Kujwayelekile ukuthi noma ubani abe novalo kancane uma ezwa igama elithi umdlavuza webele. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka siyazi ukuthi akuzona zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele ezifanayo. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zazo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo olungavamile futhi oludinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'umdlavuza webele ongemuhle kathathu' (i-TNBC ngamafuphi). Ukuzwa leli gama kungase kuzwakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kuwe, kodwa ungesabi. Sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kungani lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Triple-Negative'?
Kulungile, ake siqale ngencazelo yaleli gama. Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga ukuba nombono omncane wokuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza webele asebenza kanjani.
Cabanga ukuthi amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu afana neminyango. Leyo minyango inezingidi ezibamba okhiye. Kwezokwelapha, sibiza lawa ma-keyholes ngokuthi 'ama-receptor'. Lapho okhiye abahambisana nalawa ma-receptor befika futhi bexhuma, lawo maseli athola imiyalezo ethile.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zama-receptor ezibaluleke kakhulu kumdlavuza webele.
1. Ama-Estrogen Receptors (ER): Lawa ahlotshaniswa ne-estrogen yehomoni yabesifazane.
2. Ama-Progesterone Receptors (PR): Lawa ahlotshaniswa nenye i-hormone yabesifazane ebizwa ngokuthi i-progesterone.
3. Ama-HER2 Receptors: Lena yi-receptor ebopha iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-HER2. Le phrotheni ilawula ukukhula kwamaseli ebele.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zomdlavuza webele, eyodwa, ezimbili, noma zonke ezintathu zalezi zi-receptor zikhishwa ngokweqile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi la ma-hormone namaprotheni asiza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi akhule. Kufana nokufaka uphethiloli emlilweni. Ngakho-ke lapho odokotela belapha la ma-cancer, bagxila kula ma-receptor futhi bawanike imithi ewavimbayo (ukwelashwa okuqondiwe). Le mithi ivala lawo 'ma-keyholes'. Khona-ke amangqamuzana omdlavuza awatholi imiyalezo ayidingayo ukuze akhule.
Kalula nje, 'i-triple-negative' isho ukuthi la maseli omdlavuza awanawo wonke ama-receptor amathathu ashiwo ngenhla (i-estrogen, i-progesterone, kanye ne-HER2) . 'I-Negative' isho 'cha'. 'I-triple-negative' ngoba ayinawo wonke amathathu.
Manje mhlawumbe uyaqonda ukuthi inkinga ikuphi? Imithi evamile ehlasela ama-receptor ayisebenzi kulolu hlobo lomdlavuza. Ngoba ayikho i-receptor okufanele ihlaselwe. Lena inselele enkulu ngomdlavuza we-TNBC. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ayinakwelashwa. Kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalokhu, futhi sizoxoxa ngalokho kamuva.
Ziyini izimpawu zalo mdlavuza?
Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele one-triple-negative zifana kakhulu nezezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele. Uma ubona noma yini engavamile emabeleni akho, kubalulekile ukunaka.
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, sicela ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuba nalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi umdlavuza, kodwa kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlolwa.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Iqhubu elisha noma ukuqina kwebele | Into efana neqhubu elingakaze libe khona ngaphambili, libanjwe esandleni. |
| Ubuhlungu bebele noma ingono | Ubuhlungu obuvamile, obungachazeki. |
| Izinguquko zesikhumba sesifuba | Ukufiphala, ukubomvu, ukuqina, noma ukoma kwesikhumba, okufana nekhasi eliphuzi. |
| Ukuguqulwa kwengono | Ingono eyayivamile ngaphambili ishona ngaphakathi. |
| Ukukhishwa kwengono | Igazi noma olunye uketshezi oluphuma engonweni uma ungeyena umama oncelisayo. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwebele | Ukuvuvukala kwebele, kungaba ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye. |
| Amaqhubu ekhwapheni noma eduze kwethambo lentamo | Amaqhubu abangelwa ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node. |
Khumbula, ukuhlolwa njalo kwe-mammogram kungabona umdlavuza ngaphambi kokuba kuvele noma yiziphi izimpawu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuhlolwa okufanele iminyaka ngesikhathi.
Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa lo mdlavuza?
Abacwaningi abakayitholi imbangela ethile yalo mdlavuza, kodwa bathole ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwawo nezakhi zofuzo.
Ikakhulukazi, kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo i-BRCA1 kanye ne-BRCA2 kanye ne-TNBC. Ngokuvamile, lawa ma-gene e-BRCA anesibopho sokulawula ukukhula komdlavuza emizimbeni yethu. Njengesistimu yamabhuleki yemoto. Uma kukhona iphutha noma ukuguquka kwalawa ma-gene, ikhono lokulawula umdlavuza liyalahleka. Singazuza lawa ma-gene mutation kubazali bethu.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kunezinye izinto eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthola umdlavuza we-TNBC.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubudala | Kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abasebasha abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40. (Kodwa kungakhula kunoma yimuphi ubudala.) |
| Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA | Ingozi iphezulu kakhulu uma ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA1 kuzuzwe njengefa. |
| Uhlanga/ubuzwe | Ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwe emhlabeni wonke, lo mdlavuza uvame kakhulu kwabesifazane base-Afrika noma baseHispanic. |
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
Uma uya kudokotela mayelana neqhubu lebele, uzoqala ahlole amabele akho. Bese, bazokubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- I-Mammogram: Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kwebele.
- I-Ultrasound Yebele: Inqubo esebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe zezicubu ezingaphakathi kwebele.
- I-MRI Yesifuba: Inqubo esebenzisa insimu yamagnetic namagagasi omsakazo ukukhiqiza izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane eminingi.
Uma lokhu kuskena kubonisa umdlavuza, ukuhlolwa okulandelayo okubaluleke kakhulu yi -biopsy . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu eqhubu elisolisayo usebenzisa inalithi encane bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy kuyindlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa ngo-100% ukuthi lokhu kungumdlavuza noma cha. Futhi, indlela kuphela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lokhu kuyi-TNBC ukuhlola lesi siqephu sezicubu bese ubona ukuthi sinazo yini ama-receptor amathathu esikhulume ngawo (ER, PR, HER2).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho angakuthumela futhi ukuthi uyohlolwa izakhi zofuzo ukuze kuhlolwe izinguquko zofuzo, njenge-BRCA. Lonke lolu lwazi lusetshenziselwa ukuthola isigaba somdlavuza wakho nokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele kakhulu kuwe.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Nakuba kunezinselele ekwelapheni umdlavuza we-TNBC, manje kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu ezitholakalayo. Udokotela wakho womdlavuza uzoncoma uhlelo lokwelapha olungcono kakhulu olusekelwe esimweni sakho.
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ukususa isimila somdlavuza ngokuhlinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo kungasetshenziswa ndawonye.
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kungenye yezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko nezisebenza kahle kakhulu ze-TNBC. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kunikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuncishiswe isimila (i-neoadjuvant chemotherapy) kanye nangemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kubulawe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele futhi kuvinjelwe lesi sifo ukuthi singabuyi (i-adjuvant chemotherapy).
- Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe: Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, imisebe enamandla aphezulu iqondiswa endaweni lapho umdlavuza wawuzobhujiswa khona ukuze kubhujiswe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele.
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Immunotherapy: Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha entsha. Isebenza ngokuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu ukuze aqaphele futhi ahlasele amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kwabanye abaguli be-TNBC, lokhu kwelashwa kunganikezwa kuhlangene ne-chemotherapy ukuze kutholakale imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
- Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe: Ezigulini ze-TNBC ezine-BRCA gene mutations, kusetshenziswa imithi ethile efana ne -PARP inhibitors . Lokhu kusebenza ngokuphazamisa ikhono lamaseli omdlavuza lokuzilungisa.
Njengamanje kunezivivinyo eziningi zemitholampilo eziqhubekayo emhlabeni wonke ze-TNBC. Imithi emisha kanye nokwelashwa okusha kuhlala kutholakala. Ngakho-ke, singaba nethemba elihle ngekusasa lalesi sifo.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele ngemva kokwelashwa
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma olunye ukwelashwa, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezinkinga. Isibonelo, inxeba lokuhlinzwa lingase litheleleke noma kuvele ihlule legazi. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
| Isikhathi sokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu zokutheleleka |
|
| Izimpawu ze-clot yegazi | Ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu komlenze, ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Imiphumela emibi ngokweqile | Uma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa (isib. ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo) inzima kakhulu ukuba ingabekezelelwa. |
Izinto ongazenza ukuze uhlale uphilile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuyinto ecindezelayo kakhulu, ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezingakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile kancane ngalesi sikhathi.
- Ukuzivocavoca okulula: Imisebenzi elula njengokuhamba ngezinyawo kanye ne-yoga ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka futhi inikeze nomzimba wakho amandla anele.
- Ukudla okuhle: Yidla ukudla okunomsoco okuhlanganisa amaprotheni angenamafutha (inhlanzi, inkukhu), izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele (irayisi elinsundu, i-oatmeal). Phuza amanzi amaningi.
- Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo: Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukugcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele kuyindlela enhle yokusekela ukwelashwa.
- Ukusekelwa kwengqondo:Khuluma nomndeni wakho nabangane abaseduze ngemizwa yakho, ukwesaba kwakho, kanye nokukhathazeka kwakho. Uma kudingeka, funa usizo kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo.
Uma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa inzima, ungabi namahloni okukhuluma nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngakho. Bazibophezele ekukusizeni kulesi sikhathi esinzima.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umdlavuza webele one-triple-negative (TNBC) uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza webele olungenayo yonke i-receptor emithathu: i-estrogen, i-progesterone, kanye ne-HER2.
- Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwama-hormone okuvamile kanye nokwelashwa okuqondiswe ku-HER2 akusebenzi kulokhu.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile ebeleni lakho (isigaxa, ubuhlungu, ushintsho lwesikhumba), ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha. Uma kutholakala ngokushesha, ukwelashwa kuzophumelela kakhulu.
- Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalokhu, okuhlanganisa i-chemotherapy, ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye nezindlela zokwelapha zesimanje ezifana ne-immunotherapy.
- Nakuba lesi kuyisifo esiyinselele, ngokuthuthuka kwezokwelapha zesimanje, izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha zihlala zitholakala. Ngakho ungalilahli ithemba.
- Themba ithimba lakho lezokwelapha, uphendule imibuzo yabo ngokwethembeka, futhi ubabuze ngezinto ezikukhathazayo. Awuwedwa kulolu hambo.
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