Kunzima ukusho ngamazwi ukwesaba nokukhathazeka okuzwayo lapho uthola ukuthi wena noma othandekayo wakho unomdlavuza. Bese kuthi lapho uzwa ngokwelashwa, ungase uzizwe wesaba nakakhulu uma uzwa "ngokwelashwa ngemisebe." Kodwa isayensi yezokwelapha iyathuthuka usuku nosuku. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngendlela yokwelapha ethuthukisiwe, esheshayo kakhulu ehlose amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela futhi inciphise kakhulu umonakalo kumaseli anempilo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-VMAT.
Ngakho-ke, iyini le VMAT?
Kalula nje, i-VMAT isifinyezo se-'Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy'. Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ngemisebe ethuthukisiwe kakhulu esetshenziselwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, uhlobo lwe-External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT). Lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho zinto ezikhipha imisebe emzimbeni wakho. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngemisebe ephuma emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokwelashwa.
Cabanga nje, njengoba ulele embhedeni, umshini omkhulu ujikeleza kancane kancane nxazonke zakho, uqhubeka nokuqondisa imisebe yemisebe, uqondisa kuphela indawo lapho umdlavuza ukhona. Yilokho okwenzekayo ngobuchwepheshe be-VMAT.
Lena inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yendlela yokwelapha ngemisebe, i-IMRT (Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy). Ku-IMRT, esikhundleni somsebe owodwa omkhulu wemisebe, imisebe eminingi emincane yemisebe ngamanani ahlukene ihanjiswa esigaxeni. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu umonakalo ezicutshini ezinempilo ezizungeze isigaxa. Ku-VMAT, le nqubo efanayo yenzeka ngenkathi umshini ujikeleza njalo, ngakho ukwelashwa kungenziwa ngokunembe kakhulu nangokushesha .
Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-VMAT?
Ngenxa yokunemba kobuchwepheshe be-VMAT, iyisisombululo esihle kakhulu sokwelapha izimila zomdlavuza ezinesimo esingavamile noma eziseduze kakhulu nezitho ezibalulekile emzimbeni wethu. Isibonelo, udokotela wakho wezifo zomdlavuza angancoma le ndlela yokwelapha umdlavuza okhulele eduze kwesitho.
Ukwelashwa kwe-VMAT kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zomdlavuza.
| Izinhlobo zomdlavuza lapho ukwelashwa kwe-VMAT kuvame ukusetshenziswa khona | |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza we-prostate | Umdlavuza webele |
| Umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo | Umdlavuza wesibeletho |
| Umdlavuza wamaphaphu | Umdlavuza we-Colorectal |
| Umdlavuza wendunu | Umdlavuza we-Esophageal |
| Umdlavuza wobuchopho | Umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal |
Kusebenza kanjani lokhu? Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokwelashwa?
Ukwelashwa kwe-VMAT kuyinqubo ehlelwe kahle kakhulu. Kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana ezibalulekile.
1. Ukuhlela Ukwelashwa (Ukuhlela Nokulingisa)
Lesi yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoqala ngokuthatha izithombe zomzimba wakho ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D). Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-CT scan, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa i-MRI noma i-PET scan. Lezi zithombe zizobasiza ukuthi banqume ukuthi umdlavuza ukuphi, ubukhulu bawo, ukuma kwawo, kanye nanoma yiziphi izitho ezinempilo ezizungezile ezidinga ukuvikelwa emisebeni.
Bese kuba neseshini yokuhlela ebizwa ngokuthi "ukulingisa". Lapha,
- Uzobekwa endaweni efanele kusofa lokwelashwa futhi umsebe wemisebe uzobekwa ngendlela yokuthi ushaye umdlavuza ngqo.
- Ungasebenzisa uphawu lwesikhashana noma uphawu oluhlala njalo, njenge-tattoo encane, esikhumbeni sakho ukuze ubhale indawo eqondile yomdlavuza.
- Ungasebenzisa futhi isikhunta noma imaski eyenzelwe umzimba wakho ukuze uhlale usesimweni esifanayo ngaphandle kokunyakaza ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Le nqubo yokuhlela ingathatha usuku noma izinsuku eziningana, njengoba ukwelashwa kudinga ukulungiswa ngokwesimo somdlavuza wakho, kusetshenziswa imisebe yemisebe emincane njengesihloko sepensela (2.5 x 5 millimeters).
2. Ngesikhathi se-VMAT
Udokotela wezokwelapha ngemisebe uzokubeka embhedeni wokwelashwa endaweni efanayo naleyo owawukuyo ngesikhathi sokuhlela. Uzobe eselawula umshini oletha imisebe, obizwa ngokuthi ``LINAC - Linear Accelerator'', usuka ekamelweni elihlukile. Uzokwazi ukukhuluma naye ngemakrofoni.
Uma ukwelashwa kuqala, umshini we-LINAC ujikeleza kancane kancane eduze kwakho. Njengoba ujikeleza, imisebe yemisebe yezimo ezahlukene namandla iqondiswe esigaxeni. Ngeke uzizwe le misebe yemisebe, futhi ngeke uzizwe ubuhlungu. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngemisebe uzoqapha konke ngokucophelela esikrinini sekhompyutha.
Nakuba yonke iseshini yokwelashwa ithatha cishe imizuzu engama-20, empeleni imisebe inikezwa isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, cishe imizuzu emibili. Isikhathi esisele sichithwa sikubeka endaweni efanele.
3. Ngemva kokwelashwa (Ngemva kwe-VMAT)
Uma isikhathi sokwelashwa sesiphelile, ungaya ekhaya uqhubeke nemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke njengokujwayelekile.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokwelashwa kwe-VMAT?
Kunezinzuzo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwe-VMAT: ukunemba kanye nesivinini.
Ukunemba: Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-VMAT buhlose isimila futhi buletha imisebe, umonakalo ezicutshini eziphilile ezizungezile mncane kakhulu. Lena inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke.
Isivinini: Iseshini yokwelashwa eyodwa ingaqedwa ngemizuzu embalwa. Uma ukwelashwa kushesha, isikhathi sakho sokuhlala endaweni efanayo sincane. Futhi uma ukwelashwa kunembe kakhudlwana.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi?
Njengoba ukwelashwa kwe-VMAT kubangela umonakalo omncane ezicutshini ezinempilo, ingozi yemiphumela emibi nayo iphansi. Kodwa-ke, umonakalo othile emaseli anempilo awunakuvinjelwa. Ukuthi imiphumela emibi iyenzeka noma cha, nokuthi iyini, kuyahlukahluka kuye ngendawo yomzimba ophathwayo .
| Umphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhathala | Lona umphumela ovame kakhulu wecala. |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Lokhu kungenzeka ikakhulukazi lapho kwelashwa indawo yesisu. |
| Uhudo | Kungenzeka lapho welapha isisu noma indawo ye-pelvic. |
| Ukulahlekelwa izinwele | Uma welapha ikhanda noma intamo, kwenzeka kuphela kuleyo ndawo. |
| Izinguquko zesikhumba | Ubomvu, ukoma, ukulunywa, noma ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba endaweni elashwe kuyo. |
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwawo wonke umuntu kuhlukile. Abanye abantu bangase bazizwe bengcono ngokushesha ngemva kokwelashwa. Abanye bangathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuze balulame ngokugcwele. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho sempilo.
Uzonikezwa ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela ngemva kokwelashwa kwakho. Qiniseka ukuthi uya kuzo zonke lezi zikhathi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu noma imiphumela emibi ongase ube nayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-VMAT iyindlela yokwelapha ngemisebe esezingeni eliphezulu futhi enembile ehlose amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela futhi inciphise umonakalo ezicutshini ezinempilo.
- Lezi zikhathi zokwelapha zishesha kakhulu. Kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela ukuletha imisebe.
- Ngenxa yokunemba okukhulu, mancane amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi kunangemithi yokwelapha ngemisebe yendabuko.
- Akukho buhlungu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, futhi ungaya ekhaya njengenjwayelo ngemva kokwelashwa.
- Khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho womdlavuza mayelana nokuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe nokuthi yimiphi imiphumela engaba khona kanye nemiphumela emibi.
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