Ingabe nawe ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho lapho uhamba futhi unenkinga yokunyakaza kwamehlo akho? Kungaba yi-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)!

Ingabe uzithola ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho futhi uwe njalo uma uhamba? Noma ingabe ukuthola kunzima ukulawula amehlo akho uma uzama ukubheka phansi? Mhlawumbe uke wabona othile omaziyo enale nkinga. Lezi kungaba ezinye zezimpawu zokuqala zesimo esingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi i-PSP, noma i-Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla. Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe.

Iyini i-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lesi sifo esinegama elide elithi PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) siyini. Kalula nje, yisifo sezinzwa esiqhubekayo esonakalisa izingxenye zobuchopho bethu. Singathinta izinto ezifana nendlela ohamba ngayo, indlela ocabanga ngayo, indlela ogwinya ngayo, kanye nendlela oshukumisa ngayo amehlo akho. Siphinde sibe namanye amagama, okuhlanganisa ne-Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome.

Bheka manje, kulula uma uqonda amanye amagama asegameni.

• "Ukuqhubeka" kusho, njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, ukuthi lezi zimpawu ziya ziba zimbi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isizathu salokhu ubuthakathaka obuncane kancane bamangqamuzana obuchopho (isimo sokuwohloka kwemizwa).
• Amagama athi "Supranuclear" kanye nelithi "Palsy" ahlanganiswe ukuchaza isimo esithinta ukunyakaza kwamehlo. Igama elithi "Supranuclear" lisho ukuthi umonakalo ungaphezu kwe-nuclei ebuchosheni elawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo. Igama elithi "Palsy" lisho ukuthi imisipha ibuthakathaka noma inenkinga yokuyisebenzisa.

Khumbula, i-PSP ngezinye izikhathi ingadidaniswa nesifo sikaParkinson, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi sifo. Odokotela babiza lesi sifo ngokuthi "i-atypical parkinsonian syndrome" noma "i-Parkinson-plus disorder." Lokhu kusho ukuthi nakuba inezimpawu ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson, iyisimo esihlukile nesiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kodwa khumbula, i-PSP ithuthuka ngokushesha kakhulu kunesifo sikaParkinson.

Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi umuntu ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-40 abe naso.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko, noma ama-phenotype, e-PSP. Nakuba zonke lezi zinhlobo zinezimpawu ezifanayo, kunezinye umehluko omncane. Izinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

1. Isifo sikaRichardson

2. Uhlobo olufana nesifo sikaParkinson (uhlobo olufana ne-PD - PSP-P)

Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zimelela cishe ama-75% eziguli ze-PSP.

Umuntu one- Richardson syndrome angase abe nezimpawu eziningi ezilandelayo:

• Izinkinga ngokuhamba kanye nokulinganisela.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokukhuluma (inkulumo engacacile, izinguquko zezwi).
• Izinkinga ngenkumbulo kanye nekhono lokucabanga.
• Ubunzima bokulawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo (ikakhulukazi uma ubheka phansi).
• Isimo sobuso njengokungathi ubheke phambili ngamehlo abanzi.

Abantu abane -Parkinson's disease-like variant (PSP-P) banezimpawu ezifana neze-Richardson syndrome, kodwa zifana kakhulu nesifo sikaParkinson. Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuthuthumela (ukuthuthumela okubangelwa ukufinyela kwemisipha okungahleliwe). Ukuthuthumela kugqame kakhulu kunezinkinga zokulinganisela kanye nezinguquko zokuziphatha. I-PSP-P isabela kakhulu emithini yokulwa ne-Parkinsonian kunezinye izinhlobo ze-PSP.

Ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ezingavamile yilezi:

• I-Corticobasal syndrome.
• Ukuqandisa okumsulwa kwe-akinesia kanye nokuhamba (ubunzima bokuhamba kanye nokuqandisa ngenkathi uhamba).

Ingabe i-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) iyisifo esivamile?

Cha, i-PSP iyisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe abantu abahlanu kuphela kwabayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu abanalesi simo. Oyedwa kuphela kwabayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu otholakala enesifo njalo ngonyaka. Ngakho-ke ungabona ukuthi lokhu kuyinto engavamile kangakanani.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Izimpawu ze-PSP zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ngokuvamile ziqala kancane kancane futhi kancane kancane ziba zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kweminyaka.

Izimpawu zokuqala ezivame kakhulu kungaba:

• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi lapho uhamba noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi. Lokhu kungaholela ekuweni njalo, ikakhulukazi emuva.
• Ubunzima bokubheka phansi ngamehlo.
• Isimo sobuso njengokungathi ubheke phambili ngamehlo abanzi.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingase zibonakale zifaka:

• Ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla nokuphuza.
• Ukuqina kwemisipha kwenza kube nzima ukuhambisa umzimba (ukunyakaza).
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma. Izwi lingase libe lincane futhi lingaqondakali. Kungase kube nzima nokuphimisa amagama.
• Ukushintsha kwesimo sengqondo: ukucindezeleka, ukunganaki, ukucasuka.
• Izinguquko zobuntu.
• Izinguquko zokuziphatha: ukwenza ngendlela engenandaba, ukungakwazi ukukhetha okulungile kokungalungile.
• I-Dementia (ukwehla kancane kancane kwenkumbulo nokuhlakanipha).
• Ukungalali.
• Isifo sokuziphatha sokulala se-REM (RBD) (ukukhala nokukhubeka kwamalungu ngesikhathi samaphupho).
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya okukhulu (i-photophobia).

Yini ebangela i-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Ososayensi abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-PSP. Kodwa-ke,Kutholakale ukuthi iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi "i-tau" ihilelekile kulokhu. I-Tau iyiphrotheni ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yobuchopho bethu. Yile phrotheni evikela isakhiwo esijwayelekile samaseli obuchopho (ama-neurons).

Uma une-PSP, lawa ma-protein e-tau ebuchosheni bakho ayahlangana futhi akhe ama-aggregate. Lawa ma-protein e-tau abese elimaza amangqamuzana obuchopho. Abacwaningi baphakamisa izizathu eziningana ezingaba khona zalokhu:

• Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okungahleliwe.
• Izinto ezithelelanayo ezingaziwa.
• Ikhemikhali engaziwa etholakala endaweni esikuyo (umoya, amanzi, ukudla) elimaza kancane kancane ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho ezibucayi.

I-PSP ayithinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Ithinta izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho ezigabeni ezahlukene zesifo, ngamazinga ahlukene. Ekugcineni, i-PSP isakazekela engxenyeni enkulu yobuchopho. Ezigabeni zokuqala, lesi simo sivame ukuthinta i-basal ganglia kanye ne-brainstem.

I-brainstem yakho inesibopho semisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile, njengokugwinya kanye nokuma komzimba. I-basal ganglia ikusiza futhi ukuthi ugcine ukuma komzimba, ushukumise amehlo akho, ucabange, futhi ulawule imizwa yakho.

Ingabe i-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) iwufuzo?

Cha, i-PSP ayivamile. Uma une-PSP, ingozi yokuthi amanye amalungu omndeni wakho, okuhlanganisa nezingane zakini nezingane, incane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Isici esiyinhloko sengozi yokuthola i-PSP ubudala. Ingozi yakho yokuthola i-PSP iyanda uma uneminyaka engu-60 noma ngaphezulu. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane.

Yiziphi izinkinga ze-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Njengoba i-PSP iqhubeka, iziguli zivame ukulahlekelwa ukulawula imisipha emlonyeni wazo, emphinjeni, nasolimini.

Ukulahlekelwa ukulawula imisipha yomphimbo kungenza kube nzima ukugwinya ukudla nokuphuza. Lokhu kungaholela esidingweni sepayipi lokudla ukuze kuvinjelwe ukudla ukuthi kungabambeki kanye nokutheleleka esifubeni.

Abantu abaningi abane-PSP nabo banezinkinga ngokusebenza kwamathumbu kanye nesinye. Isibonelo:

• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Ubunzima bokuchama.
• Ukuchama njalo ebusuku.
• Ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okungenasidingo (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba).
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo.

I-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) ihlolwa kanjani?

I-PSP ingaba nzima kancane kodokotela ukuyixilonga ngokunembile. Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, ingadidaniswa nesifo sikaParkinson, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala.Okwamanje akukho ukuhlolwa okuqondile okungaxilonga i-PSP. Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho kanye nokuhlolwa kwezithombe okuthatha izithombe zobuchopho bakho.

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-PSP, cishe uzoyala ukuthi kuhlolwe ubuchopho bakho nge-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) . Lokhu kungasusa ezinye izimo ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho, njengesifo sikaParkinson noma isifo sohlangothi. Futhi, uma i-MRI ibonisa ukushwabana ebuchosheni obuphakathi, kwandisa amathuba okuba une-PSP.

Ukuze uhlole lesi sifo ngokunembile, cishe kuzodingeka ubonane nodokotela wezinzwa ochwepheshe besifo sikaParkinson kanye nezinkinga zokunyakaza.

Nakuba kunezimpawu eziningi ze-PSP, uphawu oluyinhloko oluqinisekisa lesi sifo ubunzima bokuhambisa amehlo phezulu naphansi. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukuwa njalo kanye nobunzima bokugwinya.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa noma ukwelashwa kwe-PSP. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezingasiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Izinketho zokwelapha zifaka:

• Imithi yomlomo.
• Ukwelashwa kokunyakaza.
• Ukwelashwa kwamehlo.
• I-Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) - ukudla ngepayipi elifakwe esiswini.
• Ukunakekelwa kobuhlungu.

Kungase kube nezivivinyo zezokwelapha ze-PSP ongazibandakanya kuzo. Buza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngalokhu.

Imithi yomlomo

Imithi yokulwa ne-Parkinsonian ngezinye izikhathi ingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ze-PSP. Ingaqeda okwesikhashana izimpawu ezifana nezinkinga zokulinganisela, ukuqina kwemisipha, ukunyakaza okuhamba kancane, kanye nokuthuthumela. Kodwa-ke, ayisebenzi ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke umuntu. Imithi evame kakhulu ye-PSP yile:

• I-Levodopa (isb. i-Atamet®, i-Rytary®, i-Sinemet®).
• I-Levodopa enezidakamizwa zokulwa ne-cholinergic.
• I-Amantadine (isib. i-Symmetrel®).

Imithi yokwelapha ukucindezeleka isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukucindezeleka. Odokotela bangase bakunike le mithi ukuze bakusize ubhekane nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo ezibangelwa yi-PSP. Imithi yokucindezeleka evame kakhulu ukunikezwa yile:

• I-Fluoxetine (isib. i-Prozac®).
• I-Amitriptyline (isib. i-Elavil®).
• I-Imipramine (isib. iTofranil®).

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo (ukwelashwa ngokukhuluma) kuyindlela enhle yokusiza ngezinkinga zempilo yengqondo nokuphila nalesi sifo.

Ukwelashwa kokunyakaza

Lokhu kwelashwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni ezinye zezimpawu ze-PSP:

• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kusiza ukulawula izinto ezinjengobuhlungu, ukuqina komzimba, kanye nobunzima bokuhambahamba.
• Ukwelashwa Kwemisebenzi: Uchwepheshe Wezokwelapha Ngemisebenzi ngumuntu okusiza ukuthi uthuthukise ikhono lakho lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Bangakufundisa ukuthi ungama kanjani, uhlale, uzulazule, noma usebenzise imishini ehlukahlukene ukuze wenze umsebenzi wakho ngokuphepha.
• Ukwelapha ngenkulumo: Abelaphi benkulumo basiza abantu ukuba banqobe ubunzima bokukhuluma nokugwinya.

Ukwelashwa kwamehlo

Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingasiza ngezinkinga ezahlukahlukene zamehlo:

• Imijovo ye-Botox® (botulinum toxin): Uma unenkinga yokulawula amehlo akho, imijovo ye-Botox ingaphumuza imisipha yejwabu leso okwesikhashana.
• Amaconsi amehlo kanye nezinyembezi zokwenziwa: Lokhu kungasiza ekumanziseni amehlo akho uma amehlo akho omile ngenxa yokuncipha kokugcotshwa kwamehlo.
• Izibuko ezikhethekile: Izibuko ezikhethekile ezinamalensi e-prism zikusiza ukuthi ubone izinto ezingaphansi komugqa wakho wokubona.
• Izibuko ezigoqekayo: Uma uzwela ukukhanya okukhulu, ukugqoka izibuko ezimnyama ezigoqekayo emehlweni akho, njengezibuko zelanga, kungakunikeza impumuzo.

I-Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG)

Uma i-PSP inzima, ungafinyelela eqophelweni lapho ungakwazi ukugwinya noma yikuphi ukudla noma isiphuzo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza. Ngaphambi kokuba ufike kulelo qophelo, udokotela wakho angase akuncomele i-percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) .

Kalula nje, i-PEG inqubo lapho udokotela ohlinzayo efaka khona ipayipi esiswini sakho liye esiswini sakho. Ukudla kwakho, imithi, kanye noketshezi kungena emzimbeni wakho ngaleli payipi.

Ukunakekelwa kobuhlungu

Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative kuyindlela ekhethekile yokunakekelwa enikeza ukukhululeka kwezimpawu, induduzo, kanye nokusekelwa kubantu abaphila nezifo ezingathi sína njenge-PSP. Akusekeli isiguli kuphela, kodwa futhi nabanakekeli babo kanye nomndeni.

Lokhu kunakekelwa kungaphezu kokwelashwa okuthola kodokotela bakho ukuze kukusize uphathe i-PSP yakho. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Palliative kunikeza ukwesekwa kwezokwelapha, kwezenhlalo, kanye nokwengqondo okudingayo ukuze uphile ngokunethezeka futhi ubhekane nesifo esibucayi.

Iyini i-prognosis ye-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)? (Isibikezelo)

Isibikezelo se-PSP ngokuvamile asisihle. Izimpawu ziya ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi okwamanje akukho ikhambi lokubuyisela emuva noma lokuyeka i-PSP. Kodwa-ke, uma usheshe uxilongwe futhi uqala uhlelo lokwelashwa, izinga lempilo yakho lingaba ngcono.

Abantu abaningi abane-PSP bagcina bedinga isihlalo sabakhubazekile. Bangase badinge ukunakekelwa kwesikhashana noma isikhathi esigcwele zingakapheli iminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine yesifo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinkinga ezivela ku-PSP zingaba yingozi empilweni.

Ingakanani iminyaka yokuphila yomuntu one-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Abantu abane-PSP bavame ukuphila iminyaka engaba yisithupha kuya kweyisishiyagalolunye ngemva kokuxilongwa, kodwa lokhu kungahluka.

Izimpawu ze-PSP zandisa ingozi yokuba ne-pneumonia, okungaba yingozi. Imbangela evame kakhulu yokufa phakathi kwabantu abane-PSP yi-aspiration pneumonia. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukudla neziphuzo kungena ngephutha emaphashini ngombhobho womoya ngoba imisipha yomphimbo ibuthakathaka futhi ayihambisani kahle.

Abantu abane-PSP nabo basengozini enkulu yokuwa. Ukuwa kungaholela ekuphukeni kwamathambo kanye nokulimala ekhanda. Ukuwa okubangela ukulimala okukhulu nakho kuyimbangela evamile yokufa phakathi kwabantu abane-PSP.

Ingabe i-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) ingavinjelwa?

Ngenxa yokuthi abacwaningi abasazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-PSP, okwamanje ayikho indlela yokuyivimbela.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Kuzodingeka ubone ithimba lakho lezokwelapha njalo ukuze uqaphe inqubekela phambili yezimpawu zakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lusebenza kahle.

Uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikukhathazayo , shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Ukuthola ukuthi une-PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) kungaba nzima ukubhekana nayo. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuthi wakhe uhlelo lokuphatha izimpawu oluqondene nawe. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwesekwa okudingayo futhi uhlale ugxile empilweni yakho. Khumbula, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lihlala likhona ukukusekela wena nomndeni wakho.

Okokugcina, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule

I-PSP iyisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi nesingavamile. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela, ukuqaphela izimpawu kusenesikhathi, nokufuna iseluleko nokwelashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

• Qaphela izimpawu zakuqala: Qaphela izinto ezinjengobunzima bokuhamba, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, kanye nobunzima bokubheka phansi.
• Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha: Uma ungabaza, bonana nodokotela wezinzwa ukuze akuhlole.
• Qhubeka nokwelashwa: Nakuba lesi sifo singelapheki, kunezindlela zokwelapha zokulawula izimpawu nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila.
• Cabanga ngempilo yakho yengqondo: Kubalulekile ukuhlala uqinile engqondweni uma uphila nesimo esinjengalesi. Funa iseluleko uma kudingeka.
• Qaphela izinsizakalo zokusekela: Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukwelashwa ngokomsebenzi, ukwelashwa kokukhuluma, kanye nokunakekelwa kobuhlungu nakho kungakusiza.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho ebhekene nale nkinga, ungahlupheki wedwa. Ngosizo lwezokwelapha olufanele kanye nokunakekelwa kwabathandekayo, ungabhekana nale nselele.

I- PSP, i-Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, Isifo Sobuchopho, Isifo Sezinzwa, i-Parkinson's, Izinkinga Zokunyakaza, Ibhalansi