Ingabe nawe uzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi, ungakwazi ukwenza lutho, futhi uzizwa ukhathele ngisho nangemva kokwenza umsebenzi omncane? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa unesizungu noma amehlo akho ephenduka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? “Kungani uphaphathekile kangaka?” Kungenzeka ukuthi othile ukubuzile. Ngisho noma ucabanga ukuthi lezi zinto zivamile, mhlawumbe ngemuva kwalokhu kukhona ukuntuleka kwegazi esikuzwile sonke, noma ngokwezokwelapha, i-anemia . Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngamagama alula namuhla.
Lithini leli gama elizwakala lilikhulu le-anemia?
Kalula nje, i-anemia yisimo lapho inani lamaseli abomvu egazini lakho lehla khona. Cabanga ukuthi kukhona isevisi yokulethwa ethwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke. Izimoto zaleyo sevisi yokulethwa zibizwa ngamaseli abomvu egazi . Ibhokisi eliqukethe umoya-mpilo ngaphakathi kwalezi zimoto libizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin .
Uma une-anemia, kusho ukuthi inani lalezi zimoto ezithwala umoya-mpilo (amangqamuzana egazi abomvu) liphansi. Kwenzekani-ke? Izicubu nezitho zomzimba azitholi inani elidingekayo lomoya-mpilo. Njengoba nje indawo yokusebenza ingeke isebenze kahle uma izinto ezidingekayo zingafiki ngesikhathi, lapho kungekho umoya-mpilo owanele, izitho zomzimba wethu azikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo kahle. Yingakho izimpawu esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili, njengokukhathala, ubuthakathaka , kanye nesiyezi , zivela.
I-anemia yisimo esivame kakhulu esihlobene negazi , hhayi eSri Lanka kuphela, kodwa nasemhlabeni jikelele. Sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane, izingane ezincane, kanye nalabo abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia zingadluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye ngokusebenzisa izakhi zofuzo. Abesifazane nabo basengozini yokuthola i-anemia yokuntuleka kwe-iron ngenxa yokopha kokuya esikhathini kanye nokwanda kwesidingo segazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Abantu asebekhulile basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-anemia ngenxa yesifo sezinso noma ezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-anemia?
Izimpawu ze-anemia zicashile kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqala kangangokuthi ungase ungaziboni. Kodwa-ke, njengoba inani lamaseli abomvu egazi liqhubeka nokuncipha, izimpawu ziqala ukuvela.
| Uhlobo lwesibonakaliso | Incazelo |
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| Izici ezijwayelekile |
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| Izimpawu ezenzeka lapho isimo sibi kakhulu |
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Ingabe i-anemia ingaba yingozi empilweni?
Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Ukufa ngenxa ye-anemia akuvamile kakhulu . Ngokuvamile kwenzeka kanye nesinye isimo sezokwelapha esibucayi. Isibonelo, i-anemia ingenzeka kakhulu uma unesifo esibucayi sezakhi zofuzo njenge-sickle cell anemia, uma unesifo sokopha kakhulu ngemva kwengozi enkulu, noma uma unomdlavuza. Ngokuvamile, i-anemia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kokudla noma amavithamini ingelapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele.
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-anemia?
Nakuba kunezinhlobo ze-anemia ezingaphezu kuka-400, zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko.
1. I-anemia ebangelwa ukopha
Uma umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa igazi kancane kancane isikhathi eside, ungase ube ne-anemia, okungaholela ekunciphiseni kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele.
- Izifo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla ezifana nezilonda zesisu, ama-hemorrhoids, kanye ne-gastritis.
- Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi yokubulala izinhlungu (ama-NSAID) njenge-aspirin ne-ibuprofen kungabangela izilonda zesisu kanye nokopha.
- Ukuya esikhathini okunzima kwabesifazane.
- Ngemva kwengozi noma ukuhlinzwa okukhulu.
2. Ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi okunciphile noma okunephutha
Lokhu kwenzeka uma umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukwenza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele, noma kukhona iphutha emaseli abomvu egazi alenzayo.
- I-anemia yokuntuleka kwe-iron: Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu. I-iron ibalulekile emzimbeni ukuze kwenziwe i-hemoglobin. Uma i-iron ingekho eyanele, i-hemoglobin ayikwazi ukwenziwa, okuholela ekuntulekeni kwegazi. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu ekudleni kwemifino, ekukhulelweni, omama abancelisayo, kanye nezingane ezikhula ngokushesha.
- I-anemia yokuntuleka kwamavithamini: I-Vitamin B12 kanye ne-folate amavithamini amabili abalulekile ekwakheni amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Ukuntuleka kwala mavithamini amabili kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi.
- I-Thalassemia: Lesi yisifo esibangelwa izakhi zofuzo. Sibangelwa ukukhubazeka ekukhiqizweni kwe-molecule ye-hemoglobin. Lesi sifo siyabonakala naseSri Lanka.
- Izinkinga zomnkantsha: Amangqamuzana abomvu egazi akhiqizwa amaseli okuqala emnkantsha. Uma lo mnkantsha wonakalisiwe (isib., umdlavuza, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, imithi ethile), ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi kungaphazamiseka.
3. Ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu
Kwezinye izimo, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi akhiqizwayo abuthakathaka kakhulu. Aphuka kalula futhi abhujiswe njengoba ehamba emzimbeni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hemolytic anemia. Lokhu kungabangelwa amasosha omzimba ahlasela amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, udende olukhulisiwe, ezinye izifo, kanye nezimo zofuzo.
Wazi kanjani kahle ukuthi une-anemia?
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela . Udokotela uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazoyala ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula ukuqinisekisa ukuthi une-anemia.
- Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (CBC/FBC): Lolu ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kakhulu. Kunikeza isithombe esiphelele senani lamaseli akho abomvu egazi, izinga le-hemoglobin, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zamaseli egazini lakho.
- Ukugcotshwa Kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi ukuma nobukhulu bamaseli abomvu egazi kujwayelekile yini.
Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, udokotela wakho uzothola ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-anemia onayo nokuthi iyini imbangela.
Iphathwa kanjani i-anemia?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni unesifo sokulahlekelwa yigazi esinjani nokuthi siyini imbangela yaso.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungaphuzi noma yimiphi imithi, ikakhulukazi izithasiselo zensimbi, ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha . Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ezinye izinkinga zempilo.
- Uma ukuntuleka kwensimbi kubangelwa:Udokotela uzokunikeza izithasiselo zensimbi futhi uzokweluleka nokuthi udle ukudla okune-iron eningi.
- Uma kungenxa yokuntuleka kwamavithamini: Kuzonikezwa izithasiselo eziqukethe i-vitamin B12 noma i-folate.
- Uma kungenxa yokopha: Imbangela yokopha izotholakala (isib. isilonda esiswini) bese yelashwa.
- Ezimweni ezinzima njenge-thalassemia: Uma kudingeka, kungadingeka ukumpontshelwa igazi noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezikhethekile.
Ingabe ikhona ikhambi lokudla kulokhu?
Yebo, nakanjani. Ukudla okucebile nge-iron kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma umuntu ene-anemia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-iron.
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I-anemia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umthamo wegazi lomzimba ukhuphuka cishe ngo-20% - 30%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kudingeka i-iron namavithamini engeziwe ekukhuleni komntwana kanye nezidingo zikamama. Ngenxa yalokhu, omama abaningi abakhulelwe bangase babe nezinga elithile le-anemia, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zesibili nezesithathu zokukhulelwa.
Nakuba i-anemia encane ivamile, i-anemia enzima ingaba yingozi kumama kanye nosana . I-anemia enzima ingaholela ezingozini ezifana nokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nesisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amaphilisi e-iron kanye ne-folic acid (amavithamini angaphambi kokubeletha) anikezwe udokotela wakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-anemia yisimo esivamile esizibonakalisa ngezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okuqhubekayo, ubuthakathaka kanye nesiyezi.
- Abesifazane, izingane ezincane, kanye nomama abakhulelwe ikakhulukazi kudingeka baqaphele kakhulu lokhu.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki bese ubona udokotela. Lesi simo singatholakala kalula ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula njenge-FBC.
- Izinhlobo eziningi ze-anemia, ikakhulukazi i-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi, zingelapheka ngokuphelele ngokudla okufanele kanye nemithi ethathwa njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela.
- Ungalokothi uthathe amaphilisi ensimbi noma amanye amavithamini ngokubona kwakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
I-Anemia, i-Anemia IsiSinhala, i-Hemoglobin, Ukukhathala okuvamile, Ukuntuleka kwe-iron, Ukuntuleka kwe-iron, i-Anemia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
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