Zicabange uhamba emgwaqweni bese kuba nengozi enkulu ngokuzumayo... Kunokwesaba yonke indawo... Abantu bayakhala... Ngaleso sikhathi, kufika i-ambulensi futhi ikuyise ngokushesha e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela. Lapho, kunethimba lodokotela abalwela ukusindisa impilo yakho, isibili ngesibili. Umholi walelo thimba, okungukuthi, umuntu owenza izinqumo ezibalulekile mayelana nempilo yakho ngaleso sikhathi, 'ngudokotela Ohlinzayo Wezinkinga Eziphuthumayo' esizokhuluma ngaye.
Kalula nje, ubani lo dokotela ohlinzayo we-Trauma?
Kalula nje, uDokotela Ohlinzayo Wezimo Eziphuthumayo unguchwepheshe owenza ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo ukuze elaphe ukulimala okukhulu okusongela ukuphila ngemva kwengozi.
Uma ubhekene nengozi enkulu, lo dokotela uzohola lonke ithimba lezokwelapha elizokwelapha esibhedlela. Leli thimba lingafaka abasebenzi bokunakekelwa okubucayi, abanye ochwepheshe bokuhlinzwa, kanye nabahlengikazi. Udokotela ohlinzayo wezingozi ngumuntu oqondisa ukunakekelwa kwakho konke ngemva kokuhlinzwa, eqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle. Ngezinye izikhathi laba dokotela babizwa nangokuthi 'odokotela abahlinzayo bezokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo' noma 'odokotela abahlinzayo bezokunakekelwa okubucayi'. Bonke basho into efanayo.
Yikuphi ukulimala okuyinhloko okwelashwa ngudokotela ohlinzayo we-Trauma?
Izingozi akuzona izinto esizicabangayo. Njalo ngonyaka, amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu ayalimala futhi agcine esezibhedlela. Udokotela Ohlinzayo Wezinkinga Zokuhlukumezeka unesipiliyoni esikhulu ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokulimala. Ake sibheke izinhlobo zokulimala abavame ukuzelapha.
| Uhlobo Lokulimala | Kusho ukuthini lokho nje? | Izibonelo ezivela ezimpilweni zethu |
|---|---|---|
| Ukulimala Kwamandla Okungacacile | Umonakalo omkhulu ezithweni zangaphakathi (njengesibindi, ubende, amaphaphu) obangelwa ukushaywa ngamandla, noma ngabe isikhumba asiphukile ebusweni. | - Ingozi yemoto (ibhayisikili, iloli elinamasondo amathathu, ingozi yemoto) - Ukuwa kusuka endaweni ephakeme (emthini, esakhiweni) - Ukuqhuma noma ukushaywa okunzima. |
| Ukulimala Okungenelayo | Into ebukhali esika isikhumba futhi ingene emzimbeni, ilimaze izitho zangaphakathi. | - Inxeba lokugwazwa - Ukudubulana - Hlaba into efana nenduku yensimbi ebukhali - Ukuwela entweni ebukhali. |
| Ukulimala Kokusha | Umonakalo omkhulu esikhumbeni nasezicutshini ezingaphansi obangelwa umlilo, ukushisa okukhulu, noma amakhemikhali. | - Ukusha ngenxa yomlilo, amanzi ashisayo noma uwoyela - Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali anjenge-asidi - Ukuchayeka emakhazeni amakhulu (iqhwa) |
| Okunye Ukuhlinzwa Okuphuthumayo Okujwayelekile | Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezisongela ukuphila ezenzeka ngaphandle kwengozi, kodwa zivele ngokuzumayo. | - Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu - Ukutheleleka okukhulu okusakazeka emzimbeni wonke (i-Sepsis) - Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula - Ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba ngesikhathi usesibhedlela |
Yimiphi imisebenzi yokuhlinzwa evamile eyenziwa yilaba odokotela kanye nezinqubo?
Udokotela Ohlinzayo Wezinkinga Zokuhlukumezeka Akasebenzi Eyedwa. Bavame ukusebenza nabanye ochwepheshe ukuze basindise izimpilo. Nazi ezinye zezinto abazenzayo:
- I-Emergency Thoracostomy: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ipayipi esifubeni. Cabanga ukuthi isifuba sakho sigcwele igazi noma iphaphu liwile ngenxa yengozi. Awukwazi ukuphefumula, futhi impilo yakho isengozini. Leli payipi lifakwa ukuze likhiphe igazi noma umoya.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kwesifuba Okuphuthumayo: Lokhu kuyinto engathi sína kakhulu. Kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu okwenziwa ngokuvula isifuba njengomzamo wokugcina wokusindisa impilo lapho inhliziyo isizoma ngenxa yokulimala esifubeni.
- I-Laparotomy Ephuthumayo: Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza ukusika okukhulu phakathi kwesisu ukuhlola nokulungisa noma yimuphi umonakalo ezithweni ezingaphakathi kwesisu (njengamathumbu, isibindi, kanye nesisu). Lokhu kungenziwa ngisho nasezimweni ezifana nokuhlinzwa kwe-appendicitis ephuthumayo.
- Ukopha ngokweqile kanye nokulawula amanxeba:Umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukuvimba ukopha ngokweqile, ukuhlanza inxeba, nokulungisa imithambo yegazi nezicubu ezonakele uma kwenzeka ukugwazwa noma ukudutshulwa.
- Ukusebenza nabanye ochwepheshe:
- Uma kukhona umonakalo ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni, basebenzisana nodokotela abahlinza izinzwa.
- Uma amathambo ephukile, basebenzisana nodokotela abahlinza amathambo ukuze bawaphathe.
Akekho kithi olindele ingozi. Kodwa uma kwenzeka ingozi, kuleyo mizuzu ebalulekile phakathi kokuphila nokufa, uDokotela Ohlinzayo Wezingozi ungumholi olwela ukusindisa impilo yakho.
Uyini umehluko phakathi koDokotela Ohlinzayo Ohlukunyezwayo kanye noDokotela Ohlinzayo Ojwayelekile?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Impendulo ilula kakhulu.
Wonke uDokotela Wezimo Eziphuthumayo unguDokotela Ojwayelekile. Okusho ukuthi, sebeqedile ukuqeqeshwa okuyisisekelo ekuhlinzeni okuvamile, njengokuhlinzwa kwesisu kanye nokuthunga amanxeba.
Kodwa-ke, uDokotela Ohlinzayo Wezimo Eziphuthumayo udlulela phambili futhi udlula omunye unyaka owodwa noma emibili wokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile (uhlelo lobudlelwano) ekunakekelweni okubucayi kanye nokuhlukumezeka . Phakathi nalokhu kuqeqeshwa, bafunda ukwenza izinqumo ezisheshayo nokuphatha ukulimala okuyinkimbinkimbi ezimweni ezifanayo ezisongela ukuphila, ngaphansi kwengcindezi.
Njengoba nje udokotela ojwayelekile eba udokotela wezingane, udokotela ohlinzayo ojwayelekile uba udokotela ohlinzayo ohlinzayo ngenxa yokulimala.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kweSikhungo Sokuhlukumezeka kanye nesibhedlela esivamile?
Isikhungo sokulimala yisibhedlela noma iyunithi ekhethekile yesibhedlela ehlonyiswe ngokukhethekile ukwelapha iziguli ezilimele kakhulu. Umehluko omkhulu lapha esibhedlela esivamile ukulungiselela .
Isikhungo Sokuhlukumezeka sinethimba lochwepheshe abatholakala amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto , abakulungele ukubhekana nanoma yisiphi isimo esiphuthumayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uDokotela Ohlinzayo Wezimo Eziphuthumayo, uDokotela Obulala Izinzwa, abahlengikazi abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile, kanye nayo yonke imishini edingekayo (ama-CT scanner, amabhange egazi, amagumbi okuhlinza) alungele ukusetshenziswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
ESri Lanka, izibhedlela ezinkulu njengeNational Hospital eColombo, eKandy, naseKarapitiya zinezinsizakalo zokulimala okusezingeni eliphezulu. Uma uyiswa endaweni enezikhungo ezinjalo uma kwenzeka ingozi, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi uzothola ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu okudingayo ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Udokotela Ohlinzayo Wezingozi Zomgwaqo ungudokotela ohlinzayo ochwepheshe owelapha izimo eziphuthumayo ezisongela ukuphila njengezingozi zezimoto, ukuwa, amanxeba okugwazwa kanye nokusha.
- Uma ulethwa e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU), umholi wethimba lezokwelapha okwelaphayo uvame ukuba ngudokotela ohlinzayo we-Trauma.
- Wonke uDokotela Wezokwelapha Eziphuthumayo uqala ngoDokotela Ojwayelekile, bese ethola ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kwezokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kanye nokunakekelwa okujulile.
- Basebenzisana eduze nabanye ochwepheshe ekwelapheni ukulimala kobuchopho, amathambo, noma okunye ukulimala okuthile.
- Isikhungo Sokuhlukumezeka siyisibhedlela esihlonyiswe ngokukhethekile ukwelapha ukulimala okukhulu amahora angama-24 ngosuku, okwandisa amathuba okusindisa impilo yakho.
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