Wake wabhekana nalokhu? Namuhla uphethwe yikhanda, kusasa uphethwe yiqolo, ngosuku olulandelayo uphethwe yisisu... Uhlala ubuyela emuva nokugula ngakunye. Uya kodokotela abaningi ngenxa yazo zonke lezi zinto, wenza izivivinyo eziningi njengegazi, umchamo, ama-scan, njll. Kodwa akukho neyodwa yalezo mibiko engathola imbangela enkulu njengenkinga yakho. Ngisho noma udokotela ethi, "Awunaso isifo esibi kakhulu," awukwazi ukukholwa. Unokwesaba engqondweni yakho ukuthi "O, nginesifo esibi kakhulu." Uchitha ingxenye enkulu yosuku lwakho ucabanga futhi ukhathazeka ngalezi zifo zomzimba. Ingabe lesi simo sibe yisithiyo esikhulu empilweni yomndeni wakho, emsebenzini, nasemisebenzini yansuku zonke? Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqaphele lesi simo sempilo yengqondo esikhuluma ngaso namuhla, okungukuthi, `(Somatic Symptom Disorder)`.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD)?
Lesi yisimo sempilo yengqondo esiyinkimbinkimbi ngandlela thile. Kalula nje, yilapho umuntu ekhathazeka ngokweqile, okungajwayelekile ngesibonakaliso somzimba (njengobuhlungu noma ukukhathala) futhi impendulo yaso iphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke.
Into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqonde lapha ukuthi lezi zimpawu azizona ezamanga. Lokho kusho ukuthi awuzenzi. Uzwa ngempela lobo buhlungu, lokho kungakhululeki. Kodwa inkinga iwukuthi, impendulo yengqondo yakho kulezo zimpawu idlulile kakhulu.
Cabanga ngalokhu. Umuntu unesifo esivamile sesisu. Kodwa umuntu one-SSD ucabanga ngalobo buhlungu, "O, angazi ukuthi nginomdlavuza wamathumbu." Bese bekhathazeka ngakho usuku lonke, baya kodokotela, futhi bathole izivivinyo. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kungabi khona imbangela ecacile yezokwelapha yalezi zimpawu zomzimba. Noma, noma ngabe kukhona isimo esithile sezokwelapha, ukwesaba, ukukhathazeka, kanye nezenzo abazithathayo ngakho kukhulu kakhulu kunesibi sesifo.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi abantu abanalesi simo bavame ukungaqapheli ukuthi banenkinga yempilo yengqondo. Bakholelwa ngobuqotho ukuthi banesifo esibi kakhulu somzimba.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwalesi simo nezinye izimo ezifanayo?
Ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singadidaniswa nezinye izifo zengqondo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lo mehluko. Ake sibheke leli thebula ukuze sikuqonde kalula lokhu.
| Isimo sesifo | Isici esiyinhloko | Izimpawu zomzimba |
|---|---|---|
| Isifo Sezimpawu Zomzimba (i-SSD) | Ukukhathazeka ngokweqile ngesibonakaliso sangempela somzimba kanye nokuphazamiseka kwempilo ngenxa yalokho. | Yebo, ngokuvamile kuba nesibonakaliso esisodwa noma ngaphezulu, njengobuhlungu nokukhathala. |
| Isifo Sokukhathazeka Ngezifo | Ukwesaba ngokweqile ukuba nesifo noma ukuhlaselwa yiso kanye nokucabanga ngaso njalo. | Ngokuvamile akunjalo. Laba bantu besaba izinto ezincane kakhulu ezingenazo izimpawu zomzimba. |
| Isifo Sokuguqulwa | Ukuvela kwezimpawu zemizwa (isib., ukulahlekelwa yimilenze ngokuzumayo, ukulahlekelwa umbono) ngaphandle kwesizathu sezokwelapha. | Yebo, izimpawu ezihlobene nesimiso sezinzwa ziyenzeka. Kodwa ukukhathazeka ngokweqile ngalezo zimpawu akuyona ingxenye ebalulekile yalokhu kutholakala kwesifo. |
Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lesi simo?
Isifo Somatic Symptom Disorder singathinta izingane, intsha, kanye nabantu abadala, futhi singathinta noma ubani. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile siqala ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30. Izifundo zithole ukuthi lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane ngokuphindwe kayishumi kunakwabesilisa. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kuka-5% no-7% wabantu abadala bangaba nalesi simo.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Somatic Symptom Disorder?
Izimpawu zalokhu zingahlukaniswa zibe izingxenye ezimbili. Eyokuqala imizwa engokwenyama, kanti enye izimpendulo zengqondo nezokuziphatha kuyo.
1. Izimpawu zomzimba
Lokhu kungahluka kakhulu, kusukela kokuncane kuya kokukhulu.
- Ubuhlungu: Lolu uphawu oluvame ukubikwa. Ubuhlungu bungenzeka noma kuphi, njengekhanda, umhlane, isisu, noma amalunga.
- Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula: Ukuzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukuphefumula (i-Dyspnea).
2. Izimpendulo kulezo zimpawu (imicabango, imizwa, kanye nokuziphatha)
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yalesi simo: indlela umuntu asabela ngayo ezimpawini zakhe zomzimba.
| Ukuziphatha noma umcabango | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukukhathazeka | Ukuzizwa ukwesaba nokukhathazeka ngokweqile njalo ngezimpawu zabo zomzimba. |
| Ukucabanga okuyingozi | Ngisho noma unekhanda elibuhlungu elijwayelekile, ungacabanga ngento embi kakhulu, njengokuthi "Angazi ukuthi nginesimila sobuchopho." |
| Ukungathembi imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha | Ngisho noma udokotela esekwenzile ukuhlolwa wathi, "Awunazo izinkinga," usacabanga ukuthi, "Cha, cha, udokotela akakwazanga ukuthola ukugula kwami." |
| Ukushintsha odokotela njalo (Ukuthenga Odokotela) | Ukungakwamukeli okushiwo udokotela oyedwa, kodwa ukuya kodokotela abaningi ngethemba lokuthola ikhambi lokugula kwakho. |
| Ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi kakhulu empilweni | Ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi sosuku namandla ucwaninga, ukhuluma, futhi ukhathazekile ngesifo sakho. |
| Ukuthembela kwabanye | Ukucela njalo abanye ukuthi bakusize futhi bakunakekele, kanye nokuthukuthela lapho izidingo zakho zingahlangatshezwa. |
| Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwansuku zonke | Le micabango kanye nokuziphatha kwenza kube nzima ukuya emsebenzini, ukwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya, noma ukuhlanganyela ekuxhumaneni nabantu. |
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?
Akukho sizathu esisodwa salokhu. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi inhlanganisela yezici zofuzo, ezemvelo kanye nezengqondo idlala indima.
- Okuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu ngesikhathi sobuntwana: Izinto ezifana nokuxhashazwa ngokomzimba noma ngokocansi ngesikhathi sobuntwana zingaba nomthelela.
- Ukuntuleka kobuhlakani bemizwa: Ukungafundi ukuhlonza nokuphatha imizwa yakho (ukudabuka, injabulo, intukuthelo) ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi sobuntwana. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungabangelwa ukunganakwa kwabazali noma ukuntuleka kothando. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, ingane ingase ifunde ukuthi okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukunakwa ukugula.
- Ukukhathazeka ngokweqile kanye nokwesaba umzimba: Abanye abantu bazwela kakhulu izinguquko emizimbeni yabo, ngisho nezinhlungu ezincane, kusukela besebancane. Lesi simo singaba yinto evamile kubantu abanjalo.
Ukubona kanjani ngokunembile lokhu njengesifo?
Inqubo yokuhlonza lokhu ihlukile kancane.
1. Uma uqala ukuya kudokotela, uzokuxilonga bese e-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi, umchamo, kanye nokuskena ukuze abone ukuthi zikhona yini ezinye izimo zomzimba ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho.
2. Uma lezo zivivinyo zingatholi imbangela enkulu yomzimba yezimpawu zakho, noma uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi ukukhathazeka kwakho kungaphezu kobukhulu besifo, angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo (isib., udokotela wezifo zengqondo).
Udokotela wezifo zengqondo uzoqinisekisa lokhu njengokuxilongwa ngokusekelwe ezicini ezimbalwa ezithile. Umuntu kumele abe nesibonakaliso esisodwa noma ngaphezulu somzimba esiphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okungenani okukodwa kwalokhu okulandelayo kumele kwenzeke ngenxa yalezo zimpawu:
- Ukucabanga ngokweqile nokude kakhulu ngobucayi bezimpawu.
- Ukuba nokukhathazeka okuqhubekayo ngempilo noma izimpawu.
- Ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi namandla ukhathazekile ngezimpawu zomzimba nezinkinga zempilo.
Abantu abanalesi simo bavame ukungavumi ukuthi ukukhathazeka nokwesaba kwabo akulawuleki. Bahlala benomuzwa wokuthi ukwesaba kwabo kufanele.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha lokhu ukuphatha izimpawu zomzimba ngenkathi futhi welapha izinkinga zengqondo eziyisisekelo. Izindlela ezimbili zokwelapha eziyinhloko zisetshenziswa kulokhu.
1. Ukwelapha ngokwengqondo
Lena yindlela yokwelapha ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT) kusebenza kahle kakhulu lapha.
I-CBT isebenza ngokushintsha izindlela zakho zokucabanga, okukusiza ukuthi ushintshe imizwa yakho nokuziphatha kwakho. Ungathola lokhu kwelashwa ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo.
Indlela ukwelashwa kwe-CBT okungakusiza ngayo:
- Indlela ocabanga ngayo ngesifo sakho ikusiza ukuthi uhlole izinkolelo zakho.
- Ifundisa izindlela zokunciphisa ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka ngezimpawu.
- Kuyasiza ukuyeka ukucabanga njalo ngezimpawu zomzimba.
- Kukusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziya ziba zimbi kangakanani.
- Bakufundisa izindlela zokuhlala uxhumene nabantu futhi usebenza, noma ngabe unezinhlungu noma ezinye izimpawu.
- Kukunika amandla okwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke kahle.
2. Imithi
Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi. Imithi yokucindezeleka iyasebenza kakhulu. Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa imizwa, le mithi itholakale isiza ukulawula izimpawu zomzimba ezifana nobuhlungu, ukukhathala, kanye nokungalali.
Iyini ikusasa lalesi simo?
Isifo Somatic Symptom Disorder sivame ukuba yisimo sesikhathi eside (esingamahlalakhona) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpawu zingahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka. Zingase zinciphe ngezinye izikhathi bese ziphinde zande.
Izinto ezingenzeka uma zingelashwa:
- Ukungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
- Ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi noma ukungasebenzi kahle emsebenzini.
- Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo.
- Ukwehla kwezinga lempilo.
- Ukulutheka kotshwala nezidakamizwa.
Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zabo futhi baphile impilo enhle.
Yini okufanele uyenze?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, kunezinyathelo eziningana ongazithatha ukuze uzisize.
- Khetha udokotela omethembayo: Gcina umuntu ofanayo nodokotela wakho oyinhloko. Yakha ubuhlobo obuhle nobethembanayo naye. Lokhu kungakusiza ugweme ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okungadingekile.
- Bona udokotela wakho njalo: Bona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze uxoxe ngezimpawu zakho zomzimba nokuthi ubhekana kanjani nazo.
- Funa usizo kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo :Bonana nodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo njalo ukuze ulawule izimpawu zakho zengqondo, njengokukhathazeka ngokweqile nokwesaba.
Uma unamahloni kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngenxa yokwesaba izimpawu zakho zomzimba, noma uma ubhekene nezimpawu zokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Khumbula, i-Somatic Symptom Disorder iyisimo sempilo yengqondo. Njenganoma yisiphi isifo sengqondo, ukufuna usizo ekuqaleni kwezimpawu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuphazamiseka empilweni yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo Sezimpawu Zomzimba siyisifo sangempela sezokwelapha esizibonakalisa njengezimpawu zomzimba zokucindezeleka kwengqondo.
- Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki okuzwayo kungokoqobo. Akusikho nje ukuzenzisa noma "ukugula kwengqondo."
- Inkinga enkulu lapha ukusabela kwakho ngokweqile kulezo zimpawu (ukwesaba ngokweqile, ukukhathazeka, kanye nokuziphatha).
- Lokhu akusibo ubuthakathaka. Kungase kube nezizathu ezijulile zalokhu , njengokuhlangenwe nakho kwasebuntwaneni.
- Lesi simo singaphathwa ngempumelelo kakhulu ngokwelashwa kwengqondo njenge-CBT kanye, uma kudingeka, nemithi. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
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