Kuyini i-Schistosomiasis? Ungasigwema kanjani lesi sifo esibangelwa yizinambuzane?

Wake wageza noma wadlala echibini, emfuleni, noma echibini elincane elinamanzi angcolile? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngegciwane eliyingozi elingangena emizimbeni yethu ngezinye izikhathi ngamanzi anjalo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Schistosomiasis. Nakuba kuyigama elide, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngalo, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba uye kwamanye amazwe.

Iyini ngempela i-Schistosomiasis?

Kalula nje, i-schistosomiasis ukutheleleka okubangelwa uhlobo lwesibungu esidla amagciwane. Lezi zibungu zibizwa ngokuthi ama-trematode, noma ama-flatworm. Zibangelwa ikakhulukazi izibungu ezingohlobo lwe-Schistosoma. Lezi zibungu zihlala ngaphakathi noma emzimbeni wesinye isidalwa (umnikazi) futhi zidla sona. Ngakho-ke, uma lokhu kwenzeka esidalwa esidla amagciwane, akukuhle.

Okwenzekayo ku-schistosomiasis ukuthi lezi zibungu zihlala ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezibungu. Bese kuthi lezi zibungu zikhishwe emanzini zisuka kulezo zibungu. Cabanga nje, uma isikhumba sakho sithintana nalolu hlobo lwamanzi angcolile, agcwele izibungu, zingabhoboza isikhumba sakho zingene emzimbeni wakho, lapho zingaphila khona iminyaka eminingi. Lapho lezi zibungu zikhula ezibunguni futhi zingena emanzini, zinekhanda elinobuqhetseba. Yileyo ndlela ezibhoboza ngayo isikhumba sethu zingene.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zezinambuzane ze-schistosomiasis ezibangela izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalesi sifo: i-Urogenital Schistosomiasis kanye ne-Intestinal Schistosomiasis.

Kunezinye amagama alesi sifo, abanye basibiza ngokuthi i-Bilharzia , abanye basibiza ngokuthi i-Snail Fever .

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo?

Eqinisweni, noma ubani ogeza noma obhukuda emanzini angcolile aqukethe lesi silwanyana angathola lesi sifo. Lesi silwanyana sivame ukutholakala emachibini ahlanzekile, emifuleni nasemachibini. Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

• Izingxenye eziningi zase-Afrika: okuhlanganisa i-Afrika engaphansi kweSahara kanye neNingizimu Afrika. Lesi silwane sitholakala nasesifundeni saseMaghreb eNyakatho Afrika kanye naseNile Valley yaseGibhithe naseSudan.
• ENingizimu Melika: amazwe afana neBrazil, iSuriname, neVenezuela.
• Iziqhingi zaseCaribbean: Kukhona neziqhingi ezifana neDominican Republic, iGuadeloupe, neMartinique. Kodwa-ke, ingozi esifundeni saseCaribbean iphansi kancane.
• Izifunda zaseningizimu yeShayina.
• Le ngozi ikhona nakwamanye amazwe anjengeNingizimu -mpumalanga ye-Asia: iPhilippines, iLaos, neCambodia.
• EYurophu: Lokhu kubikwe nasesiqhingini saseCorsica.

Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu kithi eSri Lanka. Kodwa-ke, uma uhambela la mazwe, kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu.

Ivame kangakanani i-schistosomiasis?

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-230 emhlabeni wonke bangenwe yilesi sifo. Ngisho noma lesi sifo singekho emazweni afana ne-United States, abantu kulawo mazwe basengathola lesi sifo uma beya kwamanye amazwe. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu kithi ukuqaphela lokhu lapho sihamba kwamanye amazwe.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-schistosomiasis?

Iningi labantu abangenwe yi-schistosomiasis alibonisi zimpawu ekuqaleni . Kodwa-ke, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokutheleleka, abanye abantu bangase babe nokulunywa kanye nama-blisters amancane noma ukuqubuka . Lokhu kuyindlela yokusabela kwe-parasite engena esikhumbeni.

Ngemuva kwalokho, phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-30 kuya kwezingu-60 ngemva kokutheleleka, okungaba yinyanga eyodwa noma ezimbili, kungase kuvele ezinye izimpawu. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Imfiva
• Ukugodola
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nobuhlungu

Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingase zibonakale njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ongazelelwe, uma usanda kuhlangana namanzi angcolile, kufanele ube nokungabaza.

Kwenzekani uma ingelashwa?

Uma ungayilaphi kahle, lezi zinambuzane zingaphila emzimbeni wakho iminyaka eminingi. Izimpawu ezivelayo zimbi kakhulu:

• Ubuhlungu besisu.
• Isibindi esikhulu (i-Hepatomegaly).
• Igazi emchameni (Hematuria). Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi "igazi emchameni."
• Ubunzima noma ubuhlungu lapho uchama (i-Dysuria).
• Igazi esitulweni (i-Hematochezia).
• Abesifazane nabo bangaba nokuphuphuma kwezisu .

Uma lesi simo siqhubeka, okungukuthi, uma uba nesifo sokuqaqamba kwesibindi esingamahlalakhona , kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nezibazi zesibindi noma isifo sokuqina kwesibindi kanye nomdlavuza wesinye.

Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi amaqanda alezi zinambuzane ahambe aye ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungenzeka ukuquleka, ukukhubazeka, noma umgogodla ovuvukele. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu.

Yini ebangela lesi sifo?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-schistosomiasis yi-parasite ehlala emizimbeni yezinhlobo ezithile zeminenke etholakala ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi ahlanzekile. Ngemva kokuba le pharasite ikhishwe eminenkeni ingene emanzini, ingena esikhumbeni somuntu bese ingena emzimbeni. Lapho abantu abangenwe yileli gciwane bechama futhi bekhipha indle, amaqanda e-parasite akuwo akhululwa abuyele emanzini. Lapho la maqanda efika ekoloni leminenke, angena emizimbeni yeminenke, aqale umjikelezo futhi. Ngale ndlela, izingane kanye nabantu abadala bavame ukutheleleka.

Kodwa-ke, lesi sifo asidluliselwa ngqo kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye. Ngisho noma unesifo se-schistosomiasis, awukwazi ukusidlulisela komunye umuntu. Sidluliselwa kuphela ngamanzi angcolile.

Abacwaningi basafuna izindlela zokulawula lesi sifo. Abanye bazama ukuthuthukisa umuthi wokugomela, kanti abanye bafuna izindlela zokulawula lezi zinkonkoni.

Itholakala kanjani i-schistosomiasis?

Odokotela benza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze bathole lesi sifo.

• Ngezinye izikhathi, amaqanda ezinambuzane angatholakala kumasampula omchamo noma endle. Lawa ahlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
• Kodwa kungase kungabi njalo ukuthi kutholakale amaqanda ngale ndlela. Uma kunjalo , kuzodingeka ukuhlolwa kwegazi . Lokhu kuzohlola ama-antibodies akhiqizwa emzimbeni ngokumelene ne-parasite.

Zonke lezi zivivinyo zenziwa elabhorethri, ngaphansi kwe-microscope.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Umuthi oyinhloko osetshenziswa ukwelapha i-schistosomiasis yi -praziquantel . Igama lomkhiqizo wayo yi-Biltricide®. Unikezwa njengephilisi. Lo muthi ungoweqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-anthelmintics. Kalula nje, le mithi ibulala izimpethu.

Uma uthatha i-Praziquantel, kufanele uyithathe namanzi nokudla. Ngokuvamile inikezwa kanye ngosuku. Kungaba njengomthamo owodwa omkhulu, noma njengomthamo omncane kathathu phakathi nosuku.

Kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi, izithasiselo, kanye nokungezwani komzimba okusebenzisayo njengamanje ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi. Futhi, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungadla i-grapefruit noma uphuze ijusi le-grapefruit ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, njengoba i-grapefruit ingase ingahambisani neminye imithi.

Ingabe kukhona izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi imiphumela emibi ingenzeka. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukutheleleka ngokwako, noma ukusabela kwemithi kanye nokubulawa kwezibungu. Noma kungaba kokubili. Ungalindela izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Imfiva
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma isicanucanu
• Isiyezi
• Ukuluma
• Ubuhlungu besisu (ukuzizwa ungaphilile)

Uma uhlaselwa yizintwala, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Futhi, uma unezinye izimpawu oziqaphelayo noma ezibonakala ziba zimbi kakhulu, tshela udokotela wakho ngazo.

Ngingayinciphisa kanjani le ngozi?

Kunezinto ezimbalwa okungafanele uzenze eduze kwamachibi ahlanzekile, amachibi, noma imifula ezindaweni ezaziwa ukuthi zine-schistosomiasis:

• Ungacabangi ukuthi amanzi ahlanzekile futhi akukho nkinga ngoba nje othile esho kanjalo. Uma usendaweni lapho kwaziwa khona ukuthi kukhona igciwane, ungathathi zinyathelo.
• Ungaphuzi amanzi avela emachibini anjengalawa.I-parasite ayingeni ngqo emanzini okuphuza, kodwa ingangena ngesikhumba esizungeze umlomo wakho.
• Ungagezi noma ubhukude kula manzi.
• Ungawashi izingubo ngala manzi.
• Ungaze uye ngisho nasezindaweni zokudoba ezinjengalezi.

Uma umanziswa ngengozi kulolu hlobo lwamanzi, lusule ngamandla ngethawula. Kungase kusize, kodwa akuthembekile ngokuphelele. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuyeka lolo hlobo lwamanzi.

Kwenzekani uma nginalesi simo?

Uma unesifo se-schistosomiasis futhi uthola ukwelashwa okufanele, ungalulama ngokugcwele. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlala endaweni lapho lezi zinambuzane zisebenza khona, kufanele uqaphele njalo futhi uhlale kude nemithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile engase itheleleke. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingaphinde ivele. Akukho muthi wokugoma okwamanje.

Uma ungatholi ukwelashwa, uzohlala unegciwane. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu esibindini sakho, emathunjini, kanye nasesinyeni. Kwabesifazane, uma uba ne-Urogenital Schistosomiasis, ethinta uhlelo lomchamo kanye nokuzala, ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-HIV ngenxa yomonakalo wezicubu. Lesi sifo siphinde sahlotshaniswa nomdlavuza wesinye.

Izingane ezivame ukutheleleka yilesi silwanyana zingase zibe ne-anemia futhi zingase zingakhuli kahle . Uma zingelashwa, i-schistosomiasis ingaba yingozi.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uhlala, usebenza, noma uhamba endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi ine-schistosomiasis, futhi une -rash, umkhuhlane, noma izimpawu zomchamo (isb., igazi emchameni wakho, ubuhlungu lapho uchama), qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho uma uke wathintana namanzi osola ukuthi angcolile.

Nakuba lesi sifo singavamile kakhulu eSri Lanka, uma uke wachayeka emanzini angcolile anjalo kwamanye amazwe, noma ngabe awunazo izimpawu, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngemuva kokubuyela eSri Lanka. Ngoba abantu abaningi ababonisi izimpawu ekuqaleni. Uma utheleleke ngalesi sifo, kufanele nakanjani ufune ukwelashwa.

Isifinyezo (Umyalezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake siphinde sixoxe ngezinye zezinto esikhulume ngazo:

• I-Schistosomiasis yisifo esibangelwa yi-parasite etholakala emanzini angcolile. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-bilharzia .
• Lesi silwanyana sivela ezinkonkomeni bese singena emanzini, singene emizimbeni yethu ngesikhumba sethu.
• Kungase kungabi nazimpawu ekuqaleni, kodwa kamuva izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomzimba, kanye nokulunywa kungase kuvele.
• Uma ingelashwa , ingalimaza izitho zomzimba ezifana nesibindi, amathumbu, kanye nesinye, futhi ingaholela ngisho nomdlavuza.
• Uma uya emazweni lapho lesi sifo sivame khona,Ungangeni emanzini, ubhukude, noma uphuze amanzi ezindaweni ongazazi.
• Lokhu kungelapheka ngomuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Praziquantel .
• Uma unemibuzo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Khumbula, ukuqwashisa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela. Uma sazi ngalezi zifo, kulula ngathi ukuhlala siphephile kuzo. Sikufisela impilo enhle wena nomndeni wakho!

I- Schistosomiasis, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, i-bilharzia, umkhuhlane wezinkonkoni, amanzi angcolile, izifo zesikhumba, impilo yokuhamba