Wake wakuthola kunzima ukuphefumula ngokuzumayo, wezwa ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni sakho lapho uphefumula ngokujulile? Noma wake wezwa inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha, ijuluka, futhi izizwa ikhathazekile ngaphandle kwesizathu? Nakuba sivame ukucabanga ngalokhu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kungaba yinto ehluke kakhulu futhi engaba yingozi kakhulu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibi kangaka, kodwa esisindisa impilo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Pulmonary Embolism'.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Pulmonary Embolism?
I-Pulmonary Embolism (PE) i-blood clot eyakheka emthanjeni wegazi (emthanjeni) ohlinzeka ngegazi emaphashini akho. Manje ungase uzibuze, "I-blood clot yakheka kanjani emaphashini?" Iqiniso liwukuthi, leli -blood clot alikheki emaphashini. Ngokuvamile, lakheka kwenye indawo emzimbeni wethu, ikakhulukazi emithanjeni ejulile yemilenze noma izingalo zethu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT).
Cabanga ngemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho njengenethiwekhi yemigwaqo. Leli qhubu legazi elakheka emlenzeni wakho, njengemoto, lihamba ngaleyo ndlela negazi, lidlule enhliziyweni, bese ekugcineni libhajwe emthanjeni wegazi omncane emaphashini. Kufana nemoto enkulu ebhajwe emgwaqweni omncane.
Uma ihlule legazi lihlala emaphashini, kwenzeka izinto ezintathu eziyinhloko:
1. Ukugeleza kwegazi emaphashini kunqunyelwe.
2. Amazinga omoya-mpilo emaphashini ayancipha.
3. Umfutho wegazi uyakhuphuka emithanjeni yegazi exhunywe emaphashini.
Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Uma singelashwa ngokushesha, singabangela ukulimala kwenhliziyo noma kwamaphaphu ngisho nokufa. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi cishe ingxenye yesithathu (33%) yabantu abanalesi simo bafa ngaphambi kokuba baxilongwe futhi belashwe.
Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma lesi sifo sitholakala ngesikhathi futhi selashwa kahle, lesi simo asivamile ukuba sibulale.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo? Nakisisa ngokushesha!
Izimpawu ze-pulmonary embolism (PE) zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kuya ngobukhulu be-clot yegazi kanye nemiphumela enayo. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bazobhekana nesibonakaliso esisodwa noma ngaphezulu.
Izimpawu eziyinhloko nezisekuqaleni ukuphelelwa umoya ngokuzumayo kanye nobuhlungu besifuba obukhula ngokuphefumula okujulile noma ukuzikhandla.
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Kungcono ukuya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokufa.
Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zalesi simo.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngokuzumayo | Ngisho noma uhleli nje ungenzi lutho, ungazizwa uphelelwa umoya ngokuzumayo. |
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba | Lobuhlungu buyanda lapho uphefumula, ukhwehlela, noma ugoba. Ngezinye izikhathi bungase buzwe njengobuhlungu bokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Bungavela esifubeni, engalweni, ehlombe, entanyeni, noma endaweni yomhlathi. |
| Ukukhwehlela | Kungase kube khona igazi eliphuma kanye ne-mucus. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Isilinganiso senhliziyo (ukushaya kwenhliziyo) singase sikhuphuke ngokuzumayo. |
| Isiyezi noma ukuquleka | Kungase kube nesiyezi , ukuquleka, noma ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. |
| Ezinye izici | Ukujuluka ngokweqile, isikhumba esikhanyayo noma esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukukhwehlela, kanye nokukhathazeka okungachazeki. |
Kwabanye abantu, lezi zimpawu zingase zikhule kancane kancane ngemva kwezinsuku noma amasonto. Izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, izimpawu ezibi kakhulu zikhula zingakapheli imizuzu embalwa kusukela lesi simo siqalile.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?
Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, i-Pulmonary Embolism (PE) ibangelwa ukugoba kwegazi (DVT) okwakheka kwenye indawo emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni, kuqhume bese kubhajwa emaphashini. Ngakho-ke, noma yini engabangela ukwakheka kwala magoba egazi nayo ingabangela i-PE.
Ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko:
- Ukugcina umzimba unganyakazi isikhathi eside: Uma uhlala embhedeni ngemva kokuhlinzwa, noma uma uhlala endaweni efanayo ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngendiza ende noma ngebhasi, ukujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni kungancipha futhi kungakheka amahlule egazi.
- Ukulimala kwemithambo: Izingozi, ukwaphuka (ikakhulukazi inqulu, idolo, noma umlenze), kanye nokuhlinzwa okukhulu kungalimaza imithambo futhi kwandise ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Izimo ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, umdlavuza, kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
- Izinguquko ekuqineni kwegazi: Abanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga zofuzo zokujiya kwegazi. Futhi, le ngozi inganda kancane kubantu abaphuza amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo noma ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone.
Ngezansi abanye babantu abasengozini enkulu yalesi simo. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zinto eziyingozi, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaso.
- Ukuba noma ukuba nehlule legazi emlenzeni (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT).
- Ukuhlinzwa noma ukuhlala embhedeni isikhathi eside.
- Ukubhema.
- Ukuba neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 ubudala.
- Ukukhulelwa noma amasonto okuqala ayisithupha ngemva kokubeletha.
- Ukuba nomdlavuza.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yama-hormone njengamaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile - Inkomba Yobunzima Bomzimba (BMI) engaphezu kuka-30.
- Ukuba nomlando womndeni wamahlule egazi.
- Ukuba nezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela nesifo senhliziyo.
- Ukuba ne-catheter yemithambo yegazi ephakathi yesikhathi eside (ithubhu elifakwa emthanjeni engalweni noma emlenzeni) ukuze kukhishwe izinto ezifana nosawoti.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma uya esibhedlela, udokotela uzohlola ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho kanye nezici eziyingozi. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
| Ukuhlolwa | Kalula nje, yini eyenzayo? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Nasi isivivinyo se-D-dimerUkuhlolwa kukhethekile. Kulinganisa iphrotheni ekhiqizwa lapho ihlule legazi lincibilika emzimbeni. Uma leli zinga liphansi, amathuba okuba ne-PE aphansi. |
| I-CT Angiogram | Lokhu kuyi-CT scan ekhethekile. Idayi ekhethekile (umehluko) ifakwa emthanjeni ongalweni yakho, bese kuthathwa izithombe zemithambo yegazi emaphashini akho ezinezilinganiso ezintathu (3D). Uma kukhona ihlule legazi, lingabonakala kahle. |
| Ukuskena Kwemilenze Nge-Ultrasound | Lokhu kuskena kwenziwa ukuhlola amahlule egazi (i-DVT) emithanjeni ejulile yemilenze. Uma kukhona i-DVT, kungaba yimbangela yezimpawu zamaphaphu. |
| Ezinye izivivinyo | Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa i-X-ray yesifuba, i-Echocardiogram yokuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, kanye ne-pulse oximeter yokukala amazinga omoya-mpilo. |
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kwe-PE kuvame ukwenziwa esibhedlela, njengoba isimo sakho sidinga ukuqashelwa eduze. Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa buxhomeke ebunzimeni be-clot yegazi.
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ukunikeza imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi . Sibiza lawa ma-anticoagulant noma ama-blood thinners .
Into ebalulekile ukuthi le mithi ayincibilikisi amahlule egazi akhona. Ivimbela kuphela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi amasha kanye namahlule akhona ukuthi abe makhulu. Amahlule akhona ancibilika kancane kancane ngezinqubo zemvelo zomzimba.
- Imithi yokuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi: Le mithi inikezwa njengomjovo noma amaphilisi. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uphuze le mithi izinyanga ezi-3-6, noma ngezinye izikhathi isikhathi eside kunalokho. Ungayeki ukuthatha le mithi nganoma yisiphi isizathu ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi uyenze.
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Thrombolytic: Lokhu ukwelashwa okunikezwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ezisongela ukuphila. Le mithi isebenza ngokuncibilikisa ihlule legazi ngokushesha. Inikezwa ngaphansi kokubhekwa eduze odokotela abasegunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU).
- Ezinye izindlela:Ngezinye izikhathi, uma imithi inganele, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa noma i-catheter ukuze kususwe ihlule. Enye indlela ukufaka i-Vena Cava Filter. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuhlunga nokubamba amahlule egazi emilenzeni ngaphambi kokuba afike emaphashini.
- Amasokisi Okucindezela: Udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi ugqoke lezi zinhlobo ezikhethekile zamasokisi ukuze ugcine ukujikeleza kwegazi okuhle emilenzeni yakho.
Ingabe lesi simo singagwenywa?
Yebo, kungenzeka ngezinga elikhulu. Isihluthulelo lapha ukunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Yiba matasa: Vivinya umzimba nsuku zonke. Uma uhlala isikhathi eside (izindiza, ukuhamba ngebhasi, umsebenzi wasehhovisi), vuka uhambehamba okungenani kanye ngehora, unyakazisa imilenze nezingalo zakho.
- Gwema izingubo eziqinile: Ukugqoka izingubo eziqinile kungavimbela ukugeleza kwegazi.
- Ungaweqi imilenze yakho: Gwema ukuhlala uphaqile imilenze isikhathi eside.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungabangela ukuba igazi lijiye.
- Qaphela izinto ezikubangela ingozi: Uma uhlinzwa, ukhulelwe, noma unezinye izinto ezikubangela ingozi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
Kufanele uqale ukuzizwa ungcono phakathi nesonto lokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ukuthi ihlule lincibilike ngokuphelele. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Pulmonary embolism (PE) ihlule legazi elakheka emthanjeni wegazi emaphashini. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingasongela impilo.
- Ukuphefumula okungazelelwe, ubuhlungu besifuba lapho uphefumula kakhulu, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo yizimpawu eziyinhloko. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Lawa mahlule egazi avame ukwakheka emilenzeni (DVT). Ukungasebenzi kahle isikhathi eside, ukuhlinzwa, ukubhema, kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile kuyizinto eziyinhloko eziyingozi.
- Amathuba okusindisa izimpilo aphezulu kakhulu uma lesi sifo sitholakala ngesikhathi futhi selashwa ngemithi yokuvimbela ukugabha kwegazi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza imithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho isikhathi sonke bese ulandela imiyalelo enikeziwe ukuvimbela lesi simo ukuthi singaphinde sivele.
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