Wake wazizwa ukhathele, uphelelwa umoya, noma uvuvukele imilenze? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona into ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukwandiswa Kwe-Atrial Engakwesokudla" embikweni wakho we-ECG. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa leli gama. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngokuthi kuyini lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi ukwandiswa kwe-atrial engakwesokudla, ukuthi kubangelwa yini, nokuthi kungani kudingeka sikuqaphele.
Kuyini Ukukhulisa I-Atrial Engakwesokudla?
Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi igumbi eliphezulu kwesokudla lenhliziyo yakho, i-'Right Atrium', likhulu kunejwayelekile. Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengendlu enamakamelo amane. Igumbi eliphezulu kwesokudla yi-atrium efanele.
I-atrium efanele iyindawo yokuqala yokuma kwegazi elinomoya-mpilo (silibiza ngokuthi 'igazi elingcolile') eliye lapontshwa emzimbeni wethu wonke bese libuyela enhliziyweni. Lifana nomnyango oyinhloko wendlu. Igazi eliza lapha, ngemva kokuvula ivalvu elandelayo (i-Tricuspid Valve), liya e-ventricle yesokudla ngezansi. Ukusuka lapho, igazi lipontshwa liye emaphashini ukuze liphinde lifakwe umoya-mpilo.
Ngakho-ke, uma ngesizathu esithile inani legazi elingena kule atrium yangakwesokudla likhuphuka, noma uma ingcindezi engaphakathi kwalelo gumbi ikhuphuka, njengebhaluni elivuvukele uma uphefumula umoya omningi kulo, leli gumbi nalo liqala ukuba likhulu kancane kancane. Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lesi simo ngokuvamile asizenzeki sodwa. Kuwuphawu lwenye inkinga emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi enhliziyweni noma emaphashini.
Ingabe lesi yisimo esibucayi kuwo wonke umuntu?
Akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Isibonelo, imisipha yenhliziyo yabadlali abazivocavoca njalo, njengeminye imisipha, iba namandla futhi ibe mikhulu. Lokho kuvamile kubo.
Kodwa-ke, uma i-atrium efanele ikhuliswa kumuntu ongeyena umdlali, kusho ukuthi kukhona okunye okudingeka sikunake. Isibonelo:
- Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme Emaphashini: Uma ingcindezi emaphashini ikhuphuka, kuba nzima nge-ventricle yesokudla ukupompa igazi. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi igazi libuyele emuva futhi lihlangane ku-atrium yesokudla, okubangela ukuthi likhule.
- Ama-Valve Avuzayo: Uma ama-valve enhliziyweni engavali kahle futhi igazi livuza libuyela emuva, igazi elengeziwe linganqwabelana e-atrium efanele bese libangela ukuthi ivuvuke.
- Ukwehluleka kwe-ventricle yesokudla: Uma igumbi elingezansi (i-ventricle yesokudla) libuthakathaka, alikwazi ukupompa lonke igazi elingenayo. Igazi elisele libangela ukwakheka kwengcindezi, okuthinta i-atrium ephezulu.
Ubunzima balesi simo buxhomeke embangela eyinhloko, izimpawu zakho, kanye nokwelashwa okutholayo. Abantu abanezimpawu basengozini enkulu kancane kunalabo abangenazo izimpawu.
Yiziphi ezinye izifo ezingahlotshaniswa nalesi simo?
Ukwanda kwe-atrial kwesokudla kuhlotshaniswa nezimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso | Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne -Tetralogy of Fallot noma i-Pulmonary Stenosis (ukuncipha komthambo wegazi ukuya emaphashini). |
| Izifo ze-valve yenhliziyo | Ukuncishiswa kwamavalvu ohlangothini lwesokudla (i-Tricuspid Stenosis) noma ukuvuza kwegazi kuwo. |
| Izifo ezihlobene namaphaphu | Isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD) noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini (i-Pulmonary Hypertension) kubeka ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo (i-Cor Pulmonale). |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo | Izimo ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Atrial Fibrillation) noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (i-Atrial Flutter). |
| I-Hypertrophy Ye-Ventricular Yesokudla | Ukwandiswa kwegumbi elingezansi ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo, okuthinta negumbi eliphezulu. |
Ungasithola kanjani lesi simo?
Indlela eyinhloko nelula yokuthola lokhu ukusebenzisa i-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) . Uma udokotela wakho ebheka i-ECG yakho, uzobheka ngqo 'i-P wave'. Leli wave le-P limelela ukufinyela kwe-atria yakho emibili. Uma i-atrium efanele ikhulisiwe, leli wave le-P lizoba lide kunokujwayelekile.
Kodwa khumbula, ukuba nalolu shintsho ku-ECG yakho akusho ukuthi unenkinga enkulu yempilo. Ngakho-ke, zizwe ukhululekile ukuxoxa nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka onakho mayelana nemibiko yakho nodokotela wakho.
Ngaphezu kwe-ECG, kunezinye izivivinyo zokuqinisekisa lesi simo nokuthola imbangela eyisisekelo.
- I-Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE): Lokhu ukuskena kwenhliziyo. Kungabona ngokucacile amakamelo enhliziyo, ama-valve, nokuthi asebenza kanjani.
- I-Cardiac CT Scan noma i-Heart MRI: Lokhu kungathola izithombe zenhliziyo ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) futhi kuzihlole ngokujulile.
- I-Echocardiogram yengane esanda kuzalwa: I-scan ekhethekile eyenziwe ukuthola noma yiziphi izinkinga zenhliziyo ngesikhathi ingane isesesibelethweni.
Ingabe lokhu kungelapheka ngokwelashwa?
Yebo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imbangela eyisisekelo bese uyelapha. Ukwanda kwe-atrial kwesokudla kumane kuwumphumela. Ngokwelapha imbangela, lesi simo singalawulwa.
- Uma une-hypertension yamaphaphu, uzonikezwa imithi yayo.
- Uma kunenkinga nge-valve, ingadinga imithi noma ukuhlinzwa.
- Uma kukhona ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, kuzonikezwa imithi yokukulawula.
Akuvamile kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa kunganconywa ukuze kwenziwe i-atrium efanele ibe ncane. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kungadingeka uqhubeke nokuthatha imithi yokuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi nokulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelapha, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela yona ngokucacile.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Abanye abantu abanalesi simo bangase bangabi nazimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
| Izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele |
|---|
| Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo: Umuzwa wokuthi inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha noma ngendlela exakile. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula: Ukuzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngisho nangemisebenzi emincane. |
| Ukuvuvukala komzimba:Ukuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni, emaqakaleni nasezinyaweni. |
| Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
Izimpawu ezihlobene nenhliziyo aziyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yini ebonakala ingavamile. Uma kunenkinga, kungcono ukuyibamba kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba ibe yimbi kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuvuvukala kwe-Atrial Kwesokudla ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sesinye isimo sezokwelapha, hhayi isifo ngokwaso.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni lokhu ukuthola nokwelapha isifo esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma imilenze evuvukele, ungazinaki.
- Uma lokhu kushiwo embikweni wakho we-ECG noma kwamanye amarekhodi ezokwelapha, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho akuchazele. Ngokutholakala kwesifo kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, ungaphila impilo enempilo.
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