Njengomzali, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazibuza lo mbuzo. "Ingabe imijovo izobangela ingane yami ukuba ibe ne-autism ?" Lena impikiswano enkulu kanye nokwesaba phakathi kwabantu abaningi. Kunemibono eminingi ehlukene ngalokhu, ikakhulukazi kwi-inthanethi. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthola ukuthi yini eyiqiniso nokuthi yini engamanga. Namuhla sikhuluma ngokuhlolwa okukhethekile okwenziwe eMelika maqondana nobudlelwano phakathi kwemijovo kanye ne-autism. Ake sixoxe kafushane ngalokho okwenzekile ngempela nokuthi yini okudingeka siyiqonde kukho.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kanye nengxoxo kwaqala kanjani ngempela?
Okokuqala, ngokuphambene neminye imibiko kwabezindaba, ayikho inkantolo yaseMelika esike yanquma ukuthi imijovo ibangela i-autism.
Le ndaba yaduma kakhulu ngendaba kaHannah Poling, intombazane abazali bayo abathi yaba ne-autism ngemuva kokugonywa. Uhulumeni wase-US uvumile ukuthi lo muthi wokugoma kungenzeka ukuthi wandisa isimo sayo esiyisisekelo (isifo se-Mitochondrial) futhi wabangela izimpawu ze-autism . Lokhu akusho ukuthi lo muthi wokugoma ubangele i-autism enganeni enempilo, kodwa kunalokho wandisa isimo esingavamile esiyisisekelo.
Nakuba lesi sigameko siholele enkolelweni esakazekile yokuthi " imijovo ibangela i-autism," lesi yisigameko esisodwa kuphela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwanqunywa ukuthi kuqoqwe izinsolo ezinjalo ezingaba ngu-5,000 futhi kubanjwe icala elilodwa lazo zonke. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Omnibus Autism Proceeding'.
Kungani uhulumeni ekhokha isinxephezelo esikhundleni sezinkampani zokugoma?
Lokhu futhi kuyinkinga ebaluleke kakhulu. Cabanga ngakho, akukho muthi ophephile ngokuphelele. Akuvamile ukuthi kube nemiphumela emibi. Kunjalo nangemijovo. Kodwa izinzuzo zemijovo zidlula kakhulu umonakalo omncane.
Esikhathini esidlule, ngaphambi kuka-1988, lapho abantu baseMelika belinyazwa umuthi wokugoma, babemangalela inkampani yokugoma ngqo. Lokhu kwaholela ekutheni izinkampani zokugoma zidingeke zikhokhe isinxephezelo esikhulu, futhi ezinye izinkampani zaqala nokuhoxa ekukhiqizeni umuthi wokugoma. Lokhu kuyingozi enkulu empilweni yezwe.
Ukuze kuvinjelwe lesi simo, uhulumeni wase-US waphasisa umthetho okhethekile ngo-1986. Ngawo, uhulumeni wadala isikhwama esikhethekile (`Uhlelo Lokunxephezela Ukulimala Kokugoma - i-VICP`) ukuvikela izinkampani zokugoma ezinkantolo futhi uzinxephezele uma kwenzeka umuntu elimala ngomjovo. Lesi sikhwama sixhaswa ngemali encane evela kuyo yonke imijovo enikezwayo. Lolu hlelo luvumela izinkampani zokugoma ukuthi ziqhubeke nokukhiqiza imijovo esindisa impilo ngaphandle kokwesaba, futhi ubulungiswa bunikezwa noma ngubani olimele ngempela.
Iyini le 'Nqanawa Yokugoma'?
'INkantolo Yokugoma' yigama elivamile lesimiso senkantolo ekhethekile esiqondisa lolu hlelo lokunxephezela (i-VICP). Lokhu akufani nenkantolo evamile. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi uma umuntu ethi ulinyazwe umuthi wokugoma, uyahlola ukuthi kuyiqiniso noma cha.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuthola isinxephezelo salokhu:
1. Ukulimala 'Etafuleni': Kukhona uhlu lwemiphumela emibi uhulumeni ayibonile futhi ayamukele ngangokunokwenzeka esikhathini esifushane ngemva kokunikezwa komjovo. Uma othile eba nokulimala kulolo hlu, kucatshangwa ukuthi umjovo yiwona owabangela futhi isinxephezelo siyakhokhwa ngaphandle kobufakazi obuningi.
2. Ukulimala 'Okungafanele': Uma ukulimala umuntu abhekene nakho kungekho kulolo hlu (i-autism ayikho nakulolu hlu), umuntu kumele afakazele ukuthi umjovo wawuyimbangela yokulimala kwakhe. Lokhu kuzanywa njengecala elivamile.
Njengoba i-autism ingekho kulolo hlu oluqashelwayo, yonke imibiko yokuthi "imijovo ibangele i-autism" kufanele ifakazelwe ngale ndlela.
Konke lokhu kuhlobene kanjani ne-autism?
Cabanga nje, kunezikhalazo ezinjalo ezingaba ngu-5,000. Uma sizama ukufakazela ngayinye, lonke uhlelo lwezobulungiswa luzowa. Ngakho-ke, sinqume ukuhlola imibono emithathu eyinhloko ngemuva kwalezi zikhalazo, bese sikhetha amacala ambalwa kuphela bese siwahlola. Leyo mibono emithathu yile:
| Ithiyori Iyahlolwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Ideology 1 | Ingabe umuthi wokugomela i-measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) kanye neminye imijovo equkethe i-thimerosal enesivikelo esine-mercury ibangela i-autism? |
| I-Ideology 2 | Ingabe imijovo equkethe i-thimerosal yodwa ibangela i-autism? |
| I-Ideology 3 | Ingabe umuthi wokugomela i-MMR wodwa (ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kwe-Thimerosal) ubangela i-autism? |
Lezi zivivinyo zizama ukubona ukuthi le mibono inesisekelo esisemthethweni yini.
Uma icala linqotshwa, ingabe kuzofakazela ngokwesayensi ukuthi imijovo ibangela i-autism?
Cha. Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqonde.
'INkantolo Yokugoma ' yenza isinqumo sezomthetho, hhayi esesayensi. Isinqumo sezomthetho sibheka ukuthi kukhona yini "amathuba ezokwelapha." Okusho ukuthi, "ubudlelwano obunengqondo phakathi kwembangela nomphumela" bungabonakaliswa yini. Akudingi ubufakazi besayensi obuyi-100%.
Kalula nje, inkantolo inganquma ukuthi, "Yebo, kungenzeka ukuthi lo muthi wokugoma uthinte isimo salo mntwana, ngakho-ke isinxephezelo kufanele sikhokhwe." Kodwa lokho akuqinisekisi ngokwesayensi ukuthi "bonke abantwana baba ne-autism ngenxa yemijovo."
Iningi lososayensi lisakholelwa ukuthi abukho ubufakazi obanele bokufakazela ukuxhumana okubanzi phakathi kwemithi yokugoma kanye ne-autism. Mhlawumbe, njengasendabeni kaHannah Pauling, imithi yokugoma ingaba nomthelela othile enganeni enesifo esingavamile kakhulu esingaphansi. Kodwa lokho ngeke kusebenze ezigidini zezingane ezinempilo.
Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukuqonda ukuthi isinqumo senkantolo kanye neqiniso lesayensi kuyizinto ezimbili ezihlukene.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Icala esikhuluma ngalo liyinqubo yezomthetho eyingqayizivele eMelika.
- Akukho nkantolo esike yanquma ukuthi imijovo ibangela i-autism.
- Endabeni kaHannah Paulin, uhulumeni uvumile ukuthi umuthi wokugoma wandisa isimo esingavamile ayenaso kakade. Akusho ukuthi ubangela i-autism enganeni enempilo.
- Isinqumo senkantolo siyisinqumo esisemthethweni. Asifani nobufakazi besayensi obuyi-100%.
- Umphakathi ohamba phambili kwezesayensi nezokwelapha emhlabeni usakholelwa ukuthi ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwemithi yokugoma kanye ne-autism akukafakazelwa.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma unokungabaza noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nokugonywa kwengane yakho noma inkinga yezempilo, sicela ungakholwa yilokho okufundayo ku-inthanethi, kodwa khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wezingane. Bazokunikeza ulwazi olunembile noluthembekile kakhulu.
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