Wake wabona isilonda esikhulu ngemva kokusha okukhulu noma isilonda esikhulu siphola? Ngezinye izikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufaka umuthi ongakanani esilondeni, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola. Yilapho odokotela bekhuluma khona ngokuthi " i-graft yesikhumba ." Kusho ukuthini ngempela lokhu? Ingabe lokhu kuyinto enkulu futhi eyesabekayo? Cha... Ake sixoxe ngakho konke kalula.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukufakelwa kwesikhumba?
Lona umqondo olula kakhulu. Cabanga ukuthi unengxenye yengubo yakho edabukile noma eyonakele. Senzani? Sithatha enye ingcezu yendwangu bese siyithunga ukuze sivale imbobo, akunjalo? Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba kufana nalokho. Kuyinqubo yokuhlinzwa. Esikwenzayo ukuthatha ingcezu encane yesikhumba engxenyeni enempilo yomzimba wakho (isibonelo, ithanga lakho) bese siyifakela engxenyeni eyonakele noma engekho.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kwalokhu kufakelwa, isikhumba esisanda kuxhunyelelwa siqala ukukhula imithambo yegazi. Bese sihlangana nesikhumba esizungezile bese siqala ukusebenza njengesikhumba esisodwa. Lena inqubo emangalisayo ngempela.
Kudingeka nini ukufakelwa kwesikhumba?
Ngokuvamile, uma sinenxeba elincane, isikhumba sethu singazelapha ngokwaso. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, umonakalo esikhumbeni uba mubi kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukuzelapha ngokwawo. Yilapho udokotela enquma ukwenza i-graft yesikhumba.
- Ukusha: Ukusha okukhulu okubangelwa umlilo, amanzi ashisayo, noma amakhemikhali kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu esikhumbeni.
- Ukutheleleka: Ezinye izifo ezinzima zingabangela ukuba indawo enkulu yesikhumba ife.
- Ukuhlinzwa kokususa umdlavuza wesikhumba: Ukugcwalisa isikhala esisele ngemva kokususwa komdlavuza wesikhumba ngokuhlinzwa.
- Izilonda zesikhumba kanye nezilonda zokulala: Amanxeba angapholi emilenzeni abangelwa izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, noma ukulimala kwengcindezi ezigulini ezilele embhedeni.
- Amanxeba amakhulu kakhulu: Indawo enkulu yesikhumba yalahleka ngemuva kwengozi enkulu.
Utholaphi isikhumba sokufakelwa?
Esikhathini esiningi, odokotela bathatha isikhumba emzimbeni wesiguli ukuze basifake. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "i-Autograft". Ngenxa yokuthi basebenzisa isikhumba sabo, umzimba awusenqabi. Leyo yindlela engcono kakhulu nephumelela kakhulu.
Kodwa ake sithi cishe u-80% womzimba wonke womuntu ushile. Khona-ke kungaba nzima ukuthola isikhumba esinempilo emzimbeni wakhe, akunjalo? Ezimweni ezinjalo ezikhethekile, ezinye izindlela zisetshenziswa njengezixazululo zesikhashana.
- I-Allograft: Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana kwesikhumba somuntu oshonile (isidumbu).
- I-Xenograft:Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana kwesikhumba sesilwane, ngokuvamile ingulube.
Khumbula, kokubili "i-Allograft" kanye ne-"Xenograft" kungokwesikhashana . Kufana 'neplasta' ebekwa enxebeni kuze kube yilapho iphola. Njengoba inxeba liphola ngaphansi kwalesi simbozo sesikhashana, isikhumba sesiguli esinempilo siyakhula, bese kwenziwa i-graft ehlala njalo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokufakelwa kwesikhumba?
Uma kukhulunywa ngokufakelwa isikhumba, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi isikhumba singakanani. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha uhlobo olufanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nohlobo lwesilonda sakho nendawo yaso.
| Uhlobo lwe-Graft | Incazelo | Izikhathi ezivame ukusetshenziswa |
|---|---|---|
| Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba okuqhekekile (STSG) | Kule nqubo, kususwa ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba (i-epidermis) kanye nengxenye yongqimba lwesibili (i-dermis). Indawo enikelwe iyaziphilisa ngokwayo zingakapheli amasonto angu-1-2. | Ukuze kumbozwe indawo enkulu yomzimba (isb., ukusha okukhulu). Isikhumba sivame ukuthathwa ezindaweni ezifana namathanga, isisu, kanye nomhlane. |
| Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba okujiyile ngokuphelele (FTSG) | Lapha, ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba kanye nongqimba lwesibili kususwa ngokuphelele. Lokhu kukhulu futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola. Indawo lapho isikhumba sisusiwe khona ivalwa ngezithungo. | Ezindaweni lapho ukubukeka kubalulekile, njengobuso, ezingamboziwe izingubo. Isikhumba sithathwa ezindaweni ezifana ne-groin, emakhwapheni, kanye naseduze kwe-collarbone. |
| I-graft ehlanganisiwe | Lapha, isikhumba sixhunyelelwa ndawonye nolunye uhlobo lwezicubu, njenge-cartilage. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. | Ukulungisa umonakalo ezindaweni ezifana nekhala, izinzwane, kanye nezindlebe. |
Yini okudingeka uyazi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela uzokhuluma nawe futhi akuchazele konke.
- Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo (ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi ). Angase akucele ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha isikhashana ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu, uma ubhema, kufanele uyeke ukubhema ngokuphelele amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Ukubhema kunciphisa imithambo yegazi futhi kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi endaweni yenxeba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhumba esisha asitholi umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba esizidingayo. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuthi singanamatheli kahle futhi senqatshwe.
- Udokotela uzonquma indawo engcono kakhulu yokuyisa isikhumba lapho kutshalwa khona (indawo yabanikeli) kanye nendawo eyonakele (indawo yokuxhunyelelwa). Isikhumba esikhethiwe kufanele sifane ngombala nangokuthungwa kwendawo eyonakele ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa esibhedlela. Ngokuvamile unikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ngakho awuzwa lutho.
1. Okokuqala, udokotela ohlinzayo usika futhi asuse inani elidingekayo lesikhumba endaweni yomnikeli.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwenziwa imihuzuko emincane eminingana endaweni yesikhumba esisusiwe, njenge-mesh. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-meshing'. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze ngisho nengxenye encane yesikhumba ingadonswa ndawonye ukuze imboze indawo enkulu. Futhi, lezi zimbobo zidala indlela yokukhipha uketshezi oluvela enxebeni.
3. Ekugcineni, lesi sikhumba esilungisiwe sibekwa phezu kwendawo eyonakele (indawo yokufakelwa) bese siqiniswa ngezitishi noma izinti ezikhethekile.
4. Ngemuva kwalokho, zombili izindawo (indawo yokufakelwa kwesikhumba kanye nendawo yokufakelwa) zihlanzwa kahle futhi zimbozwe ngezingubo ezikhethekile.
Uyini umthwalo wemfanelo wakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Impumelelo yokuhlinzwa incike kakhulu ekutheni uyinakekela kahle kangakanani ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Udinga ukunakekela izindawo ezimbili - indawo yokufakelwa kwesikhumba kanye nendawo yokufakelwa kwesikhumba.
Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ambalwa, kuye ngobukhulu kanye nohlobo lwe-implant. Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela .
- Indlela yokunakekela i-dressing: Gcina i-dressing njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshelile. Cela imininingwane yokuthi ungayishintsha kanjani, ukuthi uyigcine isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi uyicwilise emanzini noma cha. Ungase utshelwe ukuthi usebenzise okhilimu.
- Vikela inxeba: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Gwema noma yini engabangela ukungqubuzana noma ukudonsa indawo kuze kube yilapho i-graft yesikhumba inamathele kahle. Kuzodingeka ugweme ukuphakamisa izinsimbi, ukugijima, ukugxuma, noma ukwenza noma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba okungabangela i-graft yesikhumba ukuba yeluleke okungenani amasonto ama-3-4.
- Ukulawulwa kobuhlungu: Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Thatha imithi yobuhlungu oyinikezwe udokotela wakho ngesikhathi.
- Ukulandelela: Qiniseka ukuthi uya kudokotela ukuze ubone ukuthi inxeba liphola kahle yini. Ungathunyelwa futhi ukuze uthole ukwelashwa ngokomzimba (PT). Lokhu kuzosiza ukwandisa ukuqina kwesikhumba esihlanganisiwe futhi kuvimbele izicubu zesilonda ukuthi zingaqini.
Ingabe kukhona izingozi kulokhu?
Iningi lokufakelwa kwesikhumba liyaphumelela. Kodwa njengazo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile. Ingozi enkulu ukuthi isikhumba esifakwe kuso singase singanamatheli kahle endaweni okufakwe kuyo (ukwehluleka kokufakelwa) . Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani lokhu kungenzeka.
- Igazi noma ubomvu buqoqana ngaphansi kwesikhumba esihlanganisiwe.
- Ukutheleleka kwenxeba.
- Umonakalo endaweni yokufakelwa ngesikhathi sokuphulukiswa (isb., iqhubu eliqinile, ukudonswa).
- Izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kwababhemayo .
Ezinye izinkinga zingase zihlanganise ukuphuma kwegazi, ukufinyela kwesikhumba esihlanganisiwe, ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, ukulahlekelwa/ukwanda kwemizwa, kanye nezibazi.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukushayela udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha uma ubona noma yini engavamile, kunokuhlala ekhaya ngokwesaba.
Uma unalezi zimpawu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma inxeba liphuma igazi kakhulu noma ubomvu buphuma.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu obungenakulawuleka ngisho nangemithi yobuhlungu.
- Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane kanye nokubanda.
Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa eshintsha impilo futhi ezuzisa kakhulu. Kungabuyisela isikhumba esilahlekile, kuthuthukise ukubukeka, futhi kubuyisele ukusebenza komzimba. Ngakho-ke ungesabi. Uma ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo, ungathola imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-skin graft iwukufaka esikhundleni sesikhumba esonakele ngesikhumba esinempilo esithathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba.
- Lena indlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo esetshenziswa kabanzi ezimweni ezifana nokusha, amanxeba angapholi, kanye nokuhlinzwa komdlavuza.
- Ukuze ukuhlinzwa kuphumelele, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokuqinile ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Uma ubhema, ukuyeka ngokuphelele ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa kubaluleke kakhulu enkambisweni yokuphulukiswa.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokopha ngokweqile/ukuphuma kobomvu esilondeni, ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma umkhuhlane, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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