Ingabe ingane yakho ihlala izizwa ingaphilile? Ingabe amalunga ayo ayabuhlungu? Ingabe ubuso bayo ngezinye izikhathi buthola amabala abomvu, anjengovemvane? Uma ungenazo nje izimpawu ezimbili zalezi, kodwa eziningana zilandelana, ungase ukhathazeke. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esingabangela ukuthi eziningi zalezi zimpawu zivele ndawonye, futhi siyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa singaphathwa kahle . Leyo yi-lupus ezinganeni.
Kalula nje, iyini i-lupus kulabantwana?
I-Lupus yisifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba esingathinta abantu banoma yimuphi ubudala. Kalula nje, umsebenzi oyinhloko wesimiso sethu sokuzivikela komzimba ukusivikela kubahlaseli bangaphandle, njengamagciwane namagciwane abangela izifo. Kodwa umuntu one-lupus unesimo esibi kakhulu. Lesi simiso sokuzivikela komzimba siyaphambuka. Siqala ukubona amangqamuzana aso aphilile nezicubu "njengesitha." Bese siqala ukuhlasela lawo maseli aphilile. Kufana nebutho lethu lihlasela abantu bakithi esikhundleni sokuhlasela abahlaseli bangaphandle.
Uma lesi sifo sitholakala singakafiki eminyakeni engu-18, sisibiza ngokuthi "i-lupus encane." I-Lupus ezinganeni ingaba nzima kakhulu kune-lupus kubantu abadala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi:
- Isifo esisebenza kakhulu: Ukuvuvukala kanye nezimpawu ezihlobene nakho kungase kubonakale kakhulu.
- Ingozi eyengeziwe yokulimala kwezitho zangaphakathi: Izitho ezibalulekile, ikakhulukazi izinso, inhliziyo, amaphaphu kanye nobuchopho, zingathinteka.
- Isidingo sokwelashwa okunamandla kakhulu: Umthamo wemithi kungadingeka ukhuliswe.
- Imiphumela emibi yokusebenzisa imithi isikhathi eside: Kufanele uqaphele imiphumela emibi engaba khona yokusebenzisa imithi, ikakhulukazi ama-steroid (ama-corticosteroids), isikhathi eside.
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-lupus ezinganeni yi -Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) . Uma umuntu ethi "lupus," ngokuvamile usho lolu hlobo lwe-SLE. Lubizwa nangokuthi 'Childhood-onset SLE' noma 'Juvenile-onset SLE'. Izimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela cishe eminyakeni eyi-12. Kodwa-ke, zingaqala kusenesikhathi noma kamuva. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi ingane engaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ibe ne-lupus.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi noma lesi kuyisifo esingamahlalakhona, ngokwelashwa nokuphathwa okufanele, ingane inganikwa ithuba lokuphila impilo evamile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokwesaba, masiqonde lokhu kahle.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi ingane ine-lupus?
Enye yezinto eziyingqayizivele nge-lupus ukuthi akuzona zonke izingane ezinezimpawu ezifanayo. Abanye abantu banezimpawu ezifanayo, kanti abanye banezimpawu ezihluke ngokuphelele. Yingakho odokotela bebiza lokhu ngokuthi "i-lupus fingerprint" - okusho ukuthi umuntu ngamunye unephethini ehlukile yezimpawu.
Ake sihlukanise lezi zimpawu zibe izingxenye ezimbili.
Izimpawu ingane yakho ezizwayo futhi ozibonayo
Lezi yizinto ozibonayo futhi obhekana nazo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kwengane yakho.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhuma Kwebhathane | Kuvela ubomvu ezihlathini zengane nasemlonyeni, njengovemvane osakaze amaphiko alo. Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu lwe-lupus. |
| Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga (i-Arthritis) | Amalunga afana neminwe, izihlakala namadolo kuyabuhlungu futhi kuyavuvuka. Lokhu kuqina kuba kubi kakhulu uma uvuka ekuseni. |
| Ukukhathala | Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi uvilapha usuku lonke, ngisho nangemva kokulala kahle. Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngisho nangemva kokwenza umsebenzi omncane. |
| Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu | Akusiwo ngisho umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane nje. Lo mkhuhlane ungahlala izinsuku eziningi. |
| Ukulahlekelwa Izinwele | Ukulahlekelwa izinwele okuningi kunokujwayelekile. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukulahleka kwezinwele kungaba kubi kakhulu kangangokuthi isikhumba sekhanda siyabonakala kwezinye izindawo. |
| Izilonda zomlomo noma zekhala | Izilonda ezincane ezingenabuhlungu emlonyeni noma ekhaleni. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo | Ngaphandle kokulawula ukudla, isisindo somzimba wengane sizoncipha futhi izoncipha. |
Lezi zimpawu zingase zivele kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma zingase zivele zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Khumbula, ungacabangi ukuthi ingane yakho ine-lupus ngoba nje inesinye salezi zimpawu. Isibonelo, kungaba nezinkulungwane zezinye izizathu zomkhuhlane. Udokotela uzosola i-lupus uma eziningana zalezi zimpawu zivela ndawonye .
Izimpawu ezivezwe ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha
Lezi yizinto ezingatholakala ngokuhlolwa okwenziwa udokotela, ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo.
- Inani elinciphile lamaseli egazi:
- Ukwehla kwamaseli abomvu egazi (i-anemia)
- Inani eliphansi lamaplatelet (i-thrombocytopenia)
- Ukwehla kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (i-leukopenia)
- Ama-Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA): Lolu hlobo lwe-antibody olubizwa ngokuthi i-'ANA' luvame ukubonakala egazini lezingane ezine-lupus. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-ANA okuthi 'kulungile' akusho ukuthi une-lupus. Abantu abaphilile nabo ngezinye izikhathi bangaba 'abahle'. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi umbiko usho ukuthini.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-lupus?
Ukwelashwa okufanele kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yalezi zinkinga, kodwa ezinye izingane zingase zithuthuke.
- Ukulimala kwezinso (Lupus Nephritis): Lena inkinga enkulu kakhulu ezinganeni. Amasosha omzimba ahlasela izinso, okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso. Ingane ingaba nezimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze kanye nomchamo onegwebu ngenxa yephrotheni emchameni.
- Imiphumela yamaphaphu nenhliziyo: Ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwamaphaphu (i-pleurisy) noma ukuvuvukala kwesikhwama esizungeze inhliziyo (i-pericarditis) kungenzeka. Zombili lezi zimo zingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni .
- Imiphumela yesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi: Uma ubuchopho nomgogodla kuthinteka, izimo ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, izinguquko zokuziphatha, kanye nokuquleka kungenzeka.
- Amahlule egazi: Amahlule egazi angakheka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokubomvu emlenzeni othintekile.
Kungani izingane zithola i-lupus?
Akukho imbangela eyodwa eqondile yalokhu okwamanje, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kubangelwa yinhlanganisela yezici.
1. Izakhi zofuzo: Uma othile emndenini ene-lupus noma esinye isifo sokuzivikela komzimba, ingane ingase ibe nesifo esincane sokuthuthukisa lesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nalezo zakhi zofuzo akusho ukuthi izothuthukisa i-lupus.
2. Izinto Ezibangela Imvelo: Ingane enesifo sofuzo ingase ithole lesi sifo ngenxa yento ebangela igciwane yangaphandle. Izinto ezinjalo zifaka:
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane
- Ukuchayeka elangeni okunamandla (imisebe ye-UVA/UVB)
- Izinguquko zama-hormone (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuthomba)
Kalula nje, izakhi zofuzo zifana nesibhamu esigcwele isibhamu. Kodwa ngaphandle komuntu ozodonsa isibhamu (isibhamu), inhlamvu ngeke iqhume. I-Lupus injalo.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Ukuthola i-lupus kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ngoba akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okuqondene nayo. Udokotela uzohlanganisa izici eziningana ukuze athole ukuxilongwa.
- Ukukhuluma nawe kanye nengane yakho: Buza ingane yakho ngokuningiliziwe ngezimpawu zayo, njengokuthi zaqala nini nokuthi sezinesikhathi esingakanani zikhona.
- Ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba: Ukuhlola izilonda zesikhumba, ukuvuvukala kwamalunga, kanye nezilonda emlonyeni.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola izinto eziningi, njengokuhlolwa kwe-'ANA', inani lamaseli egazi, kanye nokusebenza kwezinso.
- Umlando womndeni: Buza ukuthi kukhona yini emndenini one-lupus noma izifo ezifanayo.
Kungemva kokucabangela konke lokhu lapho udokotela enquma khona ukuthi une-lupus noma cha.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-lupus?
Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-lupus. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezingasiza ekulawuleni lesi sifo futhi zisize ingane yakho iphile impilo evamile. Imigomo eyinhloko yokwelashwa yile:
- Ukunciphisa izimpawu zengane.
- Ukuvimba amasosha omzimba ukuba angalimazi izitho zomzimba.
- Ukugcina impilo yengane iyonke yomzimba nengqondo ezingeni elihle.
Ithimba lochwepheshe lihlangana ndawonye ukuze lithuthukise uhlelo lokwelapha oluqondene nengane. Leli qembu lingafaka phakathi udokotela wamathambo ezingane , abahlengikazi, abelaphi bomzimba kanye nochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zemithi esetshenziswayo:
- Ama-Corticosteroids: Isibonelo, umuthi obizwa ngokuthi 'i-Prednisone'. Lawa alawula ngokushesha ukuvuvukala emzimbeni.
- I-Hydroxychloroquine:Nakuba lokhu kuyimithi yokwelapha umalaleveva, kuyasiza kakhulu ekulawuleni ukusha kwe-lupus.
- Ama-immunosuppressants: Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ijubane lesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esisebenza ngokweqile. Imithi efana ne-`Azathioprine`, `Mycophenolate mofetil`, `Methotrexate` iwela kulesi sigaba.
- Iziqeda-zinhlungu: Imithi efana ne-'Ibuprofen' noma i-'Naproxen' inganikezwa ngenxa yobuhlungu bamalunga.
- I-calcium ne-vitamin D: Lokhu kunikezwa ukuvimbela i-osteoporosis, njengoba kunengozi yokuncipha kwamathambo uma uthatha ama-steroid isikhathi eside.
Okubalulekile: Kubalulekile ukunikeza ingane yakho umuthi onikezwe udokotela njengoba nje uyalelwe, ngesikhathi esifanele, nangesilinganiso esifanele. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi noma ushintshe isilinganiso ngokwakho.
Masiqaphele nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa.
Njengayo yonke imithi, imithi ye-lupus ingaba nemiphumela emibi. Udokotela uhlala ekwazi lokhu futhi wenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
- I-Prednisone (i-steroid): Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kungabangela ukukhuluphala, izimpawu zokwelula, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, amathambo anciphile, ukucindezeleka, isifo sikashukela, kanye ne-cataracts.
- I-Hydroxychloroquine: Akuvamile kakhulu, ingabangela umonakalo ku-retina yeso. Ngakho-ke, zonke izingane ezithatha lo muthi kufanele zihlolwe amehlo azo njalo ngudokotela wamehlo.
- Ama-immunosuppressants: Le mithi inganciphisa inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi futhi ibangele ukuvuvukala kwesibindi. Iphinde yehlise amasosha omzimba, okwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuze kuhlolwe lokhu.
Ngingamsiza kanjani umntanami, njengomzali?
Umnikelo wakho kulolu hambo awunakuqhathaniswa. Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze unikeze ingane yakho ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu.
1. Vikela elangeni: Ukukhanya kwelanga kuyimbangela enkulu ye-lupus. Ngakho-ke, faka isithako sokuvikela ilanga esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu esikhumbeni sengane yakho nsuku zonke. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngisho nasezinsukwini ezinamafu. Gqoka isigqoko nezingubo ezinemikhono emide lapho uphuma ngaphandle. Nciphisa ukuchayeka elangeni elinamandla phakathi kuka-10:00 ekuseni no-4:00 ntambama.
2. Nikeza ingane yakho ubuthongo obanele: Ukukhathala kuyisibonakaliso esikhulu se-lupus. Ngakho-ke, dala indawo evumela ingane yakho ukuba ilale kahle.
3. Vikela ezifweni: Njengoba ingane ithatha imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba, inamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo. Mfundise ukugeza izandla zakhe ngensipho namanzi njalo. Mgcine kude nabantu abagulayo.
4. Indlela yokuphila enempilo:Kubalulekile ukunikeza ukudla okulinganiselayo nokuzibandakanya ekuzivocavoceni okuhambisana nobudala. Ukuzivocavoca kuqinisa imisipha. Kodwa uma ingane yakho ikhathele, yivumele iphumule.
5. Fundisa ingane yakho ngalesi sifo: Chazela ingane yakho ngalesi sifo ngendlela elula efanele iminyaka yayo nokuqonda kwayo. Lokhu kuzosiza ingane ukuthi ithwale umthwalo wemfanelo ngemizimba yayo.
6. Nikeza ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo: Ukuphila nesifo esingamahlalakhona kungaba nzima ngokomzwelo enganeni. Mvumele akhulume ngemizwa yakhe, amvumele aveze ukudabuka kwakhe, futhi akhiphe intukuthelo yakhe. Uma kudingeka, funa usizo kumeluleki.
7. Yazisa isikole: Yazisa othisha kanye nabaphathi besikole sengane ngalesi simo bese unikeza izinsiza ezidingekayo.
Ungakhohlwa, ukuze unakekele ingane yakho, nawe udinga ukuhlala uphilile . Yidla, uphuze, futhi uphumule ngesikhathi. Uma uzizwa ukhathele ngokwengqondo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma othile omethembayo ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Lupus yisifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona amangqamuzana awo aphilile.
- I-Lupus ezinganeni ingaba yingozi kakhulu kunakwabantu abadala futhi ingabangela umonakalo ezithweni zangaphakathi.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukuqubuka "kwebhathane" ebusweni, ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, kanye nomkhuhlane ongachazeki.
- Nakuba lokhu kungelapheki ngokuphelele, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kungalawula lesi sifo futhi kuvumele ingane ukuba iphile impilo evamile.
- Kubalulekile ukuzivikela elangeni, uphuze imithi yakho kahle, futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza, xhumana nodokotela wengane yakho ngokushesha bese ukhuluma ngakho.
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