Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela noma othile emndenini wakho ukuthi udinga ukuphakelwa ngepayipi. "Ngizodla kanjani manje?", "Ingabe lokhu kuzohlala isikhathi eside?", njll. Imibuzo eminingi ingase ifike engqondweni. Kodwa empeleni lena indlela ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ephephile yokunikeza umzimba ukudla okunomsoco kanye noketshezi oludingekayo kumuntu ongakwazi ukuhlafuna nokugwinya ukudla kahle. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngamazwi alula namuhla.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuphakelwa ngamapayipi?
Ukuphakelwa ngamapayipi, noma ngokwezokwelapha, "I-Enteral Nutrition," ukusetshenziswa kwepayipi lepulasitiki elithambile neliguquguqukayo (ipayipi) ukuletha ukudla okunomsoco okumanzi ngqo "Endleleni Yakho Yesisu." Ngezinye izikhathi, la mapayipi asetshenziselwa ukunikeza imithi.
Cabanga ngale ndlela. Ngokuvamile, sidla ukudla ngomlomo wethu, futhi kudlulela esiswini sethu, bese kusuka lapho kuye emathunjini ethu. Kodwa uma ngesizathu esithile lolu hambo lungenzeki, sidala enye indlela. Yileyo ndlela okuhamba ngayo lokhu. Leli payipi lisetshenziselwa ukuthumela ukudla okungenakudlula emlonyeni wethu kanye nasesiswini sethu ngqo esiswini sethu noma emathunjini amancane.
Zikhona yini izinhlobo zamapayipi okuphakelayo?
Yebo, zihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningana, ikakhulukazi kuye ngokuthi zibekwe kuphi nokuthi zisetshenziswa isikhathi esingakanani.
Amapayipi okusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esifushane (ngaphansi kwamasonto angu-4-6)
Lokhu kuvame ukunikezwa ngekhala. Ungase futhi ufake ipayipi kuqala ukuze ubone ukuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani kulokhu kudla okuwuketshezi.
| Uhlobo Lweshubhu | Indlela |
|---|---|
| Ishubhu le-Nasogastric (NG) | Kusukela enkabeni kuya esiswini. |
| Ipayipi laseNasoduodenal (ipayipi laseNasoduodenal - ND) | Kusukela enkabeni kuya engxenyeni yokuqala yamathumbu amancane (i-duodenum). |
| Ishubhu le-Nasojejunal (NJ) | Kusukela enkabeni kuya engxenyeni yesibili yamathumbu amancane (i-jejunum). |
Amapayipi okusetshenziswa isikhathi eside (ngaphezu kwamasonto angu-4-6)
Uma kudingeka ipayipi lokuncelisa isikhathi eside, odokotela bangase batuse ukufaka ipayipi odongeni lwesisu ngqo esiswini noma emathunjini amancane. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa okuncane.
| Uhlobo Lweshubhu | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ishubhu le-Gastrostomy (i-G-tube) | Ipayipi elifakwa ngqo esiswini ngesikhumba sesisu. |
| Ishubhu le-Jejunostomy (ishubhu le-J) | Ipayipi elifakwa ngesikhumba sesisu ngqo engxenyeni yesibili yamathumbu amancane (i-jejunum). |
| Ishubhu le-Gastrostomy-jejunostomy (ishubhu le-GJ) | Leli payipi lifakwa esiswini bese lidluliselwa phansi ku-jejunum, amathumbu amancane. Linezindawo ezimbili. I-G-port isetshenziselwa ukukhipha uketshezi esiswini nokunikeza imithi, kanti i-J-port isetshenziselwa ukunikeza ukudla. |
Hlobo luni lwabantu oludinga ukuphakelwa ngepayipi elinjengaleli?
Manje ungase uzibuze, "Kungani umuntu edinga into efana nale?" Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi akakwazi ukuthola ukudla okwanele ngomlomo wakhe. Le ndlela iyadingeka kakhulu uma enesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Dysphagia", okwenza kube nzima ukuhlafuna noma ukugwinya ukudla.
Le ndlela isiza ukugcina impilo ye-metabolism yomzimba wakho kanye nesistimu yokugaya ukudla.
Ezinye izimo lapho kungadingeka khona ipayipi yilezi:
- Ubunzima bokugwinya ngenxa yomdlavuza wekhanda nentamo noma ukulimala kulezo zindawo.
- Izinkinga ezinkulu zokudla.
- Izinkinga zesisu namathumbu, njengokuncipha kombhobho wokudla.
- Izifo eziphazamisa ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba emzimbeni, njengesifo sikaCrohn esibi.
- Izifo zesimiso sezinzwa ezifana nesifo sohlangothi .
- Ukulahlekelwa okwesikhashana ikhono lokugwinya ngenxa yokuhlinzwa noma ukugula kwamuva.
- Izimo zokungazi lutho `(Coma)`.
Hlobo luni lwesipiliyoni olutholayo uma ufakwe ipayipi?
Lokhu kuzohluka kuye ngohlobo lwepayipi onalo kanye nesizathu salo. Ngesikhathi usesibhedlela, abasebenzi abahlengikazi bazokunakekela ukukuphakela ngepayipi nokuyihlanza. Kodwa-ke, uma uya ekhaya nepayipi, wena nabanakekeli bakho nizoqeqeshwa ukuthi ningalisebenzisa futhi nilinakekele kanjani.
Ithubhu lifakwa kanjani emzimbeni?
Lezi zivame ukufakwa esibhedlela, kodwa ungaqhubeka nokuzisebenzisa ekhaya.
- Ipayipi lamakhala: Lena akuyona inqubo enkulu. Ingenziwa ngenkathi ulele embhedeni. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe uzoyivala ipayipi bese elifaka ngokucophelela ngekhala lakho esiswini noma emathunjini akho. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uphuze amanzi ngotshani ngalesi sikhathi, ukuze ipayipi lehle kalula.
- Ipayipi Lesisu: Lokhu kudinga ukuhlinzwa okuncane. Kuzodingeka uzile ukudla cishe amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kwenqubo. Uma uthatha ama-anticoagulant, uzocelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuwathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu . Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa:
- I-Endoscopy: Ipayipi elinekhamera enamathiselwe lifakwa ngomlomo ukuze libheke ngaphakathi esiswini. Kwenziwa ukusika okuncane esikhumbeni sesisu bese kufakwa ipayipi.
- Nge-X-ray: Ithubhu ifakwa ngokubheka izithombe ze-X-ray ukuze kutholakale indawo efanele.
- Ngokuhlinzwa: Ngezinye izikhathi ipayipi lifakwa ngokuhlinzwa okuvulekile noma nge-laparoscopy (ngokuhlinzwa okuncane okumbalwa ngosizo lwekhamera).
Ukuthola kanjani ukudla ngepayipi?
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwenza lokhu.
1. Ukuphakelwa kwe-bolus: Njengoba nje sidla ukudla kathathu ngosuku, ukudla okumanzi kunikezwa epayipini ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku kusetshenziswa isirinji. Le ndlela ivame ukwenziwa kubantu abanepayipi esiswini sabo ngoba isisu singaphatha inani elikhulu lokudla ngesikhathi.
2. Ukondla okuqhubekayo: Uma ithubhu lifakwa emathunjini amancane, akunakwenzeka ukondla inani elikhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngakho-ke, kusetshenziselwa ipompo ukondla umntwana kancane kancane isikhathi eside.
Udokotela wakho kanye nochwepheshe wezokudla bazobala inani lamakhalori, amavithamini, kanye namaprotheni owadingayo bese bencoma ifomula efanele yoketshezi.
Okubalulekile:Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umntwana elele phansi ngama-degree angu-45 ngesikhathi edla futhi amahora ambalwa ngemva kokudla. Ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukudla ukuthi kungene emgudwini womoya futhi kubangele i-aspiration pneumonia.
Uyinakekela kanjani ipayipi kanye nesikhumba esizungezile?
Udinga ukuvimbela ipayipi ukuthi lingavaleki futhi uvimbele ukutheleleka ukuthi kungakhuli eduze kwepayipi.
| Okufanele ukunakekele | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Indawo yokufaka |
|
| Ithubhu uqobo |
Isexwayiso: Ungalokothi uzame ukususa ipayipi elivinjiwe nganoma yini efana nocingo. Lokhu kungalimaza ipayipi nomzimba wakho.
Ziyini izingozi?
Kungase kube nobuhlungu besisu kanye nokuvuvukala kwesisu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokufakwa kwepayipi. Ungase futhi uzwe ubuhlungu besisu kanye nesifo sohudo njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela ukudla okusha. Lokhu kuvame ukuxazululeka zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ingozi yezinye izinkinga iphansi, kodwa kuhle ukwazi:
- Ipayipi linamathele, lonakele, noma liphumile.
- Ukutheleleka endaweni yokufakwa kwepayipi.
- Ukuqunjelwa okuqhubekayo, isicanucanu, noma uhudo.
- Ukudla okungena emaphashini (i-Aspiration pneumonia).
Uma unemibuzo nganoma yini efana nale, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukondla ngepayipi kuyindlela ephephile nephumelelayo yokunikeza ukudla okunomsoco kumuntu ongakwazi ukudla ngomlomo. Ungesabi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ipayipi kanye nesikhumba esizungezile kuhlanzekile. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo.
- Uma ipayipi libhajwa, likhululeka, noma libonisa izimpawu zokutheleleka (ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu), funa iseluleko sikadokotela ngokushesha.
- Uma ipayipi elisha elifakiwe likhululeka, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Nakuba kungase kungabi mnandi njengokudla ukudla, le ndlela inikeza umzimba wakho amandla nokudla okunomsoco okudingayo ukuze uphile. Kuyinzuzo enkulu ohambweni lwakho lokuphulukiswa.
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