Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele kangangokuthi awukwazi ukubekezelela ngisho nento encane? Noma uthola imivimbo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokushaya lutho? Mhlawumbe uzizwa sengathi ugula kaningi, njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane? Esinye isizathu salokhu kungaba ukwehla kwazo zonke izinhlobo ezintathu ezinkulu zamaseli egazi. Kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-pancytopenia . Ungakhathazeki, lesi akusona isifo, kodwa uphawu lwesinye isimo esingaphansi. Masiqonde lokhu ngqo.
Izinhlobo zamaseli egazini lethu kanye nemisebenzi yawo
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga ukwazi kuqala ngamasosha amathathu ayinhloko egazini lethu. Lawa maseli egazi akhiqizwa emnkantsheni wamathambo, ingxenye ethambile yamathambo ethu.
Amaseli Egazi Abomvu
Lawa amangqamuzana athwala umoya-mpilo emizimbeni yethu yonke. Uma siphefumula, lawa maseli abomvu egazi athumba umoya-mpilo oza emaphashini ethu bese ewusabalalisa kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu. Aphinde asize ekuthwaleni i-carbon dioxide ekhiqizwa emaselini abuyele emaphashini bese ephuma. Lawa maseli yiwona anika igazi lethu umbala walo obomvu.
Amaseli Egazi Amhlophe
Lawa amabutho omzimba wethu. Njengamasosha avikela izwe. Lawa maseli amhlophe egazi asivikela ezifweni ngokusesha, ukuhlasela, nokubhubhisa izitha zangaphandle njengama-virus namabhaktheriya angena emizimbeni yethu.
Ama-platelet
Lawa ngamaseli amancane kakhulu egazini lethu. Afana nama-plaster amancane emizimbeni yethu. Uma silimala endaweni ethile bese siqala ukopha, lawa ma-platelet yiwo angena ngokushesha futhi anamathele ndawonye ukuze avale inxeba futhi amise ukopha. Lokhu sikubiza nangokuthi ukujiya kwegazi.
Ngakho-ke, i-pancytopenia, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, iwukwehla ngasikhathi sinye kuzo zonke lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli abalulekile. Ukuze kube sobala, kuyinhlanganisela yezifo ezintathu zegazi:
* I-anemia: Ukwehla kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
* I-Leukopenia: Ukwehla kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi.
* I-Thrombocytopenia: Ukwehla kwenani lama-platelet.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-pancytopenia?
Izimpawu ze-pancytopenia empeleni ziyizimpawu ezibangelwa ukwehla kwezinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kungabi khona zimpawu nhlobo. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezingavela ngaphansi kwalezi zimo ngazinye.
| Ukwehla kwenani lamaseli egazi (igama lezokwelapha) | Izimpawu ezivamile |
|---|---|
| Ukuncipha kwamaseli abomvu egazi (I-anemia) |
|
| Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi anciphile (i-Leukopenia) |
|
| Inani eliphansi lamaplatelet (I-Thrombocytopenia) |
|
| Izimpawu ezinkulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha noma ukuya e-ETU (i-Emergency Treatment Unit) | |
| |
Ziyini izimbangela ze-pancytopenia?
Kungaba nezimbangela eziningi ze-pancytopenia. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokuba zonke izivivinyo zenziwe, kunezimo lapho kungatholakali khona imbangela . Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Idiopathic Pancytopenia'. Kodwa nansi ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu:
- Izifo ezihlobene nomnkantsha wamathambo:Izifo lapho umongo wethambo ungakwazi ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi anempilo anele. Isibonelo, isifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Aplastic Anemia'.
- Umdlavuza: Umdlavuza wegazi noma womnkantsha wamathambo, njenge-leukemia kanye ne-lymphoma, usakazekela emnkantsha wamathambo futhi uphazamise ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana anempilo. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-pancytopenia iyi-leukemia. Cha, akunjalo. Kodwa i-leukemia iyimbangela eyinhloko ye-pancytopenia.
- Ukwelashwa komdlavuza: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nemisebe kungabhubhisa hhayi kuphela amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kodwa futhi namangqamuzana egazi anempilo ahlukana ngokushesha.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Lesi simo singabangelwa ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezinzima, njenge-HIV, i-Hepatitis C, kanye ne-Mononucleosis.
- Izinkinga Zokuzivikela Emzimbeni: Ngezinye izikhathi uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu luqala ngephutha ukuhlasela amangqamuzana ethu egazi aphilile. I-Lupus iyisibonelo esihle salokhu.
- Imithi ethile: Nakuba ingavamile, lesi simo singaba umphumela omubi wemithi efana neminye imithi elwa namagciwane kanye nemithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
- Ukuchayeka ebuthi: Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali afana ne-arsenic, i-benzene, noma imisebe kungalimaza umongo wethambo.
- Izifo zesibindi nokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile: Izifo ezifana ne-cirrhosis yesibindi zingabangela ukuthi ubende lukhule futhi amaseli egazi abanjwe futhi abhujiswe.
- Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo: Kwamanye amazwe, ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba ezifana ne-vitamin B12 noma i-folate nakho kuyimbangela yalesi simo.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi simo?
Uma ubona udokotela, uzoqala akubuze ngezimpawu zakho, abuze ngomlando womndeni wakho wezifo, bese ekuxilonga. Uma kusolwa ukuthi i-pancytopenia iyanda, angase acele ukuhlolwa okuningana, okufana nalokhu:
- Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (FBC): Lokhu kungahlola ukuthi mangaki amangqamuzana abomvu, amangqamuzana amhlophe, nama-platelet egazini lakho.
- Ukuskena Kwegazi Okungaphandle: Isampula yegazi ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukuma nokubukeka kwamaseli akujwayelekile yini.
- I-Bone Marrow Biopsy: Lolu vivinyo olucacile kakhulu. Ucezu oluncane kakhulu lomnkantsha luthathwa endaweni efana nethambo lesinqe ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia bese luhlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini isifo emnkantsha.
- Ezinye izivivinyo: Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo ezifana namazinga amavithamini, ukusebenza kwesibindi, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezifo kungenziwa ukuze kutholakale imbangela.
Iphathwa kanjani i-pancytopenia?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule yile: Ukwelashwa kwe-pancytopenia kuncike esimweni esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu. Odokotela bazoqala bazame ukuthola imbangela bese beyelapha.
- Uma imbangela iwukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo , ingalungiswa ngokudla okufanele kanye nezithasiselo zamavithamini.
- Uma imbangela kuyimithi , udokotela uzoyiyeka leyo mithi bese enikeza omunye umuthi ofanele.
- Uma kungenxa yokutheleleka , leso sifo siyalashwa.
- Uma imbangela kuyisifo sokuzivikela komzimba , kunikezwa imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba.
Ngesikhathi kwelashwa imbangela eyinhloko, ukwelashwa okunjengalokhu kuyasetshenziswa futhi ukuphatha i-pancytopenia:
- Ukufakwa Kwegazi: Uma inani lamaseli abomvu egazi noma ama-platelet liphansi kakhulu, igazi linikezwa livela emithonjeni yangaphandle ukuze libuyiselwe ngokushesha.
- Imithi evuselela umnkantsha wamathambo: Kunikezwa imijovo ukusiza umnkantsha wamathambo ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi engeziwe.
- Ukufakelwa Kweseli Lesiqu noma Umongo Wethambo: Kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, umongo wethambo onesifo uyasuswa bese ushintshwa umongo wethambo onempilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-pancytopenia akuyona isifo, kodwa yisimo esibangelwa ukwehla kwazo zonke izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zamaseli egazini lakho (obomvu, omhlophe, nama-platelet).
- Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sesinye isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo, ngakho into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imbangela.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okungabekezeleleki, izinhlungu ezivamile, kanye nokugula okuvamile, ungazinaki bese ubona udokotela ofanelekayo.
- Uma imbangela efanele itholakele futhi yelashwa, lesi simo singalawulwa noma silapheke ngokuphelele. Ngakho ungakhathazeki.
- Ungalokothi uqale noma uyeke imithi wedwa. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho njalo.
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