Cabanga ukuthi uya kudokotela ngenxa yesimo esithile sezokwelapha, bese bekunikeza ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Uma uthola umbiko ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, uma ubona amanye amagama ezokwelapha kuwo, sizizwa sesaba futhi sinesithakazelo, akunjalo? Igama elithi 'Polychromasia' lingenye yamagama anjalo. Leli gama embikweni wakho akuyona into okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo noma uyicabange njengesifo esingathi sína. Libonisa inqubo emzimbeni wakho kuphela. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuthi iyini ngempela i-Polychromasia, ukuthi kungani iqoshwa embikweni, nokuthi yini okudingeka uyiqaphele ngayo.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Polychromasia?
I-Polychromasia ayisona isifo. Kuyinto oyibonayo lapho isampula yegazi lakho ihlolwa elabhorethri. Kalula nje, kusho ukuthi amanye amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi, uma ehlolwa ngodayi okhethekile, aphenduka umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nompunga.
Ngokuvamile, amangqamuzana ethu abomvu egazi avuthwa emnkantsheni wamathambo, okusho ukuthi avuthiwe ngokugcwele futhi alungele ukukhishwa egazini. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngesizathu esithile, umnkantshe ukhipha lawa maseli abomvu egazi egazini ngaphambi kokuba avuthwe, okusho ukuthi awavuthiwe . Kwezokwelapha, sibiza lawa maseli abomvu egazi angavuthiwe ngokuthi "ama-Reticulocyte." Lawo maseli asabela nge-pigment ekhethekile futhi avele aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngakho-ke, umbiko wakho uthi i-Polychromasia, okusho ukuthi unenani elikhulu lala maseli abomvu egazi angavuthiwe egazini lakho.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-polychromasia
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sifunde kancane ngamaseli ethu abomvu egazi.
Wonke amaseli nezicubu emzimbeni wethu zidinga umoya-mpilo ukuze ziphile. Amaseli abomvu egazi yiwona athwala lo moya-mpilo oyigugu esuka emaphashini aye kuwo wonke umzimba. Lawa akhiqizwa efektri ebizwa ngokuthi umongo wethu wamathambo. Akhula kahle emnothweni wamathambo cishe izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokuba akhishwe egazini. Ngokuvamile, iseli elibomvu legazi liphila cishe izinsuku eziyi-120. Lapho efa, i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi ``Erythropoietin`` ekhiqizwa yizinso zethu inika umnombo wamathambo uphawu lokuthi wenze amaseli amasha abomvu egazi ukuze agcwalise isikhala.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zingaphazamisa le nqubo. Lapho umzimba udinga ngokushesha amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, noma lapho umongo wethambo uthinteka, amangqamuzana angakavuthwa ayakhululwa, athi, "Kulungile, yize engakakhiwa ngokugcwele, asekulungele ukungena egazini." Yilapho ubona khona i-Polychromasia embikweni wakho wegazi.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko ezikuleli thebula elingezansi.
| Isizathu | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Anemia - ikakhulukazi i-Hemolytic Anemia | Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi abhujiswa ngokushesha kunalokho angakhiqizwa ngakho. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umzimba ube namangqamuzana abomvu egazi ambalwa kakhulu. Ukuze kulungiswe lokhu kuntuleka, umnkantsha wamathambo ukhipha ngokushesha amangqamuzana angakavuthwa egazini. Izibonelo: - Izifo zokuzalwa (isib. i-Thalassemia, i-Sickle cell anemia) - Izimo ezenzeka kamuva (isib. imithi ethile, izifo, umdlavuza, ukusabela ekunikeleni ngegazi, izifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba njenge-lupus) |
| Ukopha kwegazi | Uma kulahleka igazi elikhulu emzimbeni, kungaba ngenxa yokulimala noma ukopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni (isib., isisu, isifuba, noma ubuchopho), umnkantsha uyashesha ukugcwalisa isikhala. Ngaleso sikhathi, amaseli angakavuthwa nawo angena egazini. |
| Izinkinga zomnkantsha wamathambo (i-Myeloid metaplasia) | Uma umongo wethambo wonakaliswa izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza (njenge-lymphoma kanye ne-multiple myeloma), ezinye izitho zomzimba, njengesibindi kanye ne-spleen, ziqala ukwenza amaseli abomvu egazi. Njengoba lezi zitho zingakwazi ukwenza amaseli avuthiwe kanye nomnkantsha wethambo, amaseli angavuthiwe ayaqoqana egazini. |
Yiziphi izimpawu ezingase zihlotshaniswe nalokhu?
Into ebalulekile ukuthi azikho izimpawu eziqondene ne-Polychromasia. Ngenxa yokuthi akusona isifo, kuyinto ebonakala embikweni webhulebhu. Kodwa-ke, ungase ube nezimpawu ezahlukene kuye ngesimo esiyisisekelo esibangele i-Polychromasia.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpawu ozibonayo azibangelwa yi-Polychromasia, kodwa zibangelwa yi-anemia, ukopha, noma esinye isifo esibangele lokhu.
Nazi ezinye izimpawu ezivamile:
| Izimpawu ezivamile ezingase zihlobane nezimo zezempilo eziyisisekelo | |
|---|---|
| - Ukukhathala | - Ubumpunga |
| - Ubunzima bokuphefumula | - Isiyezi |
| - Imfiva | - Ubuhlungu emathanjeni |
| - Ukopha okulula noma ukuklwebheka | - Ukuvuvukala kwesibindi noma ubende |
Lokhu kungahlolwa futhi kwelashwe kanjani?
Ukuhlonza
I-Polychromasia itholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi i-Peripheral Blood Smear . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha iconsi elincane legazi lakho bese ulisakaza kancane ku-slide yengilazi, ufaka udayi okhethekile kulo, bese ulihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi athole umbono omuhle ngesimo, usayizi, kanye nohlobo lwamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet egazini lakho.
Lawa maseli abomvu egazi angavuthiwe aqukethe into ebizwa ngokuthi ``Ribonucleic acid - RNA'' kunamaseli avamile. Leyo RNA isabela ne-pigment, ebanika ukubukeka kwabo okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumpunga.
Izinketho zokwelapha
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Igama elithi polychromasia ayelashwa. Ngoba akusona isifo. Ukwelashwa kungokwesimo esiyisisekelo esibangele lesi sifo.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umbiko wakho, abuze ngezimpawu zakho, bese ezama ukuthola imbangela ye-polychromasia yakho. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi enze ezinye izivivinyo.
- Uma imbangela kuyimithi, lowo muthi ungashintshwa.
- Uma imbangela kuyi-anemia, ukwelashwa okufanele (isib. amaphilisi ensimbi, amavithamini, ukumpontshelwa igazi uma kudingeka) kuzonikezwa.
- Uma imbangela kuyisifo, sizokwelashwa.
- Uma imbangela kuyisimo esibi njengomdlavuza, isiguli sizothunyelwa kodokotela abangochwepheshe bese kuqala ukwelashwa okudingekayo.
Ezinye izimbangela zingezesikhashana futhi zingelapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa. Ezinye zingaba yizimo ezingamahlalakhona ezidinga ukuphathwa impilo yonke. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngombiko wakho nodokotela wakho bese ulandela imiyalelo yakhe ngqo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Polychromasia akuyona isifo, imane nje iyinothi elingabonakala embikweni wokuhlolwa kwegazi.
- Lokhu kusho ukuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi angakavuthwa akhishwe emnkantsheni wakho ayiswe egazini.
- Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesimo sezempilo esiyimfihlo (isib. i-anemia, ukopha).
- Ukwelashwa akusikho okwe-Polychromasia, kodwa kwesimo esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu.
- Uma umbiko wakho wokuhlolwa kwegazi ubonisa into efana nale, ungesabi bese uxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho bese uthola iseluleko esifanele.
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