Njengomama noma ubaba, ithemba lakho elikhulu kakhulu ukuba nengane enempilo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngezinto esizizwayo nesizibonayo, ikakhulukazi uma sizwa ngezifo ezingavamile ezithinta izingane, sizizwa sesaba kakhulu. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu kunokwesaba ukuqonda lezo zinto ngendlela efanele nelula. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesifo esisodwa esingavamile, kodwa esifanele ukuqashelwa njengabazali . Leso yiLissencephaly.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Lissencephaly?
I-Lissencephaly yisimo esingavamile esenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa , lapho umntwana ekhula esibelethweni, lapho ubuchopho bomntwana bukhula. Ngokuvamile, njengoba ubuchopho bomntwana ophilile bukhula, bukhula imibimbi eminingi ebusweni balo. Cabanga ngakho njengokufaka iphepha elikhulu ebhokisini elincane. Lawa mafindo yiwo avumela ubuchopho ukuba benze umsebenzi walo oyinkimbinkimbi kahle.
Kodwa endabeni yeLissencephaly, le mibimbi ayakheki kahle phakathi kwamasonto angu-9 no-12 okukhulelwa. Ngenxa yalokho, ubuso bobuchopho buvame ukuba bushelelezi . Igama elithi "Lissencephaly" ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "ubuchopho obubushelelezi."
Lesi simo asibathinti bonke abantwana ngendlela efanayo. Nakuba abanye abantwana bekhula ngesivinini esicishe sibe sivamile, abanye bangase bangakhuli ngaphezu kwezinga lomntwana onezinyanga ezi-5 ubudala. Nakuba kungekho ikhambi lalesi simo, ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu futhi kwenze impilo yengane ibe lula. Nakuba lesi simo singaba yingozi empilweni yabanye abantwana, abanye abantwana bayasinda baze babe badala.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalesi simo?
Yebo, lokhu kungabonakala ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. I-Lissencephaly Ehlukanisiwe: Lapha, ingane ine-Lissencephaly kuphela. Akukho ukuhlangana nanoma yisiphi esinye isimo sezokwelapha.
2. Okuhlobene nezinye izifo: Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungenzeka njengengxenye yesifo sofuzo.
Ake sibheke ezinye zezimpawu eziyinhloko kuthebula elingezansi.
| Igama Lesifo | Izici ezivamile ezingabonakala |
|---|---|
| Isifo sikaMiller-Dieker | Ibunzi elikhulu, isilevu esincane, kanye nezinye izinguquko zobuso. Ukukhula kancane nobunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Isifo sikaNorman-Roberts | Ukungaboni kahle, ukuquleka, kanye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo. |
| I-Walker-Warburg syndrome | Ubuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha kanye nokulahlekelwa amandla. |
Ziyini izimbangela ze-lissencephaly?
Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu, esenzeka cishe koyedwa kwabayi-100,000 abazalwa.
Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo ezimbalwa . Kodwa into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqonde lapha ukuthi iningi lalezi ziphazamiso zezakhi zofuzo alizuzwa kubazali ezinganeni . Lokhu kusho ukuthi akekho emndenini okungenzeka ukuthi wayenalesi sifo ngaphambili. Lokhu kungaba izinguquko ezenzeka ngokungahleliwe ekwakhekeni kwezakhi zofuzo zengane.
Ngezinye izikhathi, izingane ezinalesi simo azinazo izakhi zofuzo ezitholakale kuze kube manje. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi simo singase sibangelwe ezinye izimbangela zofuzo abacwaningi abangakazitholi, noma ezinye izimbangela ezingaziwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi:
- Ezinye izifo ezenzeka kumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (ukutheleleka kwesibeletho).
- Umntwana osesiswini unesifo sohlangothi .
Izinto ezinjalo nazo zingase zibangele lokhu.
Yiziphi izimpawu zalesi simo?
Ubunzima kanye nezimpawu ze-lissencephaly ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngengane.
Ngenxa yokukhubazeka kokukhula kobuchopho , uphawu olukhulu olungabonakala ekuzalweni noma ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho ikhanda elincane ngendlela engavamile (i-microcephaly) .
Ezinye izici zifaka:
- Ubunzima bokugwinya
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha
- Izinselele ezinkulu zengqondo nezomzimba kanye nokubambezeleka kokukhula.
Ezinye izingane zingase zingakwazi ukuhlala, ukuma, ukuhamba, noma ukugoba. Imisipha yazo ingaba buthakathaka. Zingase zibe nezandla, iminwe, noma izinzwane ezikhubazekile.
Nokho, kukhona olunye uhlangothi lwalokhu. Kunezimo lapho ezinye izingane zikhula khona ngendlela evamile futhi zibonise ukukhubazeka okuncane kakhulu ekufundeni. Ngakho-ke, akukuhle ukucabanga ukuthi zonke izingane ziyafana.
Izinto okudingeka uzazi mayelana nokuquleka
Cishe izingane ezingu-8 kwezingu-10 ezinalesi simo ziba nohlobo olukhethekile lokuqina olubizwa ngokuthi ama-infantile spasms . Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu.
Uma lokhu kuhlangana kwenzeka, akubukeki njengokufana okukhulu, okugubhayo njengoba sivame ukucabanga. Kunalokho, ingane ingase imane iyagubha, ijikijele sengathi inesisu esibuhlungu, noma ibonakale iyesaba . Abanye abazali bangase bacabange ukuthi lokhu kuyi-colic noma i-reflux.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lokhu kuphazamiseka kobuntwana kukhulu kakhulu kunokuqina okuvamile. Kungalimaza ubuchopho futhi kuphazamise ukukhula kwengane. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona izimpawu ezinjalo , kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe izingane ezingu-9 kwezingu-10 ezine-lissencephaly zingase zibe nesifo sokuwa , isimo esibonakala ngokuquleka isikhathi eside, phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Odokotela basebenzisa kakhulu ama-brain scan ukuze bathole lesi sifo.
- Ukuskena kwe-CT
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI
Lezi ziskeni zibonisa ngokusobala ukuthi ubuso bobuchopho bubushelelezi.
Uma ukuxilongwa sekuqinisekisiwe, ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kofuzo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yisiphi isici sofuzo esibangele lokhu.
Kunjani ukwelashwa kanye nokuphathwa?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, alikho ikhambi lalesi simo. Kodwa ungakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zengane yakho, wenze impilo yansuku zonke ibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi unike ingane yakho impilo esezingeni elihle. Odokotela nabazali basebenzisana ukugxila kulezi zinto.
- Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukwelashwa emsebenzini, kanye nokwelashwa ngenkulumo: Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisa imisipha yengane, ukuyiqeqesha ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke, nokuthuthukisa amakhono okuxhumana.
- Imithi yokulawula ukulingana:Uma ingane inesifo sokuwa, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokunikeza imithi enqunywe udokotela ukuze ayilawule.
- Amadivayisi okusiza: Ingane ingasebenzisa izihlalo zabakhubazekile noma izihlalo ezikhethekile ezivumela ukuthi ihlale iqonde.
- Ukondla: Izingane ezinenkinga yokugwinya zingadinga ukufakwa ipayipi lokuncelisa ngekhala noma esiswini ukuze zilethe ukudla ngqo esiswini.
Ubunzima bokuphefumula nokugwinya, kanye nokuquleka okungalawuleki, yizona zinkinga ezisongela ukuphila ezinganeni ezinalesi simo.
Kodwa njengomzali, into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyikhumbule ukuthi ingane ngayinye ihlukile . Nakuba ezinye izingane zingaphili ngisho neminyaka eyi-10 ubudala, ezinye zikhula kahle futhi zibe ngabantu abadala. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona uchwepheshe ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngesimo sengane yakho kanye nezinsizakalo zokusekela ezitholakalayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Lissencephaly yisimo esingavamile kakhulu esenzeka lapho ubuchopho bomntwana bungakheki kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngengane. Nakuba ezinye zingase zibe nemiphumela emincane, ezinye zingase zibe nezinselele ezinkulu zomzimba nezengqondo.
- Qaphela kakhulu ukuqaqamba kosana , uhlobo lokuqina lapho umntwana ebonakala sengathi uyaqhaqhazela futhi esaba. Uma ubona lokhu, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliqondile lalokhu, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, imithi, kanye nokunye ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kungasiza ingane ukuba iphile impilo engcono.
- Uhambo lwengane ngayinye luhlukile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna isiqondiso kudokotela wezingane ukuze uthole iseluleko esinembile kakhulu sengane yakho, kunokuba uqhathanise nabanye.
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