Ingabe udokotela wakho wake wakucela ukuthi wenze i-scan ekhethekile, njenge-PET scan? Noma wakhuluma ngomjovo okhethekile njengokwelashwa komdlavuza? Khona-ke mhlawumbe uzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa igama elithi "radioactive." Kodwa ungesabi. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalolu hlobo lomuthi olumangalisayo oluthuthuke kakhulu kwezesayensi yezokwelapha, olusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga nokwelapha izifo.
Ziyini lezi zidakamizwa ze-radiopharmaceuticals?
Kalula nje, lezi yizidakamizwa ezikhethekile ezenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, ezinemitha emincane kakhulu futhi elawulwayo yemisebe. Empeleni, lezi zinhlobo zomuthi. Kodwa ngaphakathi kwalesi sidakamizwa kukhona into efana "ne-tracker" encane. Singaqapha amandla akhishwa yiso ngamakhamera akhethekile.
Lezi zenziwa, zisatshalaliswa, futhi zisetshenziswa ngabantu abathole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kule ndawo. Isibonelo, osokhemisi benyukliya, ochwepheshe bemisebe, kanye nodokotela bemisebe bayazisebenzisa ngokucophelela okukhulu.
Isetshenziselwani le mithi?
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa lawa ma-Radiopharmaceuticals. Enye iwukuthola izifo (Diagnostic) , kanti enye iwukwelapha izifo (Therapeutic) . Cabanga ukuthi sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo, sobabili singakwazi ukuthola inkinga ngaphakathi emzimbeni futhi siphathe leyo nkinga. Ake sibheke lezi ezimbili ngokwehlukana.
1. Indlela yokusiza ekuxilongeni izifo (I-Diagnostic Radiopharmaceuticals)
Lena yindlela evame kakhulu esetshenziswa ngayo le mithi. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi uphuza, uphefumule, noma ufake inani elincane kakhulu, eliphephile lalesi sidakamizwa esinomsakazo emzimbeni wakho. Siphinde sibize lezi ngokuthi ama-radiotracer .
Cabanga ngomzimba wakho njengomuzi omkhulu. Lo muthi ufana ne-GPS tracker. Uya ngqo endaweni enenkinga. Bese uthumela isignali encane ukusuka lapho.
Uma usungaphakathi emzimbeni, lo muthi uya endaweni lapho kukhona khona isifo, ukutheleleka, noma inkinga. Bese kuba nekhamera ekhethekile, njengekhamera ye-gamma, esetshenziswa ukuthatha izithombe zezindawo lapho umuthi uqoqene khona. Kulezi zithombe, udokotela angabona kahle ukuthi izitho zakho zisebenza kanjani, ukuthi igazi lakho ligeleza kanjani, noma ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Izibonelo:
- Ukuskena kwe-PET (i-Positron Emission Tomography scans): Umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-`Fluorine-18` uvame ukusetshenziswa kulokhu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwamathambo, isibindi nezinso: Umuthi i-`Technetium 99m` usetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni ngale njongo.
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu:Baphefumula umuthi obizwa ngokuthi `Xenon-133`.
- Ukuhlolwa kwemisipha yenhliziyo: Umuthi obizwa ngokuthi `iRubidium-82` ufakwa emthanjeni.
2. Imithi Yokwelapha Ngemisebe
Le ndlela iyindlela entsha, kodwa ephumelela kakhulu yokwelapha, ikakhulukazi yomdlavuza. Ihilela ukufaka umuthi onamandla kancane okhipha imisebe emzimbeni kunalowo onikezwa ukuthola lesi sifo.
Lokhu kufana nesibhamu esiqonda ngqo esiqondisweni. Lo muthi ufuna ngqo amangqamuzana omdlavuza, unamathele kuwo, bese uwabhubhisa. Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu ukuthi kunomonakalo omncane kakhulu kwamanye amangqamuzana anempilo emzimbeni. Ngoba lokhu kwelashwa kuhlose ngqo amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela. Lokhu kuhlukile endleleni yokwelapha esebenzisa imisebe evela ngaphandle (`External Beam Radiation Therapy`).
Umehluko phakathi kokusetshenziswa okubili okuyinhloko
Ukuze sikuqonde kalula, ake sibheke umehluko phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili zokusebenzisa.
| Ukusetshenziswa | Inqubo eyenzeka | Inhloso eyinhloko |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuxilongwa | Kunikezwa umthamo omncane kakhulu futhi ophephile wemithi, bese izimpawu ezikhishwayo zithathwa ngekhamera ekhethekile, okuholela ezithombeni zangaphakathi lomzimba. | Ukubona indlela izitho zomzimba ezisebenza ngayo nokuhlonza izindawo ezinesifo. |
| Ukwelapha | Ngokunikeza umthamo oqinile walo muthi, ulethwa ngqo kumaseli ayingozi, njengamaseli omdlavuza, bese ubhujiswa. | Ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana agulayo, njengamaseli omdlavuza, kanye nokwelapha lesi sifo. |
Yimiphi imithi ye-radiopharmaceuticals esetshenziswa ekwelapheni umdlavuza?
Kunemithi eminingi ye-radiopharmaceuticals ephumelela kakhulu evunyelwe njengamanje ekwelapheni umdlavuza.
- I-PLUVICTO® (`lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan`):Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ezinye izimo zomdlavuza we-prostate osusakazekele kwezinye izindawo (i-metastatic).
- I-Lutathera™ (`Lutetium Lu 177 dotatate`): Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimila ezithile ze-neuroendocrine ezenzeka esiswini, kuma-pancreas nasemathunjini.
- I-Iodine-131: Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza we-thyroid kanye nezimo ezibangela ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone e-thyroid, njengesifo sikaGraves.
- I-Radium-223: Uma umdlavuza we-prostate ususakazeke (wasakazeka) emathanjeni, lokhu kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekubhubhiseni amangqamuzana omdlavuza kulawo mathambo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo zemitholampilo ziyaqhubeka njengamanje zokusetshenziswa kwale mithi kwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, okusho ukuthi lokhu kuzoba yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokwelashwa komdlavuza esikhathini esizayo.
Ingabe le mithi iphephile ngempela? Ingabe kufanele sesabe?
Lona umbuzo omkhulu kunayo yonke umuntu anayo. Kuvamile ukuthi sesabe uma sizwa igama elithi "radioactive." Kodwa leli yiqiniso.
Yebo, le mithi iphephile kakhulu uma iphathwa kahle ngochwepheshe.
Cabanga nje, inani lomuthi onikezwayo ukuze kutholakale izifo lincane kakhulu kangangokuthi ngeke lilimaze umzimba wakho. Lizosuswa ngokuphelele emzimbeni wakho phakathi namahora noma izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Umthamo womuthi onikezwa ukwelashwa unamandla kancane kunalokho. Ngakho-ke, kungase kube nemiphumela emibi. Kodwa njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, nalapha, odokotela babheka ukuthi izinzuzo zomuthi zidlula yini imiphumela emibi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nethuba lokwelapha isifo esingathi sína njengomdlavuza, leyo miphumela emibi ingalawulwa.
Uma unikezwe ukwelashwa noma ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela konke ngakho, izinzuzo zako, kanye nemiphumela emibi engaba khona. Buza nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngaleso sikhathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi ye-Radiopharmaceuticals uhlobo olukhethekile lomuthi olune-radioactivity elawulwayo esetshenziselwa ukuxilonga nokwelapha izifo.
- Ukuxilonga kusebenzisa imithamo emincane kakhulu nephephile yemisebe ukusiza ukubona ukuthi izitho zomzimba zisebenza kanjani.
- Izindlela zokwelapha zisetshenziselwa ukuhlasela nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana ayingozi, njengamaseli omdlavuza.
- Lezi ziphathwa ngokucophelela okukhulu ochwepheshe, ngakho-ke ziphephile kakhulu uma zisetshenziswa kahle.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalolu hlobo lokuhlolwa noma ukwelashwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho ngokukhululekile.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho