaleka, igazi aligelezi kahle kulezo zitho zomzimba. Khona-ke ukusebenza kwalezo zitho zomzimba kungaphazamiseka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungaze kume ngokuphelele.

Lokhu kuyithinta kanjani imithambo yegazi?

Lesi simo se-PAN singalimaza imithambo yegazi ngezindlela ezahlukene:

• Imithambo yegazi ingaba buthakathaka futhi inwebeke, njengepayipi elidala lerabha. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi ikhukhumale njengebhaluni, okubangela lokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-aneurysms .
• Izindonga zemithambo yegazi zingaba zincane futhi ziqhume, okuvumela igazi ukuthi livuze ezicutshini ezizungezile.
• Imithambo yegazi ingancipha noma ivaleke ngokuphelele . Uma lokhu kwenzeka, isitho esithola igazi kulowo mthambo wegazi sizolahlekelwa umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba futhi sizolimala.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma imithambo yegazi yonakele ngale ndlela, ukusebenza kwezitho ezonakele kungancishiswa noma kulahleke ngokuphelele.

Yiziphi izitho zomzimba ezithinteka kakhulu yi-PAN?

Izitho ezivame ukuthinteka kakhulu yi-polyarthritis nodosa yilezi:

• Izinso
• Ukuhlangana
• Imizwa (elawula umuzwa kanye nokusebenza kwezitho zethu)
• Umgudu wokudla (njengamathumbu)
• Isikhumba
• Imisipha

Ngokuvamile, umuntu one-PAN uzoba nezimpawu ezindaweni ezingaphezu kweyodwa. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu esikhumbeni kuphela (i-cutaneous PAN). Ngisho nalapho, odokotela bazoqhubeka nokukuqapha ukuze babone ukuthi ezinye izitho zithintekile yini.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-polyarthritis nodosa ngokuvamile ayibangeli izimpawu emaphashini.

I-polyarthritis nodosa (PAN) ingavamile kangakanani?

Lokhu ngempelaKuyisifo esingavamile kakhulu. Cabanga nje, kubantu abayisigidi eMelika, abantu abangaphansi kweshumi batholakala benalesi sifo minyaka yonke. Isimo siyafana naseNgilandi. Ngakho ungacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungavamile kangakanani.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingabonakala kulesi sifo?

Ngenxa yokuthi i-PAN ithinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba, izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• Ukuzizwa ungaphilile kahle: Ukuzizwa nje sengathi kukhona okungahambi kahle.
• Ukukhathala: Akukhona nje ukukhathala, kodwa nomuzwa wokuphelelwa amandla. Ngisho nalapho uvuka ekuseni, uzizwa sengathi awusenawo amandla asele.
• Ukujuluka ebusuku: Ukujuluka kakhulu ngenkathi ulele.
• Umkhuhlane: Umkhuhlane oqhamuka ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo: Awuzizwa sengathi ufuna ukudla, ngakho-ke wehlisa isisindo.
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha kanye/noma amalunga: Ngezinye izikhathi, umkhuhlane ungahambisana nobuhlungu bamalunga, obungazwakala njengeqhubu enyameni. Bungaba bukhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokuhamba kahle.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Lokhu akwenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa kungenzeka kwabanye abantu.
• Izilonda zesikhumba: Ngezinye izikhathi zingabonakala njengezimbotshana eziqinile nezibuhlungu esikhumbeni, noma zingabonakala njengezilonda.
• Ubuhlungu besisu: Kungase kube nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu obungazelelwe, ngezinye izikhathi obuhambisana nesicanucanu.
• Igazi endle noma emchameni: Lesi yisibonakaliso esingathi sína futhi kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Amasende abuhlungu: Amadoda angabhekana nalesi sibonakaliso.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukulahlekelwa amandla ezingalweni noma emilenzeni: Lokhu kungenzeka uma imizwa ithintekile.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kungcono ungesabi futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Yini ebangela i-polyarthritis nodosa (PAN)?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-polyarthritis nodosa. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ihlobene nokuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo (okungukuthi, into eyenzeka emindenini) noma izifo ezahlukahlukene zegazi.

Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakhoKudlala indima enkulu kulokhu. Isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela sinjengebutho elivikela imizimba yethu ezifweni. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, leli butho liqala ngephutha ukuhlasela amangqamuzana alo. Ngokufanayo, ku-PAN, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela silimaza imithambo yegazi nezicubu zaso, okubangela ukuvuvukala.

Enye into ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-hepatitis B (futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukutheleleka nge-hepatitis C) kungaba yimbangela yalesi simo. Kuyinto enhle ukuthi selokhu kwethulwa umuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis B, inani lemibiko yalesi sifo se-PAN lehle kakhulu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo? (Izici Eziyingozi)

Kunezici eziningana eziyingozi ezandisa ingozi yokuthola i-polyarthritis nodosa:

• Amadoda anamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo kunabesifazane.
• Abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-45 no-65 nabo basengozini enkulu.
• Kubantu abanesifo se-Hepatitis B.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-PAN?

Uma lesi sifo singelashwa kahle, kungase kube nezinkinga ezinkulu. Lezi zinkinga zifaka:

• Ama-Aneurysms , okuyizikhukhula nobuthakathaka bemithambo yegazi, angavela emithanjeni yegazi eholela esibindini nasezinso. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni uma kuqhuma.
• Amahlule egazi angakheka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi (lokhu akuvamile kakhulu).
• Ukulimala kwezicubu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba.
• I-Gangrene yisimo lapho izicubu zifa khona.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo (lokhu akuvamile).
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso (lokhu akuvamile).

Yingakho kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu.

Itholakala kanjani i-polyarthritis nodosa (PAN)?

Udokotela usebenzisa izici eziningana ukuxilonga i-polyarthritis nodosa:

• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha: Izinto ezifana nezifo oke waba nazo ngaphambilini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezifo ezifanayo.
• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba: Udokotela uzokuxilonga ukuze abone ukuthi yiziphi izitho zomzimba ezithintekile nokuthi unezinye izimo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe okukhethekile.

Yiziphi izivivinyo zokuxilonga?

Udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nokuhlolwa komchamo: Lokhu kunganikeza umbono wokuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala emzimbeni noma ukuthi kukhona yini izitho zomzimba ezithintekile.
• Ama-X-ray.
• I-CT Angiogram (I-Computed Tomography - I-CT angiogram): Lokhu kungasiza ekuhloleni kangcono isimo semithambo yegazi.
• I-MRA Scan (Magnetic Resonance Angiogram - MRA scans): Lena enye indlela yokuhlola imithambo yegazi.
• I-Biopsy: Uma ezinye izivivinyo zibonisa noma yini engajwayelekile, ingxenye encane yezicubu ezithintekile iyathathwa bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Yilokhu okuzoqinisekisa ukutholakala kwe-vasculitis.

Iphathwa kanjani i-polyarthritis nodosa (PAN)?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-polyarthritis nodosa imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba, enciphisa ukusebenza kwesimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela .

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emithanjeni yegazi. Uma lokhu kuvuvukala sekuphelile futhi isifo sesilawulwa, odokotela bathi "usekukhululweni," okusho ukuthi isifo seselaphekile. Njengoba isimo sakho sithuthuka, umthamo wemithi ungancishiswa kancane kancane futhi ekugcineni uyekwe.

Izinhlobo zemithi esetshenziswayo

Uma i-PAN ithinte izinhlelo zakho ezinkulu zezitho (isibonelo, izinso, inhliziyo, uhlelo lwezinzwa), kungadingeka usebenzise izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zemithi. Ukwelashwa okuvamile kungafaka:

• Imithi ye -corticosteroid , njenge -prednisone noma i-prednisolone, inganikezwa. Le mithi inciphisa ukuvuvukala ngokushesha.
• Ngesikhathi esifanayo, omunye umuthi wokucindezela amasosha omzimba, njenge- cyclophosphamide, unganikezwa.

Abantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza banikezwa imithamo ephezulu ye-cyclophosphamide. Kodwa-ke, abantu abane-vasculitis banikezwa imithamo ephansi ngokuphindwe kayishumi kuya kweyikhulu kunomthamo onikezwa umdlavuza. Kubantu abane-polyarthritis nodosa, lo muthi usebenza ngokunciphisa ijubane lesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokusivimba ekubangeleni ukuvuvukala.

I-Cyclophosphamide ivame ukusetshenziswa kuze kube yilapho isifo siphela, okungathatha cishe izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Ngemva kwalokho, ungashintshelwa kwenye imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba, njenge -methotrexate noma i-azathioprine, ukuze uvimbele isifo ukuthi singabuyi (ukulungiswa).

Ubude besikhathi osidingayo ukuze uthathe lo muthi wokulondoloza wokucindezela amasosha omzimba buyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Iningi labantu lidinga ukuthatha lo muthi okungenani unyaka noma emibili, ngemva kwalokho udokotela wakho uzonciphisa kancane kancane umthamo bese enquma ukuyeka.

Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, uma isimo sakho se-PAN singazange sithinte isimiso sakho sezinzwa, inhliziyo, izinso, noma amathumbu, kunabantu abangase bazuze ngemithi ye-corticosteroid kuphela.

Yelapha i-hepatitis kubantu abanezifo ze-vasculitis njenge-PAN ezihambisana nokutheleleka kwe-hepatitis B.Imithi yokulwa namagciwane nayo inganikezwa.

Masiqaphele nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa.

Le mithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba ingabangela eminye imiphumela emibi. Isibonelo, ukushintsha kwemizwa, ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka, kanye nokuvuvukala. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka kakhulu le miphumela emibi. Ngemuva kwalokho ingavinjelwa noma incishiswe. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe ubekezelela umuthi ekuqaleni, imiphumela emibi ingenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqhubeka ungaphansi kokuqashwa ngudokotela. Kwezinye izimo, udinga ukukhathazeka ngemiphumela yesikhathi eside ngisho nangemva kokuyeka umuthi.

Uma uthatha imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba wakho, ikhono lakho lokulwa nezifo liyancipha kancane. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola imijovo yokukuvikela ezifweni ezifana nomkhuhlane noma i-pneumonia kungaba usizo olukhulu.

Yini ongayilindela uma uphila nesimo se-PAN?

Kwabanye abantu, i-polyarthritis nodosa ikhula kancane. Kwabanye, ingaba yingozi kakhulu ngokushesha futhi isongela nokuphila phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa. Ikakhulukazi, labo abanezimpawu zesimiso sokugaya ukudla, inhliziyo, izinso, kanye/noma isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko bangase babe nesimo sengqondo esibi kunalabo abangenaso.

Kodwa-ke, yize i-polyarthritis nodosa ingaba yisifo esiphuthumayo nesingathi sína, iningi labantu abane-PAN lilulama kahle kakhulu . Ukuthi ululama kahle kangakanani kuncike ebunzimeni besimo sakho. Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-polyarthritis nodosa yakho inzima kangakanani, ngokwelashwa okusheshayo nokubhekwa eduze kwezokwelapha, ungafinyelela ukuthethelelwa.

Ngemva kokululama, i-polyarthritis nodosa ingaphinde ivele noma iphinde ivele . Amathuba okuthi lokhu kwenzeke ahluka kusuka ku-10% kuya ku-40%. Izimpawu zokubuyela emuva zingase zifane nalezo zalapho lesi sifo sitholakala okokuqala, noma zingase zihluke. Ukwelashwa kokubuyela emuva kufana nokomuntu osanda kuthola lesi sifo. Iningi labantu abane-polyarthritis nodosa lingalulama.

I-Outlook yesimo se-PAN

Uma uthola ukwelashwa kwe-polyarthritis nodosa, unethuba okungenani elingu-80% lokusinda iminyaka emihlanu. Kodwa-ke, uma ungatholi ukwelashwa, ithuba lakho lokusinda iminyaka emihlanu lehla libe ngaphansi kuka-15% . Lokhu kubonisa ukubaluleka kokwelashwa, akunjalo?

Ingabe i-polyarthritis nodosa (PAN) ingavinjelwa?

Ezinye izinto ezingabangela i-polyarthritis nodosa, njengobudala, azinakushintshwa. Kodwa-ke, kukhona umuthi wokugomela ongavikela i-hepatitis B, engabangela i-PAN kwabanye abantu. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola umuthi wokugomela kungakusiza ekuvikeleni kulesi sifo ngezinga elithile.

Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani? (Ukuzinakekela)

Kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze uvimbele ukubuyela emuva okukhulu:

• Yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha. Ngisho noma kuyizincane nje, tshela udokotela wakho .
• Bona udokotela wakho ngesikhathi (ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela). Qiniseka ukuthi uya kohlolwa ngezinsuku ezishiwo udokotela wakho.
• Thola ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri okuqaphayo njengokuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwe kahle.

Ngokwenza lezi zinto ngendlela efanele, ungaqapha isimo sakho bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma kudingeka.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezinye zezimpawu ze-PAN, bheka udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko. Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo esifubeni futhi uphefumula kanzima, hamba uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ungakuhlehlisi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yimiphi imithi engcono kakhulu kimi?
• Ingabe ikhona iqembu lokusekela elingangisiza?
• Ungakwazi yini ukuthola imbangela engaba khona yalesi sifo?
• Kuzodingeka ngithathe umuthi isikhathi esingakanani?

Ukubhekana nezimpawu ze-polyarthritis nodosa kanye nemiphumela emibi yemithi kungaba nzima ngezinye izikhathi. Uma udinga ukukhuluma nomuntu oqonda isimo sakho, ungesabi ukufuna usizo lomeluleki. Futhi ungalokothi unqikaze ukubuza udokotela wakho nganoma yini ongayiqondi kahle.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye nawo ekhaya

I-Polyarthritis nodosa (PAN) yisimo esingavamile kodwa esingaba yingozi. Kodwa-ke, ungesabi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi simo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu, bese uthola ukwelashwa okufanele.

Khumbula, ngokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi abane-PAN bakwazile ukulawula isimo sabo futhi baphile impilo ejwayelekile. Awuwedwa, futhi kukhona odokotela nochwepheshe bezempilo abangakusiza.

Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo! Hlala uphilile!

I- Polyarthritis nodosa, i-PAN, i-vasculitis, ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi, amasosha omzimba, i-hepatitis B, ama-corticosteroids