Nakuba abaningi bethu becabanga ukuthi ukuhona kuyinto evamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwenkinga yezempilo engathi sína. Lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu ikakhulukazi kulabo abanesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) , okuyisimo lapho ukuphefumula kuyeka khona ngokuphindaphindiwe ngesikhathi sokulala. Ngakho-ke namuhla sikhuluma ngokuhlinzwa okukhethekile okwenziwa njengesixazululo salokhu. Lokhu ukuhlinzwa kwe-UPPP. Ungakhathazeki, ake siqonde konke ngalokhu kalula.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwe-UPPP?
I-UPPP isifinyezo segama lezokwelapha elide elithi Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Le nqubo ihilela ukususa ngokuhlinzwa noma ukushintsha ezinye zezicubu ezengeziwe emphinjeni wakho (i-pharynx) ezivimba indlela yakho yokuphefumula ngenkathi ulele. Lokhu kuvula indlela yakho yokuphefumula, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula, futhi kunciphise ukuhona.
Cabanga ngakho njengokuminyana kwezimoto emgwaqweni omncane. Esikwenzayo ngalo msebenzi ukususa izithiyo emgwaqweni nokwandisa umgwaqo. Lezi yizingxenye zomphimbo ezivame ukususwa noma ukushintshwa phakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa.
| Ingxenye yomphimbo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ulimi Oluthambile | Ingxenye ethambile enenyama engemuva kwengxenye eqinile phezulu emlonyeni wakho (ulwanga). |
| I-Uvula | Isigaxa esincane senyama esimise okweconsi lenyembezi esilenga phansi ngemuva komphimbo. |
| Ama-Tonsils | Izigaxa ezimbili zenyama kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomphimbo. Abantu abaningi bakhula lokhu beseyizingane. |
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-UPPP kwenziwa wedwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kunezinye izinkinga ekhaleni noma emphinjeni, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa kwe-UPPP?
Odokotela ngokuvamile abakuncomi lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokushesha. Baqala ngokuzama ezinye izindlela zokulawula i-Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA).
- Umshini we-CPAP: Ukusebenzisa umshini one-mask yobuso ehambisa umoya-mpilo ukuze kugcinwe indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile ngesikhathi sokulala.
- Ukwehla kwesisindo: Ukwanda kwesisindo kuyimbangela enkulu ye-OSA. Ngakho-ke, kuyalulekwa ukunciphisa isisindo.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-UPPP kucatshangelwa kuphela uma lezi zinto zingasebenzi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlinzwa akufanele wonke umuntu. Odokotela bazohlola izici eziningana ukuze banqume ukuthi ungumuntu ofanele yini kule nqubo.
- Usayizi wama-tonsils akho.
- Indlela ulwanga lwakho oluthambile olubekwe ngayo uma kuqhathaniswa nolimi lwakho.
- Inkomba yakho yesisindo somzimba, okungukuthi, i-Body Mass Index (BMI).
Ngokusekelwe kulezi zici, iziguli zihlukaniswa njengeSigaba 1, 2, noma 3. Labo abaneSigaba 1 yibo abanemiphumela ephezulu kakhulu futhi engcono kakhulu kulokhu kuhlinzwa. Labo abanezinye izigaba ezimbili cishe abanayo imiphumela. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kukufanele yini noma cha.
Ulungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze uqinisekise umphumela ophumelelayo. Nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uzikhumbule:
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha: noma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo, ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini, ukungezwani komzimba nokubulala izinzwa, kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini). Tshela nodokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa.
- Yeka ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi: Uma ubhema ugwayi, ugwayi, ugwayi kagesi, noma i-chew gum, yeka ukusebenzisa lokhu ngokuphelele amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungalibazisa ukuphola kwenxeba.
- Ukuzila Ukudla kanye Nemithi: Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele uyeke ukudla nokuphuza isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Angase futhi akutshele ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana ukuthatha imithi ethile (njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi). Landela le miyalelo ngokucophelela.
- Hlela ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya: Hlela kusenesikhathi ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kungcono uma othile engakunakekela okungenani amahora angu-24 okuqala.
- Letha umshini wakho we-CPAP: Uma usuvele usebenzisa umshini we-CPAP, ulethe esibhedlela.
- Bika noma yikuphi ukugula: Uma uba nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, yazisa isibhedlela ngokushesha. Ukuhlinzwa kwakho kungadingeka kuhlehliswe.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Awunaso isizathu sokwesaba lokhu. Uzoba ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia futhi ulale ubuthongo obukhulu phakathi nokuhlinzwa. Ngeke uzwe lutho.
1. Okokuqala, uzonikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ukuze uzole, bese unikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ubuhlungu ngokuphelele.
2. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzovula umlomo wakho, ahambise ulimi lwakho eceleni, bese ebona kahle ingemuva lomphimbo wakho.
3. Ngemuva kwalokho, izindawo zezicubu ezizosuswa ziphawulwa ngokunembile.
4. Kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elibukhali noma ithuluzi elikhethekile elisebenzisa ukushisa (i-electrocautery), ama-tonsils aphawuliwe, i-uvula, kanye nolwanga oluthambile kuyasuswa.
5. Okokugcina, kusetshenziswa izithungo ezincibilikayo ukuvala amanxeba.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kungathatha cishe amahora amabili, kuye ngokuthi izicubu zisusiwe yini nokuthi ezinye izihlinzeko zenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Azikho yini izingozi nezinkinga?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi. Isibonelo, ukopha, ukutheleleka, kanye nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ne-anesthesia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinkinga ezithile eziphathelene nokuhlinzwa kwe-UPPP.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi iningi lalezi zifo azivamile ukwenzeka, kodwa kuhle ukuzazi.
- I-Nasopharyngeal stenosis: Njengoba umphimbo uphola, izicubu zesilonda zingakheka futhi zinciphise indlela yokuphefumula futhi. Lokhu kungabangela umuzwa wokuqina nokomisa emphinjeni. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Velopharyngeal: Uma wenza okuthile okufana nokuphuza amanzi, ulwanga oluthambile emphinjeni wakho aluvaleki kahle, okubangela umuzwa wokuthi uphuma ekhaleni lakho. Lokhu kuvame ukuba okwesikhashana futhi kuphele ngokwako ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ukushintsha kwezwi: Okwesikhashana ngemva kokuhlinzwa, izwi lakho lingase lizwakale lihlukile kancane, njengokungathi ukhuluma ngekhala lakho. Lokhu kuvame ukuba okwesikhashana.
Ake sifunde ngesikhathi sokululama.
Kungathatha amasonto amabili kuya kwamane ukululama ngokuphelele. Kungase kudingeke uthathe ikhefu emsebenzini noma esikoleni phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
| Isikhathi | Okufanele ukwenze nokungafanele ukwenze |
|---|---|
| Amaviki okuqala angu-1-2 | Gwema ukuphakamisa izinsimbi ezisindayo noma ukwenza umsebenzi onzima. Kodwa-ke, izinto ezifana nokuhambahamba kancane zinhle ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi. |
| Amaviki okuqala angu-1-3 (ukudla) | Ekuqaleni, yidla uketshezi kuphela (isobho elilula, amajusi ezithelo). Bese kancane kancane uqhubekela ekudleni okuthambile njenge-ayisikhilimu, i-yogurt, i-jelly, namazambane acutshunguliwe. Gwema ukudla okubabayo, okumuncu, okuqinile, noma okomile (isb., amabhisikidi, isinkwa). Ukudla ukudla okubandayo noma okushisayo kwegumbi kuhle emphinjeni wakho. |
| Kuze kube yinyanga (ubuhlungu) | Uzoba nomphimbo obuhlungu, ikakhulukazi uma ukhuluma futhi ugwinya. Thatha imithi yokubulala izinhlungu oyinikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi. |
Ngingayibona nini udokotela?
Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezilandelayo ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma izimpawu zakho zokuphelelwa umoya (ukuhogela, ukuphelelwa umoya) ziba zimbi futhi.
- Uma kukhona igazi elibonakalayo ematheni.
- Uma ukudla kunzima ukugwinya noma kubhajwa emphinjeni.
- Uma ubona izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, noma ubomvu obuvela esilondeni.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma uphuma igazi eliningi emphinjeni, okusho ukuthi igazi eliningi liphuma emlonyeni, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokulibala ngisho nomzuzu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-UPPP kuyindlela yokwelapha i-Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Ngokuvamile kunconywa lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengemishini ye-CPAP, zehlulekile.
- Impumelelo yalokhu kuhlinzwa incike ekutheni ukufanelekela kangakanani, ngakho khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu ngokucophelela.
- Isikhathi sokululama sithatha cishe amasonto ama-2-4, futhi phakathi naleso sikhathi, udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu ukudla kwakho nemisebenzi yakho.
- Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile. Buza udokotela wakho ngazo zonke lezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba uhlinzwe.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela ngemva kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
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