Kulezi zinsuku, wonke umuntu ukhuluma ngobuhlungu besisu, akunjalo? Kuyacasula ngempela uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu ngokuzumayo futhi kufanele uye endlini yangasese izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Kodwa uma futhi unomkhuhlane, uzizwa sengathi uhlanza, futhi ikakhulukazi uma unegazi noma i-mucus esitulweni sakho, kungase kungabi ubuhlungu besisu obulula. Sikhuluma ngesinye isimo esinjalo namuhla, okuyi-Shigellosis. Igama lingase libe lisha kuwe, kodwa lokhu kuyisifo esivamile esisibonayo phakathi kwethu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezingane ezincane.
Iyini ngempela i-Shigellosis?
Kalula nje, i-shigellosis ukutheleleka okwenzeka lapho igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-Shigella lingena emzimbeni wethu. Lithinta kakhulu uhlelo lwethu lokugaya ukudla, okungukuthi, amathumbu. Leli gciwane lilimaza ulwelwesi lwamathumbu. Yingakho sithola izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu kanye nesifo sohudo.
Cabanga ngakho njengesitha esincane esingena emizimbeni yethu. Lesi sitha singena emathunjini ethu futhi sibangele izinkinga lapho. Sithelelana kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi singasakazeka kalula sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi ngisho nenani elincane kakhulu lala magciwane lanele ukwenza umuntu agule.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziba khona lapho lesi sifo siqala?
Izimpawu ze-shigellosis zingahluka kancane kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile. Ake sizihlolisise.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo ngakho |
|---|---|
| Uhudo | Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko. Ekuqaleni, lungase lube namanzi. Kodwa kamuva, indle ingaba negazi , i-mucus (njenge-phlegm), noma ubomvu . Kungase kudingeke uye endlini yangasese izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. |
| Ubuhlungu besisu | Ubuhlungu bungase buzwe sengathi bubuhlungu uma uthinta isisu, noma sengathi sigcwele. Lobuhlungu bungase buzwe sengathi buyafika budlule. |
| Imfiva | Umkhuhlane nawo uyisibonakaliso esivamile. Ngezinye izikhathi, umzimba ungase uzizwe ushisa futhi umkhuhlane ungase uhambisane nobuhlungu bomzimba. |
| Ukuhlanza | Abanye abantu bangase babe nesicanucanu nokuhlanza. |
Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi babiza le nhlanganisela yezimpawu ngokuthi i-bacillary dysentery , okusho ukuthi isifo sohudo esibangelwa amagciwane.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi abanye abantu bangase bangakhombisi zimpawu noma ngabe banaleli gciwane le-Shigella emizimbeni yabo. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe abanazo izimpawu, basengasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye. Yingakho ukuhlanzeka kuhlale kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke lesi sifo sisakazeka kanjani kithi?
Kusakazeka kakhulu ngamagciwane atholakala endle yomuntu onegciwane, angena emizimbeni yethu ngomlomo. "Kwenzeka kanjani lokho?" ungase ucabange. Kunezindlela eziningana ezingenzeka ngazo.
- Ukudluliselwa ngqo komuntu nomuntu: Lena yindlela evame kakhulu. Isakazeka ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi njengezikhungo zokunakekela izingane kanye nezindawo zokulala. Isibonelo, uma umuntu eshintsha inabukeni lengane egulayo futhi engagezi izandla zakhe kahle, angadlulisela lesi sifo kwenye ingane. Futhi, umuntu onakekela ingane egulayo usengozini.
- Ukudla okungcolile: Uma umuntu ogulayo elungisa ukudla ngaphandle kokugeza izandla zakhe kahle, amabhaktheriya asezandleni zakhe angangena ekudleni futhi athelele labo abakudlayo. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi ngokudla imifino nezithelo ezihlanziwe ngamanzi angcolile.
- Emanzini angcolile: Ungangenwa yileli gciwane uma ugwinya amanzi ngengozi ngenkathi ugeza noma udlala imidlalo yasemanzini ezindaweni ezifana nemifudlana, imifula, noma amachibi angcoliswe yibhaktheriya yeShigella.
- Ngocansi: Leli gciwane lingadluliselwa kusuka kumuntu liye komunye ngokusebenzisa ezinye izenzo zocansi.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?
Nakuba noma ubani engathola i-shigellosis, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala: Izingane ezincane zingayithola kalula le gciwane ngoba zivame ukufaka izandla zazo emlonyeni, zifake izinto ezifana namathoyizi emlonyeni, futhi amasosha omzimba azo asakhula.
- Abantu abahlala noma abahamba ezindaweni lapho amanzi ahlanzekile kanye nendle kungatholakali kahle khona.
- Abantu abanezitho zomzimba ezibuthakathaka: Abantu abanezifo ezifana ne-HIV, umdlavuza, noma labo abathatha imithi ecindezela izitho zomzimba bangathinteka kakhulu yilesi sifo.
- Amadoda alala namadoda: Eminye imisebenzi yocansi ingandisa ingozi yokudlulisela amagciwane.
- Abantu abahlala bengenamakhaya.
Ingabe lokhu kungaba yingozi? Yiziphi izinkinga?
Esikhathini esiningi, ukutheleleka kwe-shigellosis kuyaziphelela kungakapheli isonto. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi uma kungelashwa noma kubantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka, kungabangela izinkinga.
1. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Uhudo nokuhlanza kubangela ukuthi umzimba ulahlekelwe amanzi amaningi nosawoti. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Uma kuba nzima, kungaba yingozi empilweni. Umlomo owomile, amehlo acwilayo, ukuncipha kokuchama (umchamo uba phuzi omnyama), kanye nokuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu kuyizimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
2. Ukusabalala kokutheleleka egazini: Akuvamile kakhulu, leli gciwane lingangena egazini lisuka emathunjini bese lisakazeka emzimbeni wonke.
3. Ukuquleka: Ukuquleka kungenzeka ngenxa yomkhuhlane omkhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.
4. I-Reactive Arthritis: Ngemva kokuba ukutheleleka sekuphelile, abanye abantu bangase bavuvuke futhi babe nobuhlungu emalungeni abo.
5. I-Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS): Lokhu kuyinkinga engavamile kodwa eyingozi kakhulu. Kwenzeka lapho ubuthi obukhiqizwa yibhaktheriya bulimaza imithambo yegazi ezinso, okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso.
Ngingabonana kanjani nodokotela futhi ngithole ukwelashwa?
Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enezinye zezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi akuhlole. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zodwa zingasikisela ukuthi une-shigellosis. Kodwa-ke, ukuqinisekisa lokhu, kuzokwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwendle . Lokhu kuzonquma ukuthi akhona yini amabhaktheriya e-Shigella.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Uma izimpawu zakho zingezimbi kakhulu, ungaphumula futhi ululame ekhaya. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugwema ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Phuza uketshezi oluningi: Phuza izinto ezifana namanzi, ujusi, iphalishi, amanzi kakhukhunathi, kanye nesobho njalo.
- Ukuphumula: Ukuphumula umzimba wakho kuyasiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungathathi imithi yokwelapha isifo sohudo (njengeLoperamide) ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala.Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi ziyavimba amabhaktheriya ukuthi angaphumi emzimbeni futhi zenze lesi sifo sibe sibi kakhulu.
Uma ukutheleleka kukhulu noma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic (njenge-ciprofloxacin noma i-azithromycin). Uma bekwenza, kufanele uthathe umuthi izinsuku eziphelele ozibekiwe, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono.
Uma ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kukubi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela futhi unikezwe i-saline (i-IV fluids) ngemithambo yegazi.
Kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha nini?
Uma isifo sohudo esivamile singathuthuki zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, kungcono ukubona udokotela. Kodwa-ke, uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha .
- Uhudo olubi kakhulu (uma uluthola kaningi ngosuku)
- Ukuhlanza okungenakunqandeka
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
- Uma kukhona igazi eliningi esitulweni
- Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (umlomo owomile, izindebe, amehlo acwilayo, ukuphuma komchamo okuphansi kakhulu, ukozela ngokweqile noma ukungaphumuli)
Ungazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo? Ukuvimbela kungcono kakhulu!
I-Shigellosis yisifo esingasivimbela kalula. Into eyinhloko okudingeka siyenze ukunakekela inhlanzeko.
| Okufanele ngikwenze | Kungani lokho kubalulekile? |
|---|---|
| Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho njalo. | Geza izandla zakho njalo ngaphambi kokudla, ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla, ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nangemva kokushintsha inabukeni yengane yakho. Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela lesi sifo. |
| Geza imifino nezithelo kahle. | Geza imifino nezithelo ezidliwa ziluhlaza kahle ngamanzi ahlanzekile, agobhozayo. |
| Ukugwema ukuminza emachibini okubhukuda, emachibini, nasemifuleni. | Amanzi akulezi zindawo angaba namagciwane, ngakho ungafaki amanzi emlonyeni wakho uma ugeza. |
| Ukulahlwa ngokuphephile kwama-napkin ezingane angcolile. | Faka amanabukeni asetshenzisiwe ebhodleleni likadoti elimbozwe kahle. |
| Ukunakekela amanzi okuphuza. | Uma ungaqiniseki ngobumsulwa bamanzi endaweni yakini, sebenzisa amanzi abilisiwe noma asemabhodleleni. |
| Ukugwema ukuya ocansini uma unesifo sohudo. | Uma wena noma umlingani wakho ninesifo sohudo, kuwukuhlakanipha ukugwema ukuya ocansini isonto lonke uze ululame ngokugcwele. |
Iningi labantu liyalulama kwi-shigellosis zingakapheli isonto. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, lesi sifo singahlala amasonto amaningana. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokuba lesi sifo sesiphelile, kungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuthi ukusebenza kwamathumbu akho kubuyele esimweni esijwayelekile. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba nesineke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Shigellosis yisifo sohudo esithathelwanayo kakhulu esibangelwa yibhaktheriya ye-Shigella.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko uhudo olunegazi noma olugcwele amafinyila, izinhlungu zesisu, kanye nomkhuhlane.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kulokhu ukuzijwayeza inhlanzeko enhle, okuhlanganisa nokugeza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni uma unesifo sohudo, ngakho phuza uketshezi oluningi.
- Ungathathi imithi yokulwa nesifo sohudo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma izimpawu zinkulu, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona igazi esitulweni noma izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha.
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