Uma sizwa igama elithi "isimila sobuchopho" noma "isimila sobuchopho," wonke umuntu uyashaqeka kancane. Lokho kunengqondo impela. Kodwa kunokuba sesabe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi kahle ngalezi zinto. Ngoba yilapho kuphela lapho singabhekana khona kangcono nalezi zimo. Namuhla sizokhuluma nge-Astrocytoma, enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wobuchopho. Ake sibone ukuthi iyini, yiziphi izimpawu, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha.
Iyini ngempela i-Astrocytoma?
Kalula nje, i-astrocytoma iyisimila, noma umdlavuza, esingakhula ebuchosheni bethu nasemgogodleni. Iqanjwe ngokuthi ngoba lezi zimila zikhula ngamaseli abizwa ngokuthi ama-astrocyte ebuchosheni bethu. Lawa maseli akhiwe njengezinkanyezi. Yingakho ingxenye "ye-astro" yegama ivela kuyo.
I-Astrocytoma uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-glioma, iqembu elikhulu lamathumba obuchopho. Eqinisweni, ihlanganisa cishe u-50% wawo wonke amathumba obuchopho ayisisekelo. Avame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunakwabesifazane, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka engu-45. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zingakhula nasezinganeni ezincane.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Njengoba isimila sikhula ngaphakathi ebuchosheni, sibeka ingcindezi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zobuchopho. Yilapho izimpawu ziqala khona ukuvela. Lezi zimpawu zincike ekutheni isimila sikuphi ebuchosheni nokuthi sikhulu kangakanani.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha uma uqhubeka nokuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ngaphandle kokuzithatha njengento evamile.
Lezi ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokuqala:
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Lokhu akufani nekhanda elivamile. Kungaba ikhanda elibuhlungu eliqhubekayo nelinzima ngezinye izikhathi eliba libi kakhulu uma uvuka ekuseni, futhi elingapheli ngisho nangemithi. |
| Izinkinga zokubona | Ukubona kungase kufiphale noma ungase ubone izinto sengathi zimbili noma ezintathu. |
| Ukuquleka | Ukuba nesithuthwane okokuqala empilweni kungaba uphawu oluyinhloko lwalesi sifo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kanye nezinguquko zokuziphatha | Izinto ezifana nokukhohlwa izinto ozikhumbula kahle, ukuthukuthela, kanye nokushintsha kobuntu kungenzeka. |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Ukucanuzela okuqhubekayo nokuhlanza ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile nakho kuyimpawu. |
Amabanga nezinhlobo ze-Astrocytoma
Njengeminye imidlavuza, ama-astrocytoma ahlukaniswa ngezigaba (amabanga) ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwamaseli awo nokuthi akhula ngokushesha kangakanani. Lokhu kulinganiswa ngesikali kusukela ku-1 kuya ku-IV (eyodwa kuya kweyesine).
- Ibanga I: Lezi yizinhlobo ezikhula zona ezingenzima kangako.
- Ibanga lesi-2: Lesi sigaba sisathuthuka, kodwa singaqhubekela esigabeni esiphezulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Isigaba III (Ibanga III): Lezi zimdlavuza ezinamandla ezikhula ngokushesha futhi zisakazekele ezicutshini ezizungezile.
- Isigaba IV (Ibanga IV): Lolu uhlobo olunzima kakhulu nolushesha kakhulu.
Ama-astrocytoma amaningi kubantu abadala asezingeni eliphezulu, okusho ukuthi amangqamuzana akhula ngendlela engavamile futhi ngokushesha.
Ake siqonde kabanzi lezi zinhlobo eziyinhloko kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo | Ibanga | Incazelo emfushane |
|---|---|---|
| I-Anaplastic Astrocytoma | Ibanga lesi-3 | Lezi azivamile, futhi zisakazeka ngokushesha. Njengezingalo ze-octopus, zinwebeka zijule ebuchosheni, okwenza kube nzima ukuzisusa ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa. |
| I-Glioblastoma | Ibanga IV | Lezi zibizwa nangokuthi ama-astrocytomas eBanga lesi-IV. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa ama-astrocytomas angaphezu kwama-50%. Lusakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu futhi kunzima ukwelapha. |
| I-Astrocytoma Esakazekayo | Ibanga lesi-2 | Ngisho noma isakazekela ezicutshini ezizungezile, ikhula kancane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingaba yingozi kakhulu futhi ibe yiBanga lesi-3 noma lesi-IV. |
| I-Pilocytic Astrocytoma | Ibanga I | Lezi azinzima kangako ngoba ziyiBanga loku-1. Zivame ukubonakala ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Uhlelo lokwelashwa luncike ohlotsheni lwe-astrocytoma onayo, isigaba sayo, indawo ebuchosheni, ukuthi ikhula ngokushesha kangakanani, kanye nezimpawu zakho. Lesi sinqumo senziwa ngemuva kokuxoxisana ngokucophelela phakathi kwakho nodokotela wakho .
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha eziyinhloko:
Ukuhlinzwa
Ngokuvamile, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe sonke noma ingxenye enkulu yesimila ngangokunokwenzeka. Isimila sebanga lokuqala singelapheka ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa kuphela. Kodwa-ke, ezimila ezithuthukile, kudingeka ukwelashwa okwengeziwe ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe
Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase asale ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu.
Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza umzimba imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lawa angathathwa njengamaphilisi noma anikezwe njengomjovo. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezigabeni ezithuthukile zomdlavuza, njenge-glioblastoma. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ama-wafer acwiliswe ngemithi angafakwa endaweni yesimila.
Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe
Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha entsha. Ngokungafani ne-chemotherapy, lokhu kugxila kumaprotheni athile asiza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi akhule futhi awavimbe ukusebenza.
Ukwelashwa Kwensimu Kagesi
Lokhu futhi ubuchwepheshe obusha. Okwenziwayo kulokhu ukunamathisela ama-electrode ekhanda bese kuthunyelwa insimu kagesi kuyo ukuze kuvinjwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi angahlukani. Inzuzo yalokhu ukuthi amangqamuzana anempilo awalimali. Idivayisi esetshenziselwa lokhu ibizwa ngokuthi i-Optune.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Astrocytoma uhlobo oluvamile lomdlavuza wobuchopho. Kunokuba uyesabe, kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi olufanele.
- Ungalokothi ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli, ukushintsha kombono, noma ukuquleka kokuqala. Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Kunezinhlobo nezigaba ezahlukene zalesi sifo, futhi izindlela zokwelapha zinqunywa ngokufanele.
- Ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwendabuko njengokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye ne-chemotherapy, manje kunezindlela zokwelapha zesimanje ezifana nezindlela zokwelapha eziqondiwe.
- Wena nodokotela wakho nizonquma ndawonye uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kuwe, ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululeka nangokwethembeka ngakho konke.
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