Uma unesifo sikaCrohn, cishe uyazi ukuthi imithi nokudla kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zakho ngezinga elikhulu. Kodwa empeleni, cishe abantu abangu-80% abanalesi sifo kuzodingeka bahlinzwe ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa lokhu, kodwa ngemfundo efanele, ungakunqoba lokho kwesaba. Ake sibheke ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka, ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyini, nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo ezingakunikeza zona.
Kungani isifo sikaCrohn sidinga ukuhlinzwa?
Odokotela bavame ukuzama kuqala ukulawula lesi sifo ngemithi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi uma kuvela izinkinga noma uma imithi ingakwazi ukulawula lesi sifo, kungase kunconywe ukuhlinzwa.
Kalula nje, kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho engase acabangele ukuhlinzwa.
Izizathu ezivamile zokuhlinzwa
- Ukuqina kwamathumbu: Isifo sikaCrohn sibangela izilonda ezivame ukuvela emathunjini, bese ziphola futhi zakhe izicubu zesilonda. Lokhu kuqhekeka kubangela ukuthi izindawo ezithile zamathumbu zibe zincane, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi ukudla nendle kudlule. Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko esenza iziguli zikaCrohn zifune ukuhlinzwa.
- Ama-Fistula nama-Abscesses: I-Fistula imane nje iwumhubhe ongavamile owakha phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili zomzimba. Isibonelo, ingxenye yamathumbu ingaxhumana nobuso besikhumba. I-abscess iyisilonda esigcwele ubomvu ngaphakathi esiswini. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kwelashwe.
- Ukuphinda: Uma izimpawu ziphinda zibuya ngemva kokwelashwa, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye yamathumbu eyonakele ebangela lokho.
Zimbalwa kakhulu izizathu zokusebenzisa ukuhlinzwa
- Ukopha kwamathumbu: Uma ukopha okungalawuleki.
- Ukubhoboka kwamathumbu: Imbobo odongeni lwamathumbu ebangelwa yilesi sifo.
- I-Peritonitis: Ukutheleleka kwe-membrane emboze umgodi wesisu. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukubhoboka kwamathumbu.
- Izilonda zomdlavuza noma ezingaphambi komdlavuza: Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza we-colonectal. Uma unalesi simo.
- I-megacolon enobuthi: Isimo esibi lapho ukuvuvukala kwekholoni kubangela ukuthi isakhiwo sayo siwohloke, okubangela ukuba ikhule futhi ilahlekelwe ukusebenza kwayo.
Ukuphila nesifo sikaCrohn kungaba yinto ekhungathekisayo ngezinye izikhathi. Izimpawu zingaphakama bese ziphela. Lokhu kungaqiniseki kungaba yinto eqeda amandla. Nakuba ukuhlinzwa kungase kungelaphe ngokuphelele isifo sikaCrohn, kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu bakho futhi kukuvumele ukuthi wenze izinto ozithandayo futhi.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwesifo sikaCrohn
Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ukuhlinzwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ezimpawini kanye nesimo sakho. Ngezansi kunezinye zezinhlobo zokuhlinzwa ezivame kakhulu.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Ukususa ubomvu esikhumbeni | Uma unethumba (isisu esibuhlungu) elibangelwa ukutheleleka esiswini, kwenziwa inqubo yokukhipha ubomvu. |
| Ukususwa Kwamathumbu | Inqubo ehilela ukusika ingxenye yamathumbu eyonakele noma enezibazi bese kuhlanganiswa kabusha izingxenye ezimbili eziphilile. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa noma ngabe kukhona amangqamuzana anomdlavuza. |
| Ukulungiswa/ukususwa kwe-Fistula | Ukuvala noma ukususa umhubhe ongakahleleki (i-fistula). |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Ostomy | I-stoma iwumgodi osesikhumbeni sesisu (isisu) esikhundleni se-rectum ukuze kuvunyelwe indle ukuthi idlule. Indle iqoqwa ngale mbobo ibe yisikhwama esifakwa esiswini. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yi-colostomy kanye ne-ileostomy. |
| Ukususwa kwekholoni kanye ne-rectum (Proctocolectomy) | Ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe yonke noma ingxenye yamathumbu amakhulu kanye ne-rectum. |
| Ukwandiswa kwezindawo ezinciphile emathunjini (i-Strictureplasty) | Izingxenye zamathumbu ezincishisiwe ngenxa yezibazi ziyanwebeka futhi zithungwe ndawonye, kunokuba zisikwe. Lokhu kuvumela indle ukuthi idlule kalula. |
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Ubude besikhathi lokhu okuzothatha buxhomeke ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa olwenziwayo, ubukhali besimo sakho, kanye nokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yamathumbu akho ethintekile. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imininingwane eqondile ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.
Ziyini izinzuzo zokuhlinzwa?
Ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe banamuhla, ukuhlinzwa okuningi kukaCrohn kwenziwa nge-laparoscopically, okusho ukuthi kwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncane nje. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awunayo i-incision enkulu, kunezithungo ezimbalwa, futhi kunobuhlungu obuncane ngemva kokuhlinzwa .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlinzwa kunganikeza nalezi zinzuzo:
- Ubuhlungu besisu obunciphile.
- Ukuncipha kwezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, uhudo kanye nokuhlanza.
- Isidingo semithi esinciphile.
- Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla.
- Ukuvuselelwa komzimba, ukwanda kwamandla.
- Ukukwazi ukuphuma ube nokuphila komphakathi ngaphandle kokwesaba.
- Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila.
Kodwa khumbula, ukuhlinzwa akusona isiqinisekiso sokuthi izimpawu ngeke zibuye. Cishe abantu abangu-20% abahlinzwa bangadinga ukuhlinzwa okunye eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala.
Ziyini izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ukuhlinzwa kukaCrohn kunezingozi ezithile. Ezinye zezinkinga ezingaba khona zifaka:
- Ukuvuza kwe-anastomotic: Ukuvuza lapho izingxenye ezimbili zamathumbu zixhunyaniswa khona (i-anastomosis).
- Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Ukutheleleka kwesilonda sokuhlinzwa noma umgodi wesisu.
- Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu: Ukuphinda kuvaleka kwamathumbu ngenxa yezibazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukopha ngokweqile.
- Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-stoma: Izinto ezifana nesikhwama se-ostomy ezingafaneleki kahle esikhumbeni.
- Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin B12: Lesi simo singase senzeke uma ingxenye yamathumbu emunca i-vitamin B12 kufanele isuswe.
Uma kuvela izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa kwazo. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi imithi, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, noma ngisho nokunye ukuhlinzwa.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Kungathatha amasonto amane kuya kwayishumi nambili ukululama ngokuphelele ekuhlinzweni kukaCrohn. Iningi labantu lingabuyela emsebenzini cishe emavikini ayisithupha.
Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze ululame sincike ezintweni eziningana:
- Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa owake wakwenza.
- Zingaki ukuhlinzwa oke wakwenza ngaphambili?
- Inani lamathumbu asusiwe.
- Amandla omzimba wakho okuphulukisa amanxeba.
- iminyaka yakho.
- Ezinye izifo onazo.
Ngingahlala isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela?
Iningi labantu kufanele lihlale esibhedlela cishe isonto lonke ngemva kokuhlinzwa (abanye babuyela emakhaya ngokushesha, abanye bahlala isikhathi eside).
Ngesikhathi usesibhedlela, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokwenza okulandelayo:
- Ukuqapha indlela amanxeba akho aphola ngayo.
- Uma ungakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza, nikeza i-saline (i-IV fluids) ngomthambo osengalweni yakho.
- Ukuqala ukudla okuhlanzekile ngesikhathi esifanele.
- Uma usukulungele, shintshela ekudleni okuthambile .
Uma uke wahlinzwa i-ostomy, uzofundiswa indlela yokusebenzisa nokuhlanza isikhwama sakho esisha esibhedlela. Uzothunyelwa ekhaya kuphela uma uqiniseka ukuthi ungakwenza wedwa.
Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kungayelapha ngokuphelele isifo sikaCrohn?
Cha. Ukuhlinzwa akukwazi ukwelapha isifo sikaCrohn. Kuhlale kukhona ithuba lokuthi izimpawu zizobuya ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha kungalawula noma kunciphise izimpawu zakho. Ezimweni eziningi, kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele wena.
Uma ukuhlinzwa kungelaphi lesi sifo, kungani sidinga ukuhlinzwa?
Ungase uzibuze nalokhu. Izingozi zokungahlinzwa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo sakho. Kodwa uma isifo sikaCrohn singelashwa, singaholela ku:
- Ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo.
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo ngendlela engachazeki.
- I-anemia.
- Izimo zokuphila ezimbi kakhulu.
- Izimpawu ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu.
- Ukuvela kwezinguquko zomdlavuza emathunjini.
- Ingozi eyengeziwe yemiphumela emibi yemithi.
- Ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo.
Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle. Bambalwa abantu abadinga ukuhlinzwa manje kunaseminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule. Lokho kungenxa yokuhlolwa kokutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusha nokuthuthukisiwe. Njengamanje, umuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu kuphela odinga ukuhlinzwa eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala yokuxilonga. Umuntu oyedwa kuphela ongakutshela ukuthi yini ekufanele wena udokotela wakho.
Isikhathi sokukhuluma nodokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngemva kokuya ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
| Isibonakaliso | Okufanele ukunake ngokukhethekile |
|---|---|
| Ukungakwazi ukuphuma ngendle | Uma ungenaso isisu izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokubuya esibhedlela. |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Uma unesicanucanu noma ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo. |
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu | Uma ubuhlungu bukhula usuku nosuku esikhundleni sokuncipha. |
| Ushintsho esitulweni | Uma kukhona igazi esitulweni noma uma isitulo simnyama njengethayela. |
| Izimpawu zokuqhekeka kwegazi | Uma uzwa ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala emilenzeni yakho. |
| Izinkinga ze-Ostomy | Uma indle ingakaphumi kusukela ekuvulekeni kwesisu isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angama-24, kungaba uphawu lokuvaleka. |
Umqondo wokuhlinzwa ungaba nzima, ikakhulukazi uma uke wahlinzwa ngaphambili. Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, kungaba usizo olukhulu ukukhuluma nabanye abaye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo. Uma kungenzeka, joyina iqembu lokusekela iziguli zikaCrohn. Kungaba impumuzo enkulu futhi ukwazi ukuthi awuwedwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwesifo sikaCrohn kwenziwa ukwelapha izinkinga ezibangelwa yilesi sifo, njengokuncipha kwamathumbu, ama-fistula, kanye nama-abscesses.
- Ukuhlinzwa akukwazi ukwelapha ngokuphelele isifo sikaCrohn, kodwa kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho ngokunciphisa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu nokukhathala.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngokuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa yini, futhi uma kunjalo, uhlobo luni lokuhlinzwa. Buza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, qaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu, ukuhlanza, kanye negazi esitulweni. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Kunezigidi zabantu abaphila nalesi sifo. Ungathola amandla emaqenjini okusekelana.
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