Lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke kuwe noma nini lapho uye kudokotela. Udokotela uthatha le divayisi encane edeskini lakhe ayibeke entanyeni yakhe. Ube esebeka ingxenye yayo eyindilinga, ebandayo esifubeni sakho, ethi, "Phefumula kakhulu... phefumula kancane..." Udokotela ulalela ngokucophelela njengoba wenza kanjalo. Ngezinye izikhathi uvuma ngekhanda bese eqhubekela esivivinyweni esilandelayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ucabanga isikhashana bese enquma ukuthi udinga ukubheka okunye. Akuyona yini into ejwayeleke kakhulu le?
Ngakho-ke, yini ngempela eyenziwa yi-stethoscope?
Kalula nje, i-stethoscope iyithuluzi eliwusizo elisiza odokotela, abahlengikazi, kanye nabasebenzi begumbi lezimo eziphuthumayo ukulalela imisindo evela ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Le misindo ingakutshela ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezici ezahlukahlukene zempilo yakho, okuhlanganisa ukuthi inhliziyo namaphaphu akho asebenza kanjani nokuthi igazi ligeleza kahle yini emithanjeni yakho.
Kwezokwelapha, ukulalela le misindo yangaphakathi yomzimba kubizwa ngokuthi "i-auscultation." Udokotela usebenzisa i-stethoscope ukulalela ikakhulukazi:
- Enhliziyweni yakho: Lalela ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho nokuthi kumnandi kanjani.
- Ngamaphaphu akho: Lalela imisindo oyenzayo njengoba uphefumula ungena futhi uphuma.
- Ngamathumbu akho: Lalela imisindo evela emathunjini akho njengoba inqubo yokugaya ukudla iqhubeka.
- Emithanjeni yakho yegazi: Lalela umsindo wegazi eligeleza kweminye yemithambo yegazi emikhulu.
Cabanga nje, ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, kukhona i-orchestra encane. Isitho ngasinye sinomsindo waso ohlukile, isigqi saso, uma sisebenza. Isibonelo, umsindo wenhliziyo othi "lub-dub". Lena imisindo evamile.
Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, phakathi kwale misindo evamile, singase sizwe nemisindo engavamile. Leyo misindo engavamile iyinkomba yokuqala yenkinga yempilo.
Isibonelo, udokotela angathola imisindo engavamile efana nale nge-stethoscope:
- Imisindo yenhliziyo engavamile: Izinto ezizwakala sengathi inhliziyo iyabubula .
- Imisindo yamaphaphu engavamile: Ukuphefumula noma i-stridor (umsindo onzima) lapho uphefumula.
- Imisindo engavamile yamathumbu: Imisindo enomsindo omkhulu noma enephimbo eliphezulu, ehlukile kumsindo ojwayelekile "wokubhodla" ovela esiswini.
- Imisindo engavamile emithanjeni yegazi: Imisindo ethile ezwakalayo lapho igazi ligeleza emithanjeni ethile yegazi lapho ivinjiwe, isibonelo, umsindo ozwakala emithanjeni ye-carotid entanyeni (`carotid bruit`) .
Uma udokotela ezwa umsindo ongavamile kanje, uyazi ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Kodwa i-stethoscope yodwa ayikwazi ukukutshela ukuthi kuyini noma ukuthi kuyingozi kangakanani. Kodwa lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni isimo . Esebenzisa lesi siqondiso, udokotela wakho angakudlulisela ukuze uthole ezinye izivivinyo, athole ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela, futhi ahlele ukwelashwa okudingekayo.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-stethoscope?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-stethoscope asetshenziswa odokotela. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lwe-stethoscope | Yini ekhethekile ngayo? |
|---|---|
| I-Stethoscope Yendabuko (I-Stethoscope Efanayo) | Lolu uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu esilubonile sonke. Lapha, imisindo evela ngaphakathi emzimbeni iya ngqo endlebeni kadokotela ngepayipi, ngaphandle kosizo lwe-elekthronikhi. Kukhona nezinto ezahlukahlukene ngaphansi kwalesi sigaba, njenge-stethoscopes encane esetshenziselwa izingane ezincane. |
| I-Stethoscope ye-elekthronikhi | Lolu uhlobo oluthuthuke kancane. Lungakhulisa imisindo yomzimba futhi luyenze icace. Ngakho-ke lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu ekuboneni imisindo ecashile nethule (isib. ukububula kwenhliziyo). Kuphinde kusize ekunciphiseni umsindo ongadingekile endaweni ezungezile nokuzwa imisindo edingekayo kuphela. |
| I-Stethoscope Yedijithali | Lobu ubuchwepheshe obuthuthuke kakhulu. Ngaphezu kokukhulisa imisindo, le misindo ingaqoshwa, ilalelwe kamuva, bese yabelwana ngayo nomunye udokotela. Le mininingwane yomsindo ingaguqulwa ibe izinto ezifana namagrafu futhi ihlaziywe kukhompyutha. |
Njengamanje, i-stethoscope esetshenziswa kakhulu eSri Lanka nakwezinye izingxenye eziningi zomhlaba yi-stethoscope yendabuko. Ngalelo thuluzi elilula, udokotela angathola ulwazi oluningi oludingekayo.
Uzwa kanjani umsindo ngalokhu? Yiziphi izingxenye ze-stethoscope?
Indlela esebenza ngayo i-stethoscope ilula kakhulu. Uma into ihamba ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, idala ukudlidliza. Lokhu kudlidliza kudala amaza omsindo. Ingxenye ye-stethoscope enamathele esifubeni sakho ithatha lawa maza omsindo bese iwathumela ngepayipi elingenalutho endlebeni kadokotela. Kufana nomsindo ohamba emhubheni omude.
Ake sibheke izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-stethoscope nokuthi zenzani.
| Ingxenye | Kuyini lokhu? (Kwenzani lokhu?) |
|---|---|
| Isiqephu Sesifuba | Lesi yisiqephu sensimbi nepulasitiki esiyindilinga esibekwa udokotela esikhumbeni sakho. Ngokuvamile sinezinhlangothi ezimbili. Esinye siyihlangothi eliyisicaba, elikhulu. Sibizwa ngokuthi i-diaphragm . Esinye siyihlangothi elincane, elingenalutho, elifana nendebe. Sibizwa ngokuthi insimbi . Ungashintsha phakathi kwalezi zinhlangothi ezimbili ukuze uzwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zemisindo. |
| Ukufaka amapayipi | Leli yipayipi elingenalutho, elinjengerabha elithwala umsindo osuka esifubeni uye endlebeni kadokotela. Ngokuvamile lihlukana kabili ngesimo sika-Y, lixhumanisa nezindlebe zombili. |
| Amapayipi Endlebe Namathiphu | Lezi yizingxenye zensimbi eziqondisa umsindo ovela epayipini ngqo endlebeni kadokotela. Zinezingxenye ezithambile emaphethelweni, njengezingcingo esizisebenzisa ukulalela umculo. Lezi zigcina i-stethoscope iqinile endlebeni futhi zinciphisa inani lomsindo wangaphandle ongena. |
Ubani owenze le divayisi emangalisayo?
I-stethoscope yasungulwa okokuqala ngo-1816 ngudokotela waseFrance ogama lakhe linguRené Laennec . Kodwa i-stethoscope yokuqala ayenza yayihluke kakhulu kule esiyibona namuhla. Yayiyipayipi nje elilula elenziwe ngokhuni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, odokotela abaningi bayithuthukisa kancane kancane. Umklamo oyisisekelo we-stethoscope yesimanje esiyibona namuhla wathuthukiswa ngawo-1960.Yasungulwa udokotela waseMelika ogama lakhe linguDavid Littmann.
Ungase ungacabangi kakhulu ngala madivayisi uma ukhathazekile ngokuya kudokotela. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi idivayisi elula njenge-stethoscope, uma ihlanganiswa nolwazi nolwazi lukadokotela, ingaba kanjani ithuluzi elinamandla ekuvikeleni impilo yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-stethoscope iyithuluzi elibalulekile lezokwelapha elisetshenziselwa ukulalela imisindo evela ezithweni zomzimba wakho, njengenhliziyo yakho, amaphaphu kanye namathumbu.
- Udokotela uthola izinkomba eziningi ezibalulekile ngesimo sakho sempilo kusukela emisindweni evamile nengavamile oyizwayo.
- Uma i-stethoscope ikhombisa isifo esithile, udokotela wakho angakuthumela ukuthi uyohlolwa ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi sikhona yini futhi athole ukuthi inkinga iyini ngempela.
- Ngaphezu kwe-stethoscope evamile esiyibonayo namuhla, kukhona nama-stethoscope e-elekthronikhi nawedijithali akhulisa imisindo.
- Le divayisi elula, uma ihlanganiswa nokuhlangenwe nakho kukadokotela, idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu enkambisweni yokutholakala kwesifo kusenesikhathi.
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