Wake wazibuza ukuthi ubuchopho buqonda kanjani zonke izinto esizibonayo ngamehlo ethu, esizizwayo ngezindlebe zethu, esinambitha ngolimi lwethu, futhi esizizwayo ngemizimba yethu? Kunezinto eziningi ezenzekayo ngesikhathi esisodwa! Ubani othumela lonke lolu lwazi ezindaweni ezifanele ngaphandle kokuba ludideke ebuchosheni futhi lusitshele incazelo yalo? Yingakho kukhona isitho esibaluleke kakhulu, esincane kodwa esikhulu ngaphakathi kobuchopho bethu. Igama laso yi -thalamus . Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi sitho esimangalisayo.
Kalula nje, iyini i-thalamus?
Zicabange uya esiteshini sesitimela saseColombo Fort. Zonke izitimela ezivela kulo lonke elaseSri Lanka zifika eFort kuqala. Ukusuka lapho, izitimela zidluliselwa kwezinye izindlela okudingeka zihambe ngazo. I-Thalamasa ifana nesiteshi sesitimela esikhulu ezingqondweni zethu .
Lesi isakhiwo esincane esimise okweqanda esijulile ebuchosheni bethu, phakathi nendawo. Empeleni kukhona ezimbili zalezi, eyodwa ohlangothini ngalunye lobuchopho. Lonke ulwazi lwezinzwa kanye nolwezinzwa olufika ebuchosheni luvela emzimbeni wethu, luqala lufike kule thalamus. Yilapho ihlela khona lolo lwazi bese ithi, "Kulungile, lokhu kuyinto ehlobene nombono, ngifuna ukuyithumela engxenyeni yobuchopho elawula umbono," "Lokhu kuyinto ehlobene nokuzwa, ngifuna ukuyithumela engxenyeni elawula lokho," bese iqondiswa endaweni efanele. Okusho ukuthi, i-thalamus iyisikhungo esiyinhloko esamukela, sicubungule, futhi siqondise lolu lwazi ngaphambi kokuba luthunyelwe engxenyeni engaphandle yobuchopho, i-cerebral cortex.
Yonke imizwa ngaphandle koyedwa idlula ku-thalamus ngaphambi kokufika ebuchosheni. Leyo imizwa yokuhogela . Inendlela ekhethekile.
Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-thalamus?
Umsebenzi owenziwe yile ogani encane awuyona into encane. Ake sibheke ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukudlulisa ulwazi lwezinzwa: Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, izimpawu zemizwa yazo zonke izinzwa zakho—ukubona, ukuzwa, ukunambitha, kanye nokuthinta—zifika kuqala ku-thalamus. Izingxenye ezikhethekile lapho zithola lolu lwazi, zilucubungule, bese ziluthumela ezingxenyeni ezifanele zobuchopho. Kufana nokuhlunga izincwadi eposini.
- Ulwazi lokudlulisa ukunyakaza komzimba: Uma ufuna ukuhambisa ingalo yakho, ukuhamba, noma ukubamba okuthile, imiyalo evela ebuchosheni bakho ihamba ngale thalamus. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isebenza njengendawo enkulu yokuhlangana kwezindlela ezilawula kokubili imizwa kanye nokunyakaza.
- Ukubeka phambili ukunaka:Ake sithi usemakethe egcwele abantu. Omunye umuntu umemeza ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuzwakala ingoma ngakolunye uhlangothi, imoto ishayela phambili, futhi imifino inemibala esitolo. Uma konke lokhu kungena ebuchosheni bethu ngesikhathi esisodwa, bekungeke yini kusenze ubuchopho bethu buhlanye? Ngaleso sikhathi, ubuchopho buyasisiza ukuthi sihlele le nqwaba yolwazi bese sithi , "Yini into ebaluleke kakhulu njengamanje? Yini okufanele ngiyinake kuqala?" Yile ngqondo enquma ukuthi ukunaka umsindo wemoto ngenkathi uwela umgwaqo kubaluleke kakhulu kuneminye imisindo.
- Indima engqondweni: I-thalamus idlala indima enkulu ekukuvuseni nasekukugcineni uphapheme usuku lonke. Iphinde ihileleke ekulawuleni umjikelezo wokulala nokuvuka.
- Indima ekuqondeni nasekukhumbuleni: I-thalamus ixhumene eduze "neSistimu Yezitho Zomzimba" (Limbic System), uhlelo olusebuchosheni bethu oluhilelekile ezintweni ezifana nemizwa, ukugcina nokucubungula izinkumbulo, nokufunda. Ngakho-ke, idlala indima ekulawuleni izinkumbulo nemizwa yethu.
Kwenzekani uma i-thalamus yonakele?
Njengoba iyisikhungo esibaluleke kangaka, ngisho nomonakalo omncane we-thalamus ungaba nomthelela omkhulu emisebenzini yethu eminingi yomzimba neyengqondo. Cabanga ukuthi bekuzokwenzekani uma uhlelo lokubonisana esiteshini sesitimela saseFort luphuka. Ingabe ukuhamba kwezitimela ezweni lonke bekungeke kuphazamiseke? Yilokho kanye okwenzekayo.
Izimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko zomonakalo ku-thalamus yi -stroke , okuwukuvinjelwa noma ukuqhekeka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni, kanye nezimila zobuchopho .
| Izimpawu ezingase zivele ngenxa yomonakalo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo (i-Amnesia) | Ungase ungakwazi ukukhohlwa izinto ezindala noma ukwakha izinkumbulo ezintsha. |
| Ukulahlekelwa isithakazelo kunoma yini (Ukunganaki) | Ungase ulahlekelwe yisithakazelo noma isifiso sezinto obuzijabulela ngaphambili. |
| Ubunzima bokukhuluma nokuqonda (i-Aphasia) | Ukukhuluma amazwi angacacile, ukukhuluma ngendlela engenangqondo, noma ukuba nobunzima bokuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo. |
| Izinkinga zokunaka nokuqapha | Angikwazi ukugxila entweni eyodwa, futhi ngihlala ngizizwa nginobuthongo. |
| Izinkinga zokucubungula izinzwa | Indlela ozizwa ngayo izinto ezifana nokuthinta, ubuhlungu, kanye nokushisa komzimba ingashintsha. Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuthinta okuncane kakhulu kungazwakala njengobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki. |
| Ubunzima bokuhamba | Izinkinga zokunyakaza njengokuthuthumela kanye nobunzima bokuhamba zingase zibe khona. |
| Ubuhlungu obungapheli | I-Thalamic pain syndrome ingenzeka ngaphandle kokulimala emzimbeni, okubangela ukusha okuqhubekayo, ukuqaqamba, noma ukuba ndikindiki. |
Ziyini izimo ezibucayi?
Uma umonakalo we-thalamus umkhulu, kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
- Ukungazi lutho kanye ne-Coma: Umuntu angagcina engazi lutho ngokuphelele.
- Izinkinga zokulala: Izinkinga ezifana nokungalali zingase zivele. Isifo esingavamile kakhulu nesibulalayo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Fatal Familyal Insomnia" sihlobene ngqo nomonakalo we-thalamus.
- Izinkinga zokubona: Ungase ubhekane nokulahlekelwa umbono noma ubunzima bokubona ekukhanyeni okukhulu.
Lezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma ziqala ngokuzumayo (isibonelo, ukukhuluma okungacacile, ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba), zingaba izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi. Kubalulekile ukuya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
Izifo ezikhethekile ezihlobene ne-thalamus
Ngaphezu kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi kanye nezimila ezivamile, kunezimo eziningana ezingavamile ezithinta ngqo i-thalamus.
- Ukungalali Komndeni Okubulalayo:Lesi yisifo esingavamile kakhulu esibangelwa izakhi zofuzo. Uma sikhula, ikhono lokulala liyaphela kancane kancane. Kanye nalokhu, izinto ezifana nezinkinga zengqondo, ukwehla kwesisindo, futhi ekugcineni ukufa kwenzeka.
- Isifo sikaCreutzfeldt-Jacob: Lesi futhi yisifo esingavamile kakhulu esilimaza ubuchopho. Lesi sifo silimaza ne-thalamus.
- I-Korsakoff Syndrome: Lesi simo senzeka lapho ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kubangela ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B1 (Thiamine), okulimaza izindawo zobuchopho ezihilelekile ekukhumbuleni, ikakhulukazi izindlela ezixhumanisa ne-thalamus. Lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwenkumbulo.
Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa okuhloselwe i-thalassemia?
Yebo. I-thalamus ihloselwe ukwelapha izimo ezithile. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu yisifo sikaParkinson .
Izimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson, njengokuthuthumela, kunzima kwabanye abantu ukuzilawula ngemithi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi i- Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) . Lokhu kuhilela ukubeka i-electrode encane kakhulu endaweni ethile ye-thalamus nokuthumela izimpawu ezincane zikagesi kuyo ukulawula lokho kunyakaza okungavamile. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kunganikeza iziguli impumuzo enkulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-thalamus "iyindawo yokuxhumana yolwazi" noma "isiteshi sesitimela" esiyinhloko enkabeni yobuchopho bethu.
- Izinzwa zethu ezifana nokubona, ukuzwa, ukuthinta, ukunambitha, kanye nolwazi olulawula ukunyakaza komzimba zithunyelwa ebuchosheni ngalokhu.
- Ubuchopho bubalulekile futhi ezintweni ezifana nokunaka, ukuphaphama, ukulala, inkumbulo, kanye nemizwa.
- Uma i-thalamus yonakele ngenxa yezimbangela ezifana nesifo sohlangothi noma izimila zobuchopho, izinkinga ezinkulu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokukhuluma, izinkinga zokunyakaza, kanye nobuhlungu obungapheli zingavela.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ngokuzumayo eba nezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokukhuluma, ukungazweli kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, ungachithi isikhathi ubone udokotela noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Kungaba uphawu lwesifo sobuchopho esibi kakhulu.
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