Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uhlangabezana nezinguquko ezincane ekuboneni kwakho, ukufiphala, noma ubuhlungu emehlweni akho? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukucele ukuba wenze isivivinyo esibizwa ngokuthi i-VEP. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi unelukuluku, "Kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizokhuluma kalula futhi ngobungane ngokuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-VEP kuyini, ukuthi kubheka ini, nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani.
Kalula nje, kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-VEP?
Cabanga ngamehlo akho njengamakhamera amabili. Lokho okubonwa yilawa makhamera, okungukuthi, ulwazi olubonakalayo, kudingeka luthunyelwe ebuchosheni. Kuphela uma luthunyelwa lapho singaqonda khona ukuthi yini leyo nto. Ngakho-ke, lolu vivinyo lwe-VEP (Visual Evoked Potential) lusetshenziselwa ukubona ukuthi le ndlela yokuxhumana phakathi kwamehlo akho nobuchopho bakho isebenza kahle yini.
Kalula nje, lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukuthi hlobo luni lwesignali kagesi ingxenye yobuchopho bakho ehlobene nokubona (i-cortex ebonakalayo) ekhiphayo uma ubheka isikhuthazo esibonakalayo, okungukuthi, isithombe.
Zonke lezi zingxenye ziyingxenye yendlela yokuxhumana, noma indlela yokubona, phakathi kwamehlo nobuchopho:
- Amehlo: Lapho sibona khona izinto.
- Imizwa Yokubona: Njengezintambo ezithwala ulwazi oluvela emehlweni luya ebuchosheni.
- I-Optic Chiasm: Indawo ekhethekile ebuchosheni lapho imicu yezinzwa evela emehlweni amabili iwela khona.
- I-Optic Tract: Indlela ethwala ulwazi oluvela emthanjeni we-optic iye ebuchosheni.
- Imisebe ye-Optic: Enye ingxenye yale ndlela.
- I-Cerebral Cortex: Ingxenye yobuchopho ekugcineni ecubungula lolu lwazi futhi iqonde ukuthi, "Nasi isihlalo" noma "Nasi umama."
Uma kunenkinga encane noma isithiyo noma kuphi kulo lonke leli cala, izovela ngendlela engavamile esivivinyweni se-VEP.
Kungani udokotela angancoma ukuhlolwa kwe-VEP?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ukuhlolwa kwe-VEP kungacelwa. Ikakhulukazi, udokotela wakho angacela lokhu kuhlolwa uma kukhona okusolakala ngesimo sezokwelapha esingathinta insimu yakho yokubona. Kungasiza ekuxilongeni isimo noma kusize ekuqondeni isimo sesimo esikhona.
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuthola izimo zezokwelapha eziyinhloko lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekuxilongeni.
| Isimo/Imbangela | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Optic Neuritis ebangelwa yi- Multiple Sclerosis (MS) | Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu sokuhlolwa kwe-VEP. I-MS yisifo esithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa. Kulesi sifo, inzwa ye-optic ingavuvukala, okubambezela izimpawu ezivela esweni ziye ebuchosheni. |
| I-Optic Nerve Glioma | Uhlobo lwesimila oluvela emthanjeni we-optic lungaphazamisa ukudluliselwa kwezimpawu. |
| Ukucindezelwa kwensimu ebonakalayo | Le ndlela yokubona ingavinjelwa ngenxa yezimo ezifana ne-hydrocephalus noma i-pituitary adenoma. |
| Ukulimala ekhanda noma ebuchosheni | Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ukubona ukuthi le ndlela yesignali yonakele yini ngenxa yengozi. |
| I-Toxic Optic Neuropathy | Eminye imithi noma ubuthi obufana ne-carbon monoxide bungalimaza i-optic nerve. |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-VEP kukodwa akukutholi isifo. Udokotela uzoqhathanisa ulwazi olutholwe kulolu vivinyo nezimpawu zakho kanye neminye imiphumela yokuhlolwa ukuze afinyelele esiphethweni sokugcina.
Lolu vivinyo lusebenza kanjani?
Empeleni lena inqubo elula kakhulu, engenabuhlungu. Cabanga ukuthi unezinzwa ezincane ezinamathele ekhanda lakho. Kwezokwelapha, sibiza lawa ma-electrode .
Banamathisela lawa ma-electrode amancane afana nediski yensimbi ezinweleni zakho ezindaweni ezithile. Bese uhlala phambi kwemonitha. Kuleso sikrini, kuvela iphethini yebhodi lokuhlola elikhanyayo bese liyanyamalala.
Uma usibheka, amehlo akho abona isithombe, futhi lolo lwazi luthunyelwa nge-optic nerve luye ebuchosheni. Lapho ubuchopho buthola leso siginali, kwenzeka umsebenzi kagesi phakathi kwamangqamuzana obuchopho. Ama-electrode anamathele ekhanda alinganisa lowo msebenzi kagesi bese ewuqopha emshinini. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngosizo lomshini we -EEG (Electroencephalogram) oqopha amaza kagesi obuchopho.
Lo mshini ulinganisa ukuthi kwathatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ubuchopho buphendule esithombeni kusukela ngesikhathi iso lisibona, nokuthi leyo mpendulo yayinamandla kangakanani. Leyo mpendulo iqoshwa njengamaphethini wamagagasi. Uchwepheshe uhlaziya la maphethini wamagagasi ukuze abheke noma yikuphi ukubambezeleka noma ukukhubazeka.
Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa?
Lokhu akudingi ukulungiselela okuningi. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela lezi zinyathelo ngosuku olungaphambi kokuhlolwa:
- Geza izinwele zakho kahle bese uzigcina zihlanzekile. Shampu, hlanza kahle ngamanzi, bese womisa.
- Ungafaki uwoyela, ijeli, noma isifutho sezinwele ezinweleni zakho ngosuku lokuhlolwa. Uma unalezi zinto ezinweleni zakho, ama-electrode ngeke akwazi ukuzwa izimpawu zobuchopho ngendlela efanele.
- Udokotela wakho noma isibhedlela sizokunikeza imiyalelo eyengeziwe ngalokhu. Lalela konke ngokucophelela bese ukulandela. Ungesabi ukubuza uma unemibuzo.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?
Uma ungena egumbini lokuhlolwa, ngeke ubhekane nanoma yini eyesabekayo.
1. Okokuqala, uchwepheshe uzokwenza uhlale kahle esihlalweni.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-electrode anamathiselwa ezindaweni ezithile zekhanda lakho ngohlobo olukhethekile lweglue. Le glue ingasuswa kalula kamuva.
3. Okulandelayo, elinye lamehlo akho lizombozwa nge-patch.
4. Uzocelwa ukuthi unake kakhulu iphethini yebhodi le-chess elivela esikrinini phambi kwakho.
5. Uma ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe ngeso elilodwa, ukuhlolwa kuyaphindwa ngendlela efanayo nelinye iso.
Ukuhlolwa konke kungathatha cishe imizuzu engama-60 . Ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu phakathi nalesi sikhathi sonke.
Uthini umbiko wokuhlolwa?
Ama-waveform avela ekuhlolweni ahlaziywa ngudokotela wezinzwa, olinganisa izinto ezifana nesikhathi esithathwa ubuchopho ukuphendula esignalini evela esweni (ukubambezeleka) kanye namandla aleyo mpendulo (ububanzi).
Isibonelo, esimweni esifana ne-Multiple Sclerosis (MS), i-myelin sheath ezungeze izinzwa yonakele, yehlisa isivinini lapho izimpawu zihamba khona. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ubuchopho buthathe isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile ukuphendula ekuhlolweni kwe-VEP (impendulo ebambezelekile). Lokhu kunganikeza udokotela inkomba ebalulekile ngalesi sifo.
Uchwepheshe uzokuhlaziya lokhu bese edala umbiko ophelele, ozothunyelwa kudokotela wakho okwelaphayo. Udokotela wakho uzobe esekuchazela umbiko. Uzokutshela nokuthi ngabe kudingeka ezinye izivivinyo, noma ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezilandelayo okufanele zibe yizo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-VEP kuwukuhlolwa okuphephile, okungenabuhlungu okukala isivinini kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuxhumana phakathi kwamehlo akho nobuchopho.
- Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwezifo zesimiso sezinzwa ezifana ne-MS.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlolwa ukugcina izinwele zakho zihlanzekile futhi zingenawo amafutha nama-gel.
- Ungakhathazeki ngemicabango yakho ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa. Bona udokotela wakho ukuze uthole incazelo engcono kakhulu nenembile kakhulu.
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