Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ukuthola kunzima ukuveza imicabango yakho ngamazwi? Noma uzizwa sengathi ingane yakho encane ayikhulumi eneminyaka yayo? Mhlawumbe iyanginda, noma inenkinga yokuphimisela izinhlamvu ezithile. Ukwelapha ngenkulumo kuyindlela yokwelapha ewusizo engasiza kulezi zinkinga. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela elula nenobungane namuhla.
Kuyini Ukwelapha Ngenkulumo?
Kalula nje, ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kuyindlela yokwelapha ethuthukisa ikhono lakho lokukhuluma, ukusebenzisa ulimi, nokuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukusiza ukuthi uveze imicabango yakho ngokucacile nangokunembile ukuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo. Ngezinye izikhathi kungasiza futhi ekuthuthukiseni izinto ezifana nenkumbulo namakhono okuxazulula izinkinga.
Isazi Sezifo Zolimi Lokukhuluma (SLP) sizokusiza ngalokhu. Siphinde sibabize ngokuthi "abelaphi bezinkulumo." Bazokusiza ukuthola izivivinyo kanye nokwelashwa okufanele wena. Nakuba abanye abantu bedinga usizo lokukhuluma, abanye badinga usizo lokuqonda ulimi.
Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kungathuthukisa izinto ezifana nalezi:
- Amakhono olimi ezinganeni ezincane: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane ezisaqala ukukhuluma.
- Indlela yokusebenzisa izwi lakho: Prakthiza ukusebenzisa izwi lakho ngokucacile nangendlela efanele.
- Ukuqonda ulimi: Ikhono lokuqonda amagama nemisho ekhulunywa abanye.
- Ukukhuluma kahle: Ikhono lokukhuluma kahle ngaphandle kokukhubeka noma ukungingiza.
- Ukucaca kanye nokuveza imibono: Ikhono lokusho lokho ofuna ukukusho kalula nangokucacile.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngidinga lokhu kwelashwa?
Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho inenkinga yokukhuluma, uzoqala ngokukuthumela kwezinye izivivinyo. Lezi zivivinyo zingasiza ekutholeni imbangela eyisisekelo yenkinga yokuxhumana.
Cabanga ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga yokukhuluma. Udokotela cishe uzoqala ngokuyalela ukuhlolwa kokuzwa ukuze abone ukuthi ingane iyakuzwa yini. Ngoba kunzima ukufunda ukukhuluma uma ingane ingezwa. Uma ukuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho lutho olungalungile ngengane, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubonana nodokotela wezifo zokukhuluma.
Ngakho-ke uma unokungabaza, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela womndeni wakho kuqala. Uzokuqondisa ngendlela efanele.
Yiziphi izimo ezingasiza ekwelashweni kwenkulumo?
Noma ubani onezinkinga zokukhuluma noma zolimi angazuza ekwelashweni kwenkulumo. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela batusa futhi lokhu kwelashwa kubantu abanobunzima bokugwinya ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma isimo sempilo. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ezinye zezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha kwenkulumo.
| Isimo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Aphasia | Ubunzima bokufunda, ukubhala, ukukhuluma, nokuqonda ulimi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngemva kokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi noma omunye umonakalo ebuchosheni. |
| I-Apraxia | Uyazi ukuthi ufuna ukuthini, kodwa unenkinga yokukhipha amagama. Kunenkinga ngokuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho bakho nemisipha yomlomo wakho. |
| Isifo Sokukhuluma | Ukungakwazi ukuphimisela imisindo ethile ngendlela efanele. Isibonelo, ukusho 'ya' esikhundleni sika-'ra', noma ukwenza umsindo ofana no-'tha' esikhundleni sika-'sa'. |
| Izinkinga zokuqonda nokuxhumana | Ubunzima bokuxhumana obubangelwa ukulimala kwengxenye yobuchopho elawula ukucabanga. Lokhu kuthinta izinto ezifana nenkumbulo, ukunaka, kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga. |
| I-Dysarthria | Ukukhuluma okuhamba kancane noma ukukhuluma okungaqondakali. Lokhu kubangelwa ubuthakathaka bemisipha ehilelekile ekukhulumeni. Kungabangelwa izifo zesimiso sezinzwa ezifana nesifo sohlangothi, i-MS, kanye ne-ALS. |
| Ukuphazamiseka Kokukhuluma | Ubunzima bokuveza imicabango nemibono ngamazwi. |
| Ukuphazamiseka Kokukhuluma Okukhulu | Ukuphazamiseka kwesivinini, isigqi, kanye nokugeleza kwenkulumo. Ukungingiza kuyisibonelo esihle salokhu. |
| Izinkinga Zokwamukela | Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ubunzima bokuqonda nokuqonda okushiwo abanye, isilulumagama esilinganiselwe, kanye nobunzima bokulandela imiyalelo. |
Yiziphi izinto ezenziwayo kulezi zindlela zokwelapha?
Izindlela zokwelapha ngenkulumo zihlukile kancane ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.
Ezinganeni , ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokudlala. Kusetshenziswa izithombe ezahlukahlukene, amathoyizi, kanye nemidlalo yebhodi, amakhono olimi ayathuthukiswa ngaphandle kokuthi ingane iqaphele.
Kubantu abadala , ukwelashwa kuvame ukugxila ekuthuthukiseni ikhono elithile noma ekwakheni kabusha ikhono elilahlekile, njengokuqinisa ukuxhumanisa ubuchopho nomlomo.
Lezi ezinye zezinto ezenziwayo phakathi nalezi zindlela zokwelapha:
- Ukuzivocavoca ngolimi nomlomo: Udokotela wakho wezifo zengqondo uzokufundisa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ezizoqinisa umlomo nolimi lwakho. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuqeqesha ulimi lwakho ukuthi luhambe ngokunembile nangendlela ehlelekile.
- Izimo zobuso: Izinto ezinjengokumomotheka, ukusunduza izindebe zakho, bese uphumuza ubuso bakho kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni amakhono okunyakaza komzimba.
- Ukufunda ngokuzwakalayo: Lokhu kuyindlela enhle yokuqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho nomlomo.
- Imidlalo yamagama: Ungathuthukisa amakhono akho okucabanga ngokudlala imidlalo yememori kanye namaphazili okusesha amagama.
Kuzodingeka isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa?
Ayikho impendulo eyodwa kulokhu, njengoba kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Ezinye izinkinga zokukhuluma ziyathuthuka kancane kancane njengoba iminyaka ikhula. Ezinye izimo zingadinga iminyaka yokwelashwa. Uma inkinga ibangelwa yisimo sezokwelapha, ukukhuluma kungathuthuka njengoba isimo siphela.
Ubude besikhathi esidingekayo sokwelashwa buxhomeke ezintweni ezifana nalezi:
- iminyaka yakho.
- Uhlobo lwenkinga yokukhuluma.
- Kuye kwathinta kangakanani amakhono akho okuxhumana?
- Ukuthi isimo sezempilo esiyisisekelo sidinga ukwelashwa.
- Izinga ohlanganyela ngalo ekwelashweni nasekuqeqeshweni.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha nje lapho uzwa ukuthi unenkinga yokukhuluma, ukulalela abanye, noma ukuxhumana. Ungalibali, ikakhulukazi uma ubona izimpawu ezilandelayo enganeni yakho.
- Uma bekhuluma kancane kunezingane ezivamile noma bekhuluma kancane kakhulu.
- Sebenzisa amagama, uma ukuthola kunzima ukwakha imisho.
- Uma ukuthola kunzima ukuqonda umusho olula.
- Uma ukhungatheka ngokushesha lapho ufunda, ulalele, noma ukhuluma.
Ukwelapha ngenkulumo kuyinto edinga isineke, ukuzinikela, kanye nokuzibophezela. Ngakho-ke yiba nesineke. Jabula ngentuthuko oyenzayo kancane kancane. Lolu hambo luzokusiza nakanjani uthole ukuzimela okwengeziwe, ukuzethemba, kanye nekhwalithi yempilo engcono.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo engasizi nje kuphela ekukhulumeni, kodwa futhi nasezinkingeni ezifana nokuqonda ulimi, ukuveza imibono, kanye nokugwinya ubunzima.
- Lokhu kuzuzisa noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala, kodwa ezinkingeni ezinganeni ezincane, ukuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungaletha imiphumela engcono.
- Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinkinga noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuxhumana, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kudinga isikhathi, isineke, kanye nokuzijwayeza, futhi kuzosiza kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yempilo yakho kanye nokuzethemba.
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