Uke wezwa ngomthambo wegazi omkhulu nobaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho, i-aorta? Cabanga ngawo njengepayipi lamanzi eliyinhloko eliletha amanzi endlini yethu. Lapho inhliziyo ipompa igazi elihlanzekile, lelo gazi lisakazeka emzimbeni wonke ngale aorta. Ngakho-ke, lapho indawo odongeni lwalo mthambo wegazi obaluleke kakhulu iba buthakathaka futhi iqhuma njengebhamuza ethayini elidala, sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-aneurysm' kwezokwelapha. Uma lokhu kuqhuma kwenzeka engxenyeni ye-aorta edlula esifubeni, sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm'. Nakuba leli gama liyesabeka kancane, ake sixoxe ngalo ngokucacile nangokulula.
Kuyini i-aneurysm ye-aorta yesifuba?
Kalula nje, i-aorta iwumthambo wegazi oyinhloko emzimbeni wethu oqala enhliziyweni yakho, udlule esifubeni sakho nasesiswini, bese uphela eduze kwe-pelvis yakho. Uma kukhona ubuthakathaka kolunye lwezindonga zayo, ukucindezela kwegazi okugeleza kuyo kubangela ukuthi leyo ndawo ebuthakathaka ikhukhumale njengebhaluni. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-aneurysm.
Lesi simo asivamile kangako. Ngokwezibalo, sithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayizinkulungwane eziyishumi. Ngakho-ke ungesabi uma uzwa leli gama.
Ubani odinga ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yalesi simo?
Akuwona wonke umuntu onalolu hlobo lokuvuvukala ozodinga ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izici eziningana ukuze anqume ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa noma cha.
- Usayizi we-aneurysm: Lesi yisici esibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, uma i-aneurysm inkulu kunamasentimitha angu-5.5 , noma uma ikhula ngokushesha kunamasentimitha angu-0.5 zingakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha , udokotela wakho angase acabangele ukuhlinzwa.
- Izimpawu zakho: Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuvuvukala kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba nobunzima bokuphefumula. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungase kunconywe ukuhlinzwa, noma ngabe usayizi mncane.
- Impilo yakho iyonke: Iminyaka yakho nokuthi unezinye izimo zezokwelapha (isib. isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo) nakho kuyathinta lesi sinqumo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lesi sinqumo senziwe udokotela wakho. Ngakho-ke, ungangabazi ukuxoxa nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho nodokotela wakho.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa ezitholakalayo kulokhu?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa zokwelapha lesi simo. Ake siqonde ngokucacile umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Indlela yokukwenza ilula. |
|---|---|
| Ukulungiswa Kwe-Aneurysm Yesifuba Esivulekile | Lena inqubo yokuhlinzwa yendabuko. Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusika okude ohlangothini lwesifuba sakho bese efinyelela engxenyeni eyonakele ye-aorta yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, ingxenye evuvukile nebuthakathaka iyasuswa bese ithathelwa indawo yi-graft yokwenziwa. Lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwemithambo Yegazi (i-TEVAR) | Lena inqubo yesimanje, engangenisi kakhulu. Isifuba sakho asibhobozwanga. Kunalokho, udokotela wakho ufaka ipayipi elincane kakhulu (i-catheter) ngomthambo wegazi embotsheni yakho. Ngaleli payipi, idivayisi ekhethekile efana ne-mesh (i-stent graft) idluliselwa endaweni evuvukele bese yelulwa ngaphakathi. Igazi bese ligeleza ngepayipi elisha. Akukho ngcindezi odongeni oluvuvukele. |
Ithimba lezokwelapha lizonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukulungele ngokusekelwe endaweni kanye nosayizi weqhubu lakho, kanye nesimo sakho sempilo.
Kungani lokhu kuhlinzwa kubaluleke kangaka?
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm eyakheke ku-aorta.
Cabanga nje, lokhu kuvuvukala okufana nebhaluni kungaqhuma ngolunye usuku ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophezulu ngaphakathi. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kuzoba nokopha okukhulu emzimbeni, okuwusongo olukhulu kakhulu futhi olusheshayo empilweni. Ngakho-ke, uma odokotela becabanga ukuthi ingozi yalokhu kuqhuma kokuvuvukala inkulu kakhulu kunengozi yokuhlinzwa, batusa lokhu kuhlinzwa. Ngamanye amazwi, lokhu kuyindlela yokuqapha ukuze kuvinjelwe ngaphambi kokuba kube yingozi enkulu.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Uma usunqumile ukuhlinzwa, kunezinyathelo eziningana ongazithatha ukuze uzilungiselele.
- Ama-scan: Udokotela uzosebenzisa ama-scan akhethekile, njenge-CT scan, ukuze ahlole kabanzi usayizi nesimo sokuvuvukala kwakho.
- Imithi: Unganikwa imithi ethile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze ulawule umfutho wegazi lakho futhi ukhulule imithambo yegazi yakho.
- Imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi:Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi (ama-anticoagulant), udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile ngakho konke lokhu.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Okwenzekayo ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zokuhlinzwa kuhlukile kancane.
Indlela yokwenza ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile
- Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusika okude ohlangothini lwesifuba.
- Kusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile, ukugeleza kwegazi engxenyeni yomthambo ohlinzwayo kuyamiswa okwesikhashana.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, ingxenye eyonakele, evuvukele iyasikwa bese isuswa, bese kufakwa i-graft endaweni yayo ukuze kubuyiselwe ukugeleza kwegazi.
- Ekugcineni, i-incision ivalwa ngezithungo.
Indlela yokuhlinzwa kwe-TEVAR eyenziwa ngayo
- Udokotela ufaka ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) bese efaka izintambo emthanjeni wegazi embotsheni yakho.
- Leli payipi liqondiswa endaweni lapho kukhona khona i-aneurysm esifubeni kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-X-ray.
- Ukuze imithambo yegazi ibonakale kahle, kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile (udayi ohlukile).
- Bese kuthi, uma ubheka indawo eqondile, i-stent inwetshiwe.
- Uma umsebenzi usuqediwe, ipayipi kanye nocingo kuyakhishwa bese kufakwa ibhandishi elincane phezu kwendawo yokufaka embotsheni.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa okuvulekile: Uzongeniswa ngqo egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) . Uzohlala lapho usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Ngemuva kwalokho uzodluliselwa egunjini elijwayelekile futhi kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela cishe izinsuku eziyi-10.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-TEVAR: Ukuhlala esibhedlela kuvame ukuba kufushane, cishe izinsuku ezintathu. Kungase kube nokuklwebheka nobuhlungu esinqeni. Udokotela uzokunikeza imithi yokudambisa ubuhlungu edingekayo.
Isikhathi esithathayo ukubuyela empilweni evamile siyahlukahluka. Kungathatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ukululama ngokuphelele ekuhlinzweni okuvulekile. Kungcono ukugwema ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo emasontweni okuqala angu-4-6. Nakuba ungabuyela emisebenzini evamile cishe emasontweni amabili ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-TEVAR, kungcono ukugwema imisebenzi enzima cishe amasonto amane.
Ziyini izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Nakuba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okusindisa impilo, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile.
Kodwa khumbula into eyodwa: Odokotela batusa lokhu kuhlinzwa kuphela uma ingozi yokufa ngenxa yokungahlinzwa inkulu kakhulu kunengozi yokuhlinzwa.
Ezinye zezinkinga ezingaba khona yilezi:
- Ukopha okukhulu
- Ukuphazamiseka kokunikezwa kwegazi emgogodleni
- Isifo senhliziyo
- Izimo ezithelelanayo
- Ukusebenza kwezinso okungasebenzi kahle
- Izinkinga zokuphefumula ezifana ne-pneumonia
- Isimo esifana nesifo sohlangothi
- Ubuthakathaka emilenzeni
Zombili lezi zindlela zokuhlinzwa ziyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-TEVAR, izinga lempumelelo lokufakelwa kwe-stent liphezulu ngamaphesenti angama-99.
Kunini lapho ngidinga ukubona udokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uthola izimpawu zokutheleleka noma izinkinga. Qaphela kakhulu lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo.
| Isici okufanele usiqaphele | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imfiva | Uma izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingu-100.4 Fahrenheit (100.4°F) noma ngaphezulu. |
| Izinguquko endaweni yokusikwa | Ukubomvu okweqile, ukuvuvukala, noma amaqhubu azungeze indawo yokusikwa. |
| Ubuhlungu obungapheli | Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungapheli naphezu kokuthatha imithi yokubulala izinhlungu. |
| Ukuvuvukala | Ukuvuvukala okungavamile endaweni yokuhlinzwa noma emilenzeni. |
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki futhi funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-aneurysm ye-aortic yesifuba iyisiqhubu esifana nebhaluni esibangelwa ubuthakathaka bomthambo wegazi oyinhloko womzimba.
- Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu kuhlinzwa ukuvimbela imiphumela esongela ukuphila yokuqhekeka.
- Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha: ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-TEVAR okungangenisi kakhulu.
- Ithimba lezokwelapha lizonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukulungele.
- Isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo yezokwelapha ngokucophelela.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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