Uma unomuntu omthandayo one-Down Syndrome emndenini wakho, kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo ehlukahlukene, futhi mhlawumbe nokwesaba okuncane, ngempilo yakhe njengoba ekhula. Ikakhulukazi, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi "Isifo sika-Alzheimer" kakhulu. Cishe uke wazibuza kakhulu ngokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukuxhumana phakathi kwalezi zifo ezimbili. Vele, kukhona. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba wesabe, ake sixoxe ngakho ngokucacile, kalula, nangokulula.
Kungani kuthiwa abantu abane-Down syndrome basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Alzheimer's?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga ukubuyela engxenyeni eyisisekelo yemizimba yethu. Lawo ama-chromosome ethu. Kalula nje, la ma-chromosome afana 'nemiyalelo' kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu. Konke kusukela embala wezinwele zethu kuya ekuphakameni kwethu kunqunywa izakhi zofuzo eziqukethwe yila ma-chromosome. Ngokuvamile, umuntu unamakhophi amabili ohlobo ngalunye lwe-chromosome.
Kodwa-ke, umuntu one-Down syndrome unekhophi eyengeziwe ye-chromosome 21, okungukuthi, amakhophi amathathu . Nansi indlela ehlobene ngayo nesifo i-Alzheimer's: I-gene efundisa ukukhiqizwa kweprotheni eyingozi (i-beta-amyloid) efakwa ebuchosheni lapho isifo i-Alzheimer's siqala itholakala kule chromosome efanayo 21.
Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuthi kunekhophi eyengeziwe ye-chromosome 21, umuntu one-Down syndrome ukhiqiza le phrotheni eyingozi kakhulu ebuchosheni bakhe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, la maprotheni ayaqoqana futhi ahlale eduze kwamangqamuzana obuchopho, awonakalise lawo maseli futhi aqale ukuwabhubhisa. Yilokhu okwenzekayo esifweni i-Alzheimer's.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imizimba nobuchopho babantu abane-Down syndrome kuguga ngokushesha kunomuntu ojwayelekile (ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi) . Okusho ukuthi, umzimba womuntu oneminyaka engu-45 ubudala one-Down syndrome ungase ufane nomzimba womuntu oneminyaka engu-65 noma engu-70 ubudala emphakathini jikelele. Lokhu kuguga okusheshayo nakho kuyimbangela enkulu yokuqala kwesifo i-Alzheimer's kusenesikhathi.
Zibonakala kanjani izimpawu? Ingabe zihlukile ezimpawini ezivamile ze-Alzheimer's?
Yebo, leli iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Izimpawu zesifo i-Alzheimer kumuntu one-Down syndrome zingase zihluke kancane ezimpawu zomuntu ojwayelekile. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukubona lesi simo.
Uma sicabanga ngesifo i-Alzheimer's, sivame ukucabanga ngokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo. Kodwa kumuntu one-Down syndrome, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kungase kungabi uphawu lokuqala . Ezinye izinguquko zingase zibonwe kuqala.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi lezo zinguquko kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isibonakaliso | Ukuthi kubukeka kanjani kumuntu one-Down syndrome |
|---|---|
| Umsebenzi wansuku zonke | Izinto owawukwazi ukuzenza wedwa, njengokugqoka, ukudla, ukugeza, nokwenza itiye, zidinga usizo. Intshisekelo nekhono lokwenza lezo zinto liyancipha kancane kancane. |
| Izinguquko zokuziphatha | Kungazelelwe, baba nenkani, baziphathe ngendlela engenangqondo, bacasuke, noma baqale ukuma buthule, bengenandaba nolunye uhlangothi lwayo, ngaphandle kokukhuluma. |
| Ukuquleka Okusha Kokuqala | Lesi yisibonakaliso esibaluleke kakhulu. Uma umuntu ongakaze abe nokuxhuzula empilweni yakhe eqala ukuba nokuxhuzula okusha ngemva kweminyaka engama-40, kungaba uphawu lwesifo i-Alzheimer's. |
| Inkumbulo kanye nekhono lokucabanga | Nakuba ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kungase kungabonakali ekuqaleni, kungenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kuba nzima ukukhumbula izinto ezintsha. Amandla okukhetha okulungile kokungalungile nokwenza izinqumo ayancipha. |
| Ubunzima bokukhuluma | Ungase uqale ukukhuluma kancane, ube nobunzima bokuthola amagama, noma uhlaze amagama akho. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona ushintsho ekuziphatheni okuvamile kwengane yakho noma ilungu lomndeni (isisekelo) . Ngenxa yokuthi banezinkinga zokufunda kusukela ekuzalweni, kungaba nzima ukubona izinguquko enkumbulweni. Kodwa uma uzizwa uthi, "Lo muntu wayengafani nalokhu ngaphambili, futhi manje usehlukile," yilokho okubaluleke kakhulu.
Ingozi iyanda nini?
Isifo i-Alzheimer's sivame ukuvela kubantu abaningi ngemva kweminyaka engu-65. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu one-Down syndrome, le ngozi yenzeka kusenesikhathi.
- Uneminyaka engu-35 ubudalaMuva nje, izifundo zithole ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-25% (oyedwa kwabane) abane-Down syndrome bangabonisa izimpawu ze-Alzheimer's.
- Kwabaningi, izimpawu ziqala ukubonakala lapho beneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 noma ekuqaleni kweminyaka engu-50.
- Sekukonke, amathuba okuba umuntu onesifo i-Down syndrome athole isifo i-Alzheimer's aphakeme ngokuphindwe kathathu kuya kahlanu kunabantu abaningi.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze njengomnakekeli?
Lolu lwazi lungase lukwesabise. Kodwa ungesabi. Ukuqwashisa kuyisikhali esingcono kakhulu. Kunezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazenza.
1. Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha: Kubalulekile ukuyisa ingane yakho noma ilungu lomndeni kudokotela njalo. Ikakhulukazi uma usuneminyaka engu-30, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngengozi ye-Alzheimer's.
2. Ukuhlolwa Okuyisisekelo: Uma usuneminyaka engama-30, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuhlola inkumbulo yengane yakho, ukusebenza kwayo kwansuku zonke, kanye nokuziphatha kwayo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone noma yiziphi izinguquko esikhathini esizayo.
3. Qaphela izinguquko: Umazi kangcono. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kakhulu oziqaphelayo, zibhale phansi encwadini enosuku nesikhathi. Bhala amanothi anjengokuthi, "Ubengenakukwazi ukugqoka izicathulo zakhe eyedwa namuhla," "Ubelokhu ecasukile kakhulu kusukela ngesonto eledlule." Lokhu kuzosiza kakhulu udokotela.
4. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha: Uma uhlangabezana nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, ungalindi kuze kube sekwephuzile ukuze ubone udokotela wakho . Nakuba isifo i-Alzheimer singelapheki ngokuphelele, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene namasu angasiza ekuphatheni izimpawu, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila, kanye nokunikeza impumuzo kokubili wena kanye nesiguli.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Abantu abane-Down syndrome basengozini enkulu kakhulu yofuzo yokuthola isifo i-Alzheimer's kunabantu abaningi.
- Izimpawu zivame ukuqala eminyakeni engama-40 noma ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-50, kusenesikhathi kakhulu kunasebantwini abavamile.
- Esikhundleni sokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, izimpawu zokuqala zingase zihlanganise izinguquko ekuziphatheni, ukungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke, noma ukuquleka okusha.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezisobala ekuziphatheni komuntu omthandayo, emakhonweni akhe, noma emikhubeni yakhe yansuku zonke, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
- Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokuphathwa kahle kwezokwelapha kungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwesiguli futhi kukunikeze impumuzo njengomnakekeli.
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