Ingabe uphethwe yikhanda elingachazeki? Noma wake waba nokuxhuzula? Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi ngaphakathi ebuchosheni, noma singasinaki kakhulu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesinye sezimo ezibucayi kakhulu, uhlobo lomdlavuza wobuchopho oluvame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Lokhu yi-glioblastoma.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Glioblastoma?
Kalula nje, i-Glioblastoma uhlobo lomdlavuza olunolaka kakhulu nolukhula ngokushesha oluqala emangqamuzaneni obuchopho. Luhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wobuchopho kubantu abadala. Ingozi iwukuthi lesi simila sikhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi singangena ezicutshini zobuchopho ezinempilo. Njengokhula, lesi simila sakha igazi laso, elisinika amandla okukhula ngokushesha.
Naphezu kocwaningo oluningi, akukho ukwelashwa okutholiwe kwalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingalawula izimpawu futhi zandise isikhathi sokuphila. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, isikhathi sokuphila ngokuvamile sifushane njengezinyanga ezine, kanti ngokwelashwa, isikhathi sokuphila ngokuvamile sihlala unyaka noma unyaka nesigamu. Yilokho ubucayi balesi sifo.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Astrocytoma ne-Glioblastoma
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-astrocytoma. Zombili ziqala emaseli abizwa ngokuthi ama-astrocyte ebuchosheni. Lawa afana namaseli asizayo anesimo sezinkanyezi ondla ubuchopho. I-Glioblastoma yayibhekwa njenge-Astrocytoma yeBanga lesi-4. Okusho ukuthi, i-Astrocytoma enzima kakhulu. Kodwa manje ososayensi bathole ukuthi amanye ama-molecule atholakala ku-Glioblastoma awatholakali ku-Astrocytoma. Ngakho-ke manje ihlukaniswe ngokwehlukana. Kodwa-ke, sidinga ukuqonda ukuthi zombili lezi zinhlobo ezimbi kakhulu zomdlavuza wobuchopho.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-glioblastoma?
Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi isimila sitholakala kuphi ebuchosheni. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimila zikhula ngokushesha kakhulu, izimpawu zokuqala zibangelwa ingcindezi eziyifaka ebuchosheni.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma uqhubeka nokuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha , ngaphandle kokukubheka njengento evamile.
Ithebula elingezansi libala izimpawu ezivame kakhulu.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvamile | Akufani nekhanda elibuhlungu elivamile, kodwa ikhanda elibuhlungu eliba libi kakhulu usuku nosuku futhi elingaphezi ngisho nangemithi. |
| Ukuquleka | Kufana nokushaqeka okufika ngokuzumayo kumuntu ongakaze abe nobuhlobo ngaphambili. |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Ukucanuzela okuqhubekayo nokuhlanza ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. |
| Izinguquko ebuntwini noma esimweni sengqondo | Kufana nokuthi akaseyena umuntu ayenguye ngaphambili. Uvele athukuthele, athukuthele, noma athule kakhulu. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo nobunzima bokucabanga | Ukhohlwa izehlakalo zakamuva, unenkinga yokuthola amagama, futhi awukwazi ukwenza izinqumo. |
| Izinkinga zokubona | Ukubona kabili noma ukubona okufiphele. |
| Ubunzima bokukhuluma | Amagama ayaphithana, okwenza kube nzima ukukhuluma kahle. |
Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa lesi sifo?
Eqinisweni, ochwepheshe abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-glioblastoma. Kodwa-ke, izinto ezithile zingandisa ingozi yakho yokuba nayo.
- Ubudala nobulili: Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Isilinganiso sobudala lapho kutholakala ukuthi unalesi sifo sineminyaka engaba ngu-64. Sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kwangaphambilini:Uma uke welashwa ngemisebe ekhanda ngenxa yomdlavuza noma isifo esithile, ingozi ingase ikhuphuke kancane.
- Izifo ezizuzwa njengefa: Ezinye izifo ezingavamile zofuzo nazo zingandisa le ngozi. Isibonelo:
- I-Turcot syndrome
- Uhlobo 1 lwe-Neurofibromatosis
- I-Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuxilongwa?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela kudokotela wezinzwa . Uzolalela ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho futhi enze ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa, okuzohlola ukubona kwakho, ukuzwa, ibhalansi, kanye nokusabela komzimba.
Ngemva kwalokho, bazo-oda ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini isimila ngaphakathi ebuchosheni.
- I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu kungathatha isithombe esicacile sengaphakathi lobuchopho. Kungabonisa ngqo ukuthi isimila sikuphi nokuthi sikhulu kangakanani.
- I-CT (Computed Tomography) Scan: Lena futhi indlela yokuthatha isithombe sobuchopho.
- Iskeni se-PET (Positron Emission Tomography): Lokhu kunganikeza nolwazi mayelana nokusebenza kwesimila.
Uma lezi ziskeni seziqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona isimila, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlolwa kwezicubu. Lapha, udokotela wezinzwa wenza ukuhlinzwa futhi athathe ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu esimila bese eyithumela elabhorethri. Kungemva kwalokho kuhlolwa kuphela lapho kungatholakala khona ukuthi ngabe yi-glioblastoma noma olunye uhlobo, nokuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kwaso.
I-Glioblastoma ayinazo izigaba. Kunalokho, inikezwa "ibanga." Lawa mabanga aqala ku-1 kuya ku-4. I-Glioblastoma ihlala ingumdlavuza weBanga lesi-4. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlobo lomdlavuza olunolaka kakhulu nolukhula ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Glioblastoma?
Njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, ayikho ikhambi lalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kungalawula ukukhula kwesimila, kunciphise izimpawu, futhi kusize isiguli siphile ngokunethezeka ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okungaphezu kokukodwa ndawonye.
1. Ukuhlinzwa
Lolu ukwelashwa kokuqala. Udokotela ohlinzayo wezinzwa uzama ukususa isimila esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimila sezikhule zaba izicubu zobuchopho ezinempilo, kunzima kakhulu ukususa ngokuphelele i-100%.
2. Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa ukubulala noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele. Uma isimila sikhulu kakhulu ukuba sihlinzwe noma sisendaweni eyingozi, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungase kunikezwe esikhundleni sokuhlinzwa.
3. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Umuthi oyinhloko osetshenziswa i-glioblastoma yi -Temozolomide . Lokhu kuvame ukunikezwa kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe. Kunezinye izinhlobo zemithi futhi.
4. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zesimanje
Ngaphezu kwalezi zindlela zokwelapha zendabuko, manje kunezindlela eziningana ezintsha zokwelapha.
- Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe: Le mithi ihlasela ngqo amaprotheni athile kumaseli omdlavuza.
- Ukwelashwa Ngensimu Kagesi: Ama-electrode abekwa ekhanda bese kusetshenziswa insimu kagesi ukuvimba amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi angahlukani.
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Wafer: Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kufakwa idiski encane, encibilikayo equkethe umuthi wamakhemikhali endaweni lapho kwakukhona khona isimila.
Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ukunakekelwa kobuhlungu . Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma isifo singelapheki, izimpawu zesiguli ezifana nobuhlungu kanye nesicanucanu zingalawulwa, imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ingancishiswa, futhi induduzo yengqondo neyomzimba yesiguli ingathuthukiswa kakhulu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu esigulini nasemndenini.
Ukuphila nalesi sifo nokusekelwa
Ukuphila nesifo esingathi sína njenge-glioblastoma kuyinselele esigulini, emndenini waso nakubangane baso. Kanye nokungakhululeki ngokomzimba, kungaba yinto ecindezelayo kakhulu engqondweni. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukwesekwa kwengqondo.
- Ukwelulekwa: Kunezinsizakalo zokwelulekwa ezikhethekile zeziguli ezinomdlavuza kanye nemindeni yazo. Ungabuza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Amaqembu Okusekela: Ukukhuluma nabanye abake badlula kokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo kuyisici esinamandla kakhulu. Kuyindlela enhle yokuzizwa sengathi awuwedwa.
- Izivivinyo Zemitholampilo: Izivivinyo zemitholampilo zenziwa emhlabeni wonke ukuthola izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha lesi sifo. Ungabuza nodokotela wakho wezifo zomdlavuza ngalokhu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Glioblastoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wobuchopho olunolaka kakhulu nolusakazeka ngokushesha.
- Ungalokothi ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli, ukuqubuka kwesisu ngokuzumayo, noma ukushintsha kobuntu. Bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliphelele lalesi sifo okwamanje, ukwelashwa okufana nokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye ne-chemotherapy kungalawula lesi sifo futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza nokuthola ukwesekwa kwengqondo kwesiguli nomndeni. Ungazizwa sengathi uwedwa.
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