Ingabe imigodi yobuchopho bomntwana wakho ikhulisiwe? Ake sifunde nge-ventriculomegaly

Uma ungumama okhulelwe, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi 'Ventriculomegaly' ngesikhathi uskeniwe. Kumelwe ukuthi uzizwe ukwesaba okukhulu nokushaqeka lapho uzwa, akunjalo? Kumelwe ukuthi wacabanga, 'O, ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ngomntanami?' Kuvamile ukuthi omama abaningi bazizwe ngaleyo ndlela ngezikhathi ezinje. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, ake sixoxe ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi 'Ventriculomegaly' namuhla ngendlela elula neqondakalayo.

Kuyini i-Ventriculomegaly?

Kalula nje, i-Ventriculomegaly yilapho izimbobo ezigcwele uketshezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho bomntwana wakho (esizibiza ngokuthi 'ama-ventricle') zikhulu kunokujwayelekile. Cabanga ngalokhu: ubuchopho bethu bunalezi zindawo ezincane ngaphakathi kwazo. Ngaphakathi kwalezi zindawo kukhona uketshezi olukhethekile olubizwa ngokuthi 'uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal' noma `(uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal - CSF)'.

Lolu ketshezi lwe-`(CSF)` lubaluleke kakhulu. Lufana nomqamelo ovikela ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla. Okusho ukuthi, luvikela lezi zitho ekulimaleni, luzondle, futhi lususe imfucuza. Ngokuvamile, lolu ketshezi lwe-`(CSF)` luyakhiqizwa, luhambe lungene futhi luzungeze ubuchopho, bese luphinde lumuncwe emzimbeni. Lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka njalo, njengomjikelezo.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi uma kukhona ukuvinjelwa ezindleleni lapho lolu ketshezi lwe-`(CSF)` luhamba khona, noma uma kukhona ukungalingani phakathi kokukhiqizwa nokumuncwa koketshezi, lolu ketshezi lubhajwa ngaphakathi kwemigodi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-ventricle bese luqala ukuqongelela. Yilapho leyo migodi iba mikhulu kancane kancane, njengebhaluni eligcwala ngamanzi. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-`Ventriculomegaly' ngesikhathi sesigaba somntwana, okungukuthi, lapho umntwana esesibelethweni.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi 'hydrocephalus'. Lesi futhi yisimo lapho ama-ventricle ekhula khona ngenxa yokuqongelela koketshezi lomgogodla (CSF), okwandisa nengcindezi ebuchosheni. Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga isimo esithi 'hydrocephalus' ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Uma ama-ventricle omntwana ekhula esibelethweni, kubizwa ngokuthi i-ventriculomegaly.

Ingabe lesi yisimo esivamile?

Ngokusho kwedatha evela e-United States, lesi simo singathinta cishe izingane ezimbili kweziyi-1,000 ezizalwa ziphila. Kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi isikhathi esiningi, lesi yisimo esincane, futhi asibangeli izinkinga lapho umntwana ezalwa. Ezimweni eziningi, lawa ma-ventricle ayayeka ukukhula, noma anciphe abe usayizi ojwayelekile. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokwesaba kakhulu uma uzwa leli gama.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Ventriculomegaly?

Esikhathini esiningi, azikho izimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-ventriculomegaly enganeni esibelethweni.Udokotela wakho uzothola ukuthi ama-ventricle engane yakho ayanda ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound okuvamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Izingane ezine-ventriculomegaly encane ngokuvamile azibonisi zimpawu ngemva kokuzalwa.

Kodwa-ke, uma isimo sibi kakhulu, umntwana angabonisa izimpawu ze-hydrocephalus ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuzalwa. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Ikhanda lomntwana likhulu ngendlela engavamile noma ubukhulu bekhanda bukhuphuka ngokuzumayo.
• Indawo ebucayi ekhanda lomntwana (i-fontanel) ibonakala ivuvukele futhi ikhukhumele.
• Amehlo awakwazi ukubheka phezulu ngqo, futhi abonakala sengathi abheke phansi (ukubuka phansi).
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile noma ukungaphumuli njalo nokukhala.
• Ukuhlanza njalo.
• Ubunzima noma ukungathandi ukuphuza ubisi.

Yini ebangela lokhu?

I-Ventriculomegaly ingaba nezimbangela eziningana. Ngezinye izikhathi , akukho sizathu esicacile esingatholakala. Into ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi lesi simo ngokuvamile siyisenzakalo esingahleliwe, hhayi into ezuzwe njengefa ezizakhini zofuzo zabazali noma ebangelwa yizici zemvelo .

Izizathu ezimbili ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Kukhona uhlobo oluthile lokuvinjelwa noma ukungalingani ekuhambeni ngokukhululeka koketshezi lwe-"CSF" esikhulume ngalo kanye nokumuncwa kwalo ngokwemvelo emzimbeni.
• Ukulimala noma enye inkinga kungathinta ukukhula kobuchopho bomntwana.

Ingabe lokhu kuyindaba yofuzo?

Cha. I-Ventriculomegaly akuyona into ezuzwa njengefa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iyisenzakalo esingahleliwe hhayi into edluliselwa kusuka kumama iye enganeni.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?

I-Ventriculomegaly ivame ukwenzeka ngengozi. Ingenzeka yodwa noma ihambisane nezinye izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi lezi zimo ezilandelayo zingandisa kancane ingozi yokuba umntwana abe ne-ventriculomegaly:

• I-spina bifida (isifo sokuzalwa esithinta umgogodla).
• Ukwakheka kwe-corpus callosum (ACC) (ukwehluleka ukwakha kahle isakhiwo esixhumanisa izingxenye ezimbili zobuchopho).
• Ukutheleleka kumama okhulelwe, isibonelo, i-syphilis noma i-cytomegalovirus (CMV).
• Ukukhubazeka kwe-chromosome, isibonelo, i-Down syndrome.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?

Ikusasa lomntwana one-ventriculomegaly lincike ebunzimeni kanye nembangela eyisisekelo. Ngokuvamile, uma ama-ventricle ekhuliswe kancane futhi i-ultrasound ingakhombisi ezinye izinkinga, umphumela ngokuvamile uba muhle.

Kodwa-ke, ingane enezimbobo ezinkulu kakhulu, noma ingane enezinye izinkinga zempilo ezikhona lapho izalwa kanye nezimbobo ezinkulu, isengozini enkulu yezinkinga. Nakuba ingavamile, izingane ezizalwa zinezimbobo ezinkulu ze-ventriculomegaly zingase zibe nezinkinga zezinzwa noma ukubambezeleka kokukhula.

Ingabe ingane ene-ventriculomegaly ingasinda?

Yebo, impela. I-Ventriculomegaly iyisimo esingelapheka.

I-Ventriculomegaly ihlolwa kanjani?

Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga lesi simo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-anatomy yengane, okwenziwa phakathi kwamasonto ayi-18 nama-22 okukhulelwa. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaxilongwa kamuva ekukhulelweni. Phakathi nale ultrasound, udokotela ulinganisa izingxenye ezithile zobuchopho bomntwana. Uma isilinganiso sikhulu ngendlela engavamile, kungasho ukuthi ingane ine-ventriculomegaly.

Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwezithombe, njenge -MRI yengane (i-Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging - i-MRI). Lokhu kungathatha izithombe ezicacile zobuchopho bomntwana, ukuze udokotela akwazi ukubona ama-ventricle omntwana ngokuningiliziwe. I-MRI iphephile ngokuphelele.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzocela ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwe-ultrasound phakathi nesikhathi esisele sokukhulelwa kwakho ukuze aqaphe inani loketshezi olusezingxeni zobuchopho bomntwana.

Kwezinye izimo, kungase kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-amniocentesis . Lokhu kuhilela udokotela esebenzisa inalithi encane ukuthatha isampula encane yoketshezi lwe-amniotic oluzungeze umntwana. Lolu ketshezi lungahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukutheleleka, njenge-cytomegalovirus.

Ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane, kwenziwa enye i-ultrasound noma i-MRI yobuchopho bomntwana ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ingane ine-hydrocephalus nokuthi ingabe kudingeka ukuhlinzwa.

Izindlela zokuxilonga i-ventriculomegaly

Ubunzima be-ventriculomegaly yengane bulinganiswa ngobubanzi be-ventricle. Kumntwana ojwayelekile, ama-ventricle obuchopho angaphansi kwamamilimitha ayi-10 (mm) ububanzi - cishe ububanzi be-pea.

• Ubumnene: Ama-ventricles aphakathi kuka-10 no-12 mm.
• Okumaphakathi: Ama-ventricles aphakathi kuka-13 no-15 mm.
• Okubi kakhulu: Ama-ventricle abanzi kuno-15 mm.

Iphathwa kanjani?

I-Ventriculomegaly yelashwa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana wakho, futhi ngokuvamile iyadingeka kuphela uma ingane yakho ibonisa izimpawu ze-hydrocephalus.

Udokotela uzokwenza i-ultrasound noma i-MRI yengane. Uma kusekhona inani elingaphephile loketshezi ema-ventricles engane, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho ukuze kuncishiswe inani loketshezi kanye nengcindezi ebuchosheni.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuhlinzwa ukufaka i-shunt ebuchosheni bomntwana ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi (ukuhlinzwa kwe-ventriculoperitoneal shunt). I-shunt iyipayipi eliguquguqukayo elivumela uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) olwengeziwe ukuthi lugeleze luye kwenye ingxenye yomzimba (njengesisu).

Kwezinye izimo, olunye uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olubizwa ngokuthi i-endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) lungadingeka. Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka i-endoscope phezulu kwekhanda lomntwana (i-fontanel). Lokhu kudala enye indlela yokuthi uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) lugeleze lungene futhi luzungeze ubuchopho.

Ingabe i-ventriculomegaly ingazithuthukisa ngokwayo?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi i-ventriculomegaly ingaba ngcono ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Noma ingahlala injalo futhi iziphelele ngaphambi kokuba ingane izalwe. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ubukhulu be-ventricles yobuchopho bomntwana phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokukhulelwa kwakho.

Kwenzekani uma ingane yami ine-ventriculomegaly?

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unalesi simo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela wakho uzoqapha ubuchopho bomntwana wakho eduze. Ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana wakho, uzohlola ukuthi ama-ventricle omntwana akhulisiwe yini. Uma kungekho zimpawu zama-ventricle akhulisiwe noma ingcindezi ebuchosheni, ingane yakho ingase ingadingi ukuhlinzwa ngemva kokuzalwa. Iningi lezingane ezinezimo eziphansi azinazo imiphumela yempilo yesikhathi eside.

Izingane ezizalwa zine-ventriculomegaly zingase zibe ne-hydrocephalus kamuva. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa. Ingane kuzodingeka futhi iqashwe iminyaka eminingana ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingcindezi ebuchosheni bengane ihlala ijwayelekile.

Ingabe kufanele ukhathazeke nge-ventriculomegaly?

Uma ingane encane ine-ventriculomegaly encane futhi ingenazo ezinye izinkinga zempilo, kunethuba elingama-90% lokuthi i-ventriculomegaly ngeke ibangele imiphumela yesikhathi eside.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile uma uzwa ukuthi ingane yakho ingase izalwe inesimo sempilo. Buza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo. Bazokusiza ukuqeda ukwesaba kwakho ngokuthi ingane yakho izophila kahle yini. Bazokwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukukusekela.

Ingabe lokhu kuyayithinta yini inzalo?

Ngokuvamile akunjalo. Ngaphandle kokuthi ikhanda lomntwana likhulu kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi abelethe ngendlela evamile.Uma kunezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha noma uma ikhanda lomntwana likhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuba kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa (ukuhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa). Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ukuthi ubelethe ingane yakho esibhedlela esikhethekile ekwelapheni izingane ezinezidingo ezikhethekile. Isikhungo esinjalo singase sibe nodokotela abangochwepheshe kanye nezikhungo ezifana neYunithi Yokunakekelwa Okujulile Kwezingane Ezisanda Kuzalwa (i-NICU).

Ingabe i-ventriculomegaly ingavinjelwa?

Cha. Akukho ongakwenza ukuvimbela i-Ventriculomegaly. Akulona iphutha lakho.

Ingabe i-ventriculomegaly isho ukuthi umntwana une-Down syndrome?

Lokhu akulona iqiniso ngempela. Kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-ventriculomegaly kanye ne-Down syndrome. Ingane ekhuliswe ama-ventricle ingase ibe sengozini encane yokuthola izifo ze-chromosome ezifana ne-Down syndrome. Kodwa-ke, ukuba ne-ventriculomegaly akusho ukuthi ingane yakho izoba ne-Down syndrome.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo mayelana nokuxilongwa kwe-Ventriculomegaly. Ungabuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Ingabe ngidinga ukwenza izivivinyo ezengeziwe?
• Ingabe kukhona okufanele ngikwenze ngendlela ehlukile ngenxa yalokhu kutholakala kwesifo?
• Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa kwe-Ventriculomegaly?
• Ingabe ingane yami izoba nokubambezeleka kwengqondo noma ukukhula?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane yami?

Ngamafuphi (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-Ventriculomegaly ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba ukushaqeka okungazelelwe. Ungase uzibuze, "Ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ngokukhulelwa kwami?" noma "Ingabe kukhona engikwenzile okungalungile?" Sicela ukhumbule, awenzanga lutho olungalungile, futhi isikhathi esiningi ingane yakho izozalwa iphilile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho wezifo zabesifazane mayelana nokuthi lokhu kuxilongwa kusho ukuthini nokuthi yikuphi ukunakekelwa ozodinga ngemva kokuzalwa. Ukhona ukuphendula imibuzo yakho futhi athathe zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokugcina ukukhulelwa kwakho nengane yakho iphilile. Ungesabi, futhi landela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho.

I- Ventriculomegaly, ubuchopho bengane, i-CSF, i-hydrocephalus, ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa, impilo yengane, imigodi yobuchopho