Wake wanikezwa umuthi wakudala ngudokotela wokucindezeleka noma esinye isimo? Kungaba ngomunye wemithi yokucindezeleka ye-tricyclic (TCAs). Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lithusa kancane, le mithi isewusizo kakhulu esetshenziselwa izimo eziningi. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale mithi ye-TCA ngendlela elula neqondakala kalula.
Kalula nje, iyini le mithi yokucindezeleka yama-tricyclic (ama-TCA)?
Ama-antidepressant e-Tricyclic, noma ama-TCA ngamafuphi, ayiqembu lemithi esiza ukulawula izimpawu zesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi i-major depression disorder . Kodwa-ke, odokotela kulezi zinsuku banikeza le mithi kwezinye izimo ngaphandle kokucindezeleka nje.
Lawa ma-TCA ayengenye yezinhlobo zokuqala zemithi eyatholakala yokwelapha ukucindezeleka. Yingakho siwabiza ngokuthi ama-antidepressant "esizukulwaneni sokuqala" . Kodwa manje njengoba imithi emisha nephephile (njenge-SSRIs) isiyatholakala ukwelapha ukucindezeleka, odokotela abanamathuba amaningi okunikeza la ma-TCA njengemithi yokuqala yokucindezeleka.
Le mithi ibizwa ngokuthi "ama-tricyclics" ngenxa yesakhiwo samakhemikhali ayo. Inezindandatho ezintathu esakhiweni sayo. Yilokho igama elikushoyo, akukho okufanele kucatshangwe ngakho.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi ezingaphansi kweqembu le-TCA?
Lena eminye yemithi eyinhloko ye-TCA esetshenziswa eSri Lanka nasemhlabeni jikelele, kanye namagama ayo emikhiqizo. Bheka ukuthi imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezile ingenye yini yale mithi.
| Igama Elijwayelekile | Amagama Omkhiqizo Avamile |
|---|---|
| I-Amitriptyline | I-Elavil®, i-Vanatrip® |
| I-Amoxapine | I-Asendin® |
| I-Desipramine | I-Norpramin® |
| I-Doxepin | I-Silenor®, i-Sinequan® |
| I-Imipramine | I-Tofranil®, i-Tofranil-PM® |
| I-Nortriptyline | I-Aventyl®, i-Pamelor® |
| I-Protriptyline | I-Vivactil® |
| I-Trimipramine | I-Surmontil® |
| I-Clomipramine | I-Anafranil® |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi we-TCA i-Clomipramine (i-Anafranil®) usetshenziswa ngqo ukwelapha isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) .
Yiziphi izimo ezisetshenziswa imithi ye-TCA?
Le mithi ivunyelwe kakhulu ukwelapha ukucindezeleka. Kodwa njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, odokotela kulezi zinsuku abayinikezi kuqala ukucindezeleka. Kuphela uma eminye imithi emisha (njenge-SSRIs) ingasebenzi, mhlawumbe i-TCA ingaqalwa. Ngoba kunezikhathi lapho le mithi emidala isebenza kangcono kunemithi emisha kwabanye abantu.
Kodwa-ke, ama-TCA manje athandwa kakhulu ekwelapheni izimo ngaphandle kwalezo ezivunyelwe zona. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukusetshenziswa "okungekho ku-label" . Okusho ukuthi, yize umuthi ungakavunyelwa yi-Food and Drug Administration ngaleso simo, ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lukhombisile ukuthi umuthi uwusizo kuleso simo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungalokothi usebenzise lolu hlobo lomuthi kunoma yini oyifunayo ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.
Nazi ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa ama-TCA "angekho ku-label":
- Ukuvimbela i-migraines: Kulabo abahlushwa i-migraines njalo, lo muthi usiza ukulawula ukwenzeka kwayo.
- Ukungalali: Amanye ama-TCA, uma enikezwa ngemithamo ephansi, angakusiza ulale kangcono.
- Izinkinga zokukhathazeka: Lezi ziphinde zisetshenziswe ukulawula izimo ezahlukene zokukhathazeka.
- Ubuhlungu obungapheli: Lokhu kungenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa ama-TCA namuhla. Asebenza kahle kakhulu ebuhlungu be-neuropathic . Isibonelo:
- I-neuropathy ehlobene nesifo sikashukela
- I-postherpetic neuralgia (ubuhlungu obuvela ngemva kwe-chickenpox)
- Isimo se-fibromyalgia
- Ukuchama Embhedeni: Lo muthi ngezinye izikhathi unikezwa ngemithamo ephansi ukulawula ukuchama ebusuku ezinganeni.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwemithi emisha (SSRIs) kanye nale mithi emidala (TCAs)?
Zombili ziyizinhlobo zemithi elapha ukucindezeleka. Kodwa kunezinhlobo ezithile eziyinhloko zomehluko. Ungakuqonda kalula lokhu ngokubheka ithebula elingezansi.
| Isici | Ama-Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) | Ama-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) |
|---|---|---|
| Isizukulwane | Izidakamizwa zesizukulwane sokuqala (ezindala). | Izidakamizwa zesizukulwane sesibili (ezintsha). |
| Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo | Ziphakeme kakhulu futhi ezinye zazo zingaba nzima kancane. | Kuphansi kakhulu futhi kusezingeni elibekezelelekayo. |
| Ingozi yokudlula ngokweqile | Kuphezulu kakhulu. Ukudlula ngokweqile kungaba yingozi empilweni. | Kuncane. Kuphephe kakhulu kune-TCA. |
| Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko (namuhla) | Ngezimo ezinjengobuhlungu obungapheli, i-migraines, kanye nokungalali. | Ngokucindezeleka kanye nezifo ezihlobene nokukhathazeka. |
Lo muthi we-TCA usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu ukukuqonda. Amaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu asebenzisa amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitter ukuthumelana imiyalezo. Njengabathumeli beposi. Amabili kulawa ma-neurotransmitter abaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni imizwa yethu. Lawa yi -norepinephrine kanye ne -serotonin .
Ezimweni ezifana nokucindezeleka, amazinga ala makhemikhali ebuchosheni ayancipha. Imithi ye-TCA isebenza ngokwandisa amazinga e-norepinephrine kanye ne-serotonin ebuchosheni. Lokhu kuvumela ukuxhumana okungcono phakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa, futhi kuthuthukisa isimo sengqondo.
Abacwaningi bathole nokuthi le mithi inciphisa ubuhlungu. Bathi le mithi ivimba izimpawu zobuhlungu ukuthi zingahambi ngomgogodla wethu ziye ebuchosheni, inciphise ubuhlungu esibuzwayo.
Ngingawuthatha kanjani umuthi futhi yimiphi imiphumela emibi?
Ama-TCA avame ukutholakala njengamaphilisi noma ama-capsule. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umthamo oqondile obekwe udokotela wakho.
Ngenxa yengozi ephezulu yokudlula ngokweqile ngale mithi, odokotela bahlala beqala ngomthamo ophansi kakhulu. Bese, uma kudingeka, bandisa umthamo kancane kancane. Ungalokothi ushintshe umthamo ngokwakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
Imiphumela emibi evamile
Njengayo yonke imithi, lena inemiphumela emibi. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Abanye abantu bangase bathole eyodwa noma ezimbili, kanti abanye bangase bangabi nayo.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evamile |
|
| Eminye imiphumela emibi engaba khona |
Uma ukhathazwa yile miphumela emibi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphandle kokuyeka imithi. Ingase ikwazi ukuphathwa ngokushintsha umthamo noma ukusebenzisa enye indlela.
Ubani okufanele aqaphele kakhulu ngemithi ye-TCA?
Odokotela bayaqaphela kakhulu lapho benikeza abanye abantu lo muthi. Uma unezinye zalezi zimo, kufanele nakanjani utshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala umuthi.
- Uma unesifo senhliziyo: Imithi ye-TCA ingenza ezinye izifo zenhliziyo zibe zimbi kakhulu, ngakho udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe i-electrocardiogram (EKG) ukuze ahlole ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho ngaphambi kokuqala umuthi.
- Uma unesifo sokuwa: Lo muthi ungase wandise kancane ingozi yakho yokuwa.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa: Imithi ye-TCA ayiphephile kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi ingathinta ingane esanda kuzalwa. Ngakho qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Isixwayiso esibaluleke kakhulu
Kwezinye izimo, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-25 ubudala, izingane ezincane, kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha bangase babe nemicabango noma ukuziphatha okuzibulala okwandisiwe lapho beqala ukusebenzisa lo muthi, ikakhulukazi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala.
Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninemicabango enjalo, shayela udokotela onikeze umuthi ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala. Noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Kungenzeka yini ukudlula imithi ye-TCA ngokweqile?
Yebo, ungakwazi. Eqinisweni, phakathi kwezinhlobo zemithi yokucindezeleka enqunyiwe, ama-TCA ayiqembu lemithi enengozi ephezulu yokudlula ngokweqile. Yingakho kungafanele uphuze ngaphezu komthamo onqunyiwe udokotela wakho.
Ukweqisa imithi kungenzeka ngephutha, ngokungazi, noma ngamabomu. Ngakho-ke gcina imithi yakho ngokuphephile kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile
- Ukuphazamiseka kokushaya kwenhliziyo (ushintsho lwesigqi)
- Umfutho wegazi wehla kakhulu
- Ukozela okukhulu
- Ukuquleka
- Ukuthuthumela
- Ukudideka
- I-Coma
Ukweqisa i-TCA kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha . Kungaba yingozi uma kungelashwa ngokushesha. Uma usola ukuthi lokhu kuye kwenzeka kuwe noma komunye umuntu, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, ungashayela ne-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Nini ukukhuluma nodokotela
Uma usebenzisa umuthi we-TCA, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uxhumana nodokotela wakho njalo. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:
- Uma imiphumela emibi ikukhathaza kakhulu: Uma uzizwa sengathi "lokhu kungaphezu kwamandla akho," tshela udokotela wakho.
- Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki noma zingabi zimbi kakhulu: Uma kungekho ngcono ngemva kwamasonto angaba ngu-4 noma uma izimpawu zibonakala ziba zimbi kakhulu, tshela udokotela wakho.
- Uma ucabanga ukuyeka umuthi: Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela izimpawu zokuhoxa. Uma uyeka, yenza lokho njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho, wehlise kancane kancane umthamo.
Nakuba lo muthi umdala, uwusizo kakhulu uma usetshenziswa kahle . Ngakho-ke, uma unemibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukungabaza ngalo muthi, buza udokotela wakho ngawo. Ukulungele futhi uzimisele ukukusiza.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Nakuba ama-TCA ayiklasi elidala lemithi eyasungulwa ekuqaleni ukwelapha ukucindezeleka, asasetshenziswa ngempumelelo nanamuhla ezimweni eziningi, njengobuhlungu obungapheli kanye ne-migraines.
- Imiphumela emibi yale mithi inzima kancane kunemithi emisha, futhi ingozi yokudlula ngokweqile iphezulu kakhulu.
- Landela umthamo njengoba nje udokotela wakho emyalile. Ungalokothi ushintshe umthamo ngokwakho noma uyeke ukuthatha umuthi ngokuzumayo.
- Uma unezimo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, isifo sokuwa, noma ukhulelwe, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala umuthi.
- Ukweqisa i-TCA kuyisimo esiphuthumayo esingasongela impilo. Uma kusolwa, hamba uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nomuthi, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho.
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