Ukhathazekile yini nge-valve engakwesokudla kwenhliziyo yakho? Ake sifunde ngesifo se-Tricuspid Valve ngamagama alula!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele, uphelelwa umoya? Noma uzizwa sengathi imilenze namaqakala akho kuvuvukele kancane? Mhlawumbe uzizwa ushaya ngendlela engavamile esifubeni sakho, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinto zingabangelwa yisici esise-valve encane enhliziyweni yethu, ikakhulukazi i-valve ye-tricuspid. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngemininingwane eyengeziwe , ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Iyini Isifo Se-Tricuspid Valve?

Kalula nje, isifo se-valve ye-tricuspid yisimo lapho i-valve ye-tricuspid, etholakala phakathi kwamakamelo amabili ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo yethu (i-atrium yangakwesokudla kanye ne-ventricle yangakwesokudla), ingasebenzi kahle. Cabanga ngakho, inhliziyo yethu ingumshini omangalisayo. Inezindawo ezine eziyinhloko. Le valve ye-tricuspid ingenye yama-valve amane enhliziyweni. Ifana nesango. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuvumela igazi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela, hhayi libuyele emuva.

Ukuchaza kancane, igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo liyaqoqana lisuka kuwo wonke umzimba bese lingena ekamelweni eliphezulu ngakwesokudla kwenhliziyo (i-atrium yangakwesokudla). Ukusuka lapho, leli gazi lidlula nge-valve ye-tricuspid liye ekamelweni elingezansi ngakwesokudla (i-ventricle yangakwesokudla). Bese, kusukela kuleli gumbi elingezansi, igazi liphonswa emaphashini ukuze lithole umoya-mpilo. Ngakho-ke uma leli valve ye-tricuspid ingasebenzi kahle, lonke uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi lungathinteka.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zesifo se-tricuspid valve?

Lezi zinkinga ze-valve ye-tricuspid zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. I-Tricuspid Atresia

Lesi yisimo senhliziyo esiba khona lapho kuzalwa. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ingxenye eqinile yezicubu itholakala lapho kufanele kube khona i-valve ye-tricuspid. Lokho kusho ukuthi ayikho i-valve, akukho mnyango. Lokhu kuvimbela igazi ukuthi ligeleze lisuka ekamelweni eliphezulu kwesokudla liye ekamelweni eliphansi kwesokudla. Lokhu kungathinta nokuthuthukiswa kwegumbi eliphansi kwesokudla. Izingane ezinalesi simo zivame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa.

2. Ukubuyela emuva kwe-Tricuspid

Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ivalvu ayivali kahle. Cabanga ngayo njengomnyango ongavali kahle, njengokungathi kukhona isikhala esincane. Njalo lapho igumbi elingezansi ohlangothini lwesokudla (i-ventricle yesokudla) lifinyela, igazi elincane livuza emuva, ngendlela engafanele, liye ekamelweni eliphezulu (i-atrium yesokudla). Kufana nebhaluni elikhipha umoya lapho ifindo likhululwa. Njengoba igazi ligeleza emuva kanje, igumbi eliphezulu lingaqoqana futhi likhule kancane kancane. Lokhu kungashintsha ingcindezi enhliziyweni, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungalimaza inhliziyo.

3. I-Tricuspid Stenosis

Kulesi simo , ukuvuleka kwevalvu ye-tricuspid kuba mncane, noma amapheshana evalvu aqine futhi aqine.Kufana nalapho ipayipi lamanzi livalekile ngezicubu ezifile, kuba nzima ukuthi amanzi ageleze. Lokhu kuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi kusuka ekamelweni eliphezulu kuya ekamelweni eliphansi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, igumbi eliphezulu elingakwesokudla lingaba likhulu, kuthinte ukugeleza kwegazi kanye nokucindezela. Lokhu kunganciphisa nenani legazi elinomoya-mpilo elidlula emaphashini lifinyelele emzimbeni wonke.

Okubalulekile, lezi zinkinga zamavalvu e-tricuspid zingavela kanye nezinkinga ngamanye amavalvu enhliziyweni (isibonelo, ivalvu ye-mitral noma ivalvu ye-aortic).

Kwenzekani uma ivalvu ye-tricuspid ingasebenzi kahle?

Uma isimo sincane, kungase kungabi nazimpawu noma izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, uma isimo simaphakathi noma sinzima, inhliziyo ingakhula futhi umonakalo ohlala njalo ungavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Yiziphi izimbangela zesifo se-tricuspid valve?

Kunezizathu eziningana ezingaba nomthelela kulesi simo. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• I-Carcinoid syndrome: Lesi yisimo esibangelwa uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile.
• Amaphutha okuzalwa (owazalwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa): Isibonelo, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Ebstein's anomaly.
• Ukwanda kwe-ventricle yesokudla: Lokhu kungabangelwa ezinye izimo zenhliziyo.
• Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka kwe-valve yenhliziyo njengomkhuhlane wamathambo noma i-endocarditis.
• Imithi ethile: ikakhulukazi i-fenfluramine kanye ne-phentermine (iqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-fen-phen' ekusiza ukwehlisa isisindo).
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: njenge-lupus, i-Marfan syndrome, noma i-rheumatoid arthritis.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu: Ukwanda kwengcindezi emithanjeni yegazi yamaphaphu.
• Ukulimala enhliziyweni: Lokhu kungabangelwa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, i-myocardial biopsy, noma ukufakwa kwe-pacemaker.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni yesimila noma esifubeni.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-tricuspid valve?

Izimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bangase bangakhombisi zimpawu ngaphandle kokuthi isimo sibi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziphakathi kuya kwezinzima, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu noma ubuthakathaka.
• Ukungalingani kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia): Izinguquko ezingavamile esilinganisweni senhliziyo.
• Ukuvuvukala (i-Edema): Ukuvuvukala kwesisu, imilenze, amaqakala, noma izinyawo.
• Isibindi esikhulu.
• Ukububula kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kungazwakala uma udokotela elalele nge-stethoscope.
• Ukuzwa ukushaya noma ukuphaphazela esifubeni noma entanyeni, ukuphefumula.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea).
• Isikhumba esibandayo ngendlela engavamile.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sikadokotela.

Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-valve ye-tricuspid?

Uma uya kudokotela, uzokuhlola kuqala. Lokho kusho ukuthi:

• Ngibuza ngezimpawu zakho.
• Khuluma ngezifo zakho zangaphambilini kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo.
• Bazizwa imithambo entanyeni yabo.
• Ukulalela inhliziyo nge-stethoscope.
• Umfutho wegazi lakho uzolinganiswa.

Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa kokuqala, uma kusolwa ukuthi unesimo senhliziyo, angakudlulisela kudokotela wenhliziyo noma akucele ukuthi uhlolwe kaningana, njengokuthi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-catheterization yenhliziyo (okubizwa nangokuthi i-cardiac cath noma i-angiogram).
• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound.
• I-Electrocardiography (EKG).
• Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca.
• I-MRI yenhliziyo.
• I-echocardiography ye-transesophageal.

Lezi zivivinyo zingakunikeza ukuqonda okucacile ngesimo senhliziyo yakho kanye nokusebenza kwama-valve akho.

Isifo se-tricuspid valve selashwa kanjani?

Udokotela uzoncoma uhlelo lokwelashwa olusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwakho kanye nezimpawu.

• Mhlawumbe udinga nje ukubona udokotela wakho kaningi, uhlolwe, futhi uqaphe isimo sakho (isibonelo, njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma kanye ngonyaka).
• Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi ethile yokunciphisa izimpawu noma ukuvimbela izinkinga:
• Imithi yokulwa nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
• Izithibi ze-enzyme eguqula i-angiotensin (ACE).
• Ama-anticoagulant.
• I-Digoxin, enikezwa izifo zenhliziyo.
• Ama-diuretics (aziwa nangokuthi 'amaphilisi amanzi') asiza ekususeni uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni.

Uma isimo siba sibi kakhulu noma siba sibi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa (ukuhlinzwa kwe-tricuspid valve) ukuze kulungiswe noma kushintshwe i-valve.

Ingabe isifo se-valve ye-tricuspid singavinjelwa?

Ezimweni eziningi, kunzima ukuvimbela ngokuphelele lesi simo ukuthi singenzeki, njengoba ezinye izimbangela (njengokukhubazeka kokuzalwa) zingaphezu kwamandla ethu.Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingase zibe nomthelela kulesi sifo (isib. umkhuhlane wamathambo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme), kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele kwalezo zimo nokulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Futhi, ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo ngokuvamile kuhle enhliziyweni.

Uhlobo luni lwethemba ongaba nalo uma unesifo se-tricuspid valve?

Ngokuvamile kungenzeka ukuphila impilo enhle uma unesifo se-tricuspid valve. Iningi labantu libhekana naso kahle ngokuvakashela udokotela wabo njalo kanye nemithi efanele. Uma kudingeka, lesi simo singalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngokushintsha i-valve.

Kodwa-ke, kubantu abanesifo esibi kakhulu abangatholi ukwelashwa, lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izinto ezilandelayo zingase zenzeke:

• Izimpawu ziya ngokuya ziba zimbi kakhulu.
• Ukuqongelela koketshezi esiswini (ama-Ascites).
• Amahlule egazi.
• Ukulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa yisifo senhliziyo (i-cardiac cirrhosis).
• Ukulimala okungapheli enhliziyweni.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Ngakho-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma unezimpawu.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani uma nginesifo se-tricuspid valve?

Abantu abanesifo se-valve ye-tricuspid basengozini yokutheleleka kwe-valve yenhliziyo okubizwa ngokuthi i-endocarditis, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthatha lezi zinyathelo ukuze uzivikele:

• Uma uba nezimpawu zokutheleleka, njengobuhlungu bomzimba, umkhuhlane, noma umphimbo obuhlungu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
• Hlala uphethe ikhadi lezokwelapha elikukhomba ukuthi unesifo se-valve uma kwenzeka udinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
• Tshela bonke abahlinzeki bezempilo abakwelaphayo, kuhlanganise nodokotela wamazinyo, ukuthi unesifo se-valve.
• Gwema ukutheleleka kwamazinyo nezinsini, njengoba lokhu kutheleleka kungadlula egazini kuye ema-valve enhliziyo. Bona udokotela wamazinyo njalo bese uxubha amazinyo akho kahle.
• Buza udokotela wakho wenhliziyo ukuthi kufanele yini uphuze ama-antibiotic ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwamazinyo, izinqubo zezokwelapha, kanye nokuhlinzwa okungase kubangele ukopha.

Yini enye okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami ngesifo se-valve ye-tricuspid?

Uma unesifo se-valve ye-tricuspid, kungaba usizo ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Yini ebangela lesi simo kimi?
• Ingabe kufanele siqaphele lesi simo, siqale imithi, noma sicabangele ukuhlinzwa?
• Kufanele ngifune nini usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo?

Ngaphezu kwale mibuzo, buza udokotela wakho nganoma yini onayo.

Okokugcina, khumbula (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Isifo se-valve ye-tricuspid siyinkinga kwenye yama-valve amane enhliziyweni yethu. Le valve ayikwazi ukuvala kahle, okubangela ukuthi igazi livuza emuva (ukubuyela emuva), noma i-valve ingaba mncane futhi ivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi (i-stenosis). Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu besifuba, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungalimaza inhliziyo.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi futhi ungalibali, bona udokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wezifo zenhliziyo. Angahlola isimo sakho futhi, uma kudingeka, akuqaphe kabanzi, akunike imithi yokulawula izimpawu zakho, noma akuncomele ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe/kushintshwe ivalvu. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele nangokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho, ungaphila impilo enempilo!

Isifo se-valve ye- Tricuspid , isifo se-valve yenhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo, ukuphelelwa umoya, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, ukushaya kwenhliziyo