Okudingeka ukwazi nge-"Widowmaker" Heart Attack!

Wake wezwa nge-"Widowmaker" Heart Attack? Lolu uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Eqinisweni, lungaba usongo olusheshayo ezimpilweni zethu. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe nakubathandekayo bakho ukuqaphela lokhu.

Kuyini lokhu kuhlaselwa yinhliziyo "komfelokazi"?

Kalula nje, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo "okwenza umfelokazi" uhlobo olubi kakhulu lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi omunye wemithambo yegazi emikhulu kakhulu enhliziyweni yethu, umthambo oyinhloko ohlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni, uvaleka ngokuphelele. Lo mthambo ubizwa ngokuthi i-Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) . Ukuze kube sobala, lo mthambo we-LAD yilowo othwala igazi elihlanzekile eligcwele umoya-mpilo uye e-ventricle yesobunxele yenhliziyo yethu, igumbi eliyinhloko lokupompa phansi kwenhliziyo. Lo mthambo ongakwesokunxele yilowo othumela igazi e-aorta, elipompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Ngakho-ke cabanga ukuthi bekuzokwenzekani ukube lo mthambo oyinhloko ubuvalekile!

Odokotela babiza ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngokuthi "i-myocardial infarction." Lokhu kusho ukuthi imisipha yenhliziyo (i-myocardium) ayitholi igazi elanele. Ngaphandle komoya-mpilo, imisipha yenhliziyo iqala ukufa. Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Uma ucabanga ukuthi uhlaselwa yinhliziyo, shayela u-1990 (insizakalo ye-ambulensi ephuthumayo yaseSri Lanka) ngokushesha, noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze.

Kubaluleke kangakanani lokhu ngempela?

Lokhu kuhlaselwa yinhliziyo "okubangela umfelokazi" kuyinto engaba yingozi empilweni ngokushesha . Cabanga ngakho, lowo mthambo we-LAD esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili, unikeza cishe u-50%, noma ingxenye, yegazi elidingwa yimisipha yenhliziyo yethu. Ngakho-ke, uma uvalekile ngokuphelele, ingxenye enkulu yenhliziyo iyavalwa ukugeleza kwegazi. Yingakho kuyingozi kangaka.

Ubani ongahlakulela lesi sifo senhliziyo?

Nakuba ibizwa ngokuthi "Widowmaker," okusho ukuthi "widow-maker," lesi akusona isifo esithinta amadoda kuphela. Abesifazane nabo bangaba nalolu hlobo lwesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke ungakhohliswa yileli gama.

Kunezici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuba nesifo senhliziyo:

• Ubudala: Uma uyindoda, ngemva kweminyaka engu-45. Uma ungowesifazane, ngemva kweminyaka engu-50.
• Umlando womndeni: Uma kukhona emndenini wakho onesifo senhliziyo.
• Ukudla okungenampilo: Uma udla ukudla okuningi kakhulu okunamafutha amaningi, usawoti, ushukela, i-fiber encane, kanye nokungalingani. Sidinga futhi ukucabanga "ngokudla okusheshayo" kanye "nelayisi elithosiwe" esikudlayo.
• Ukusebenzisa ugwayi: Uma ubhema ugwayi, sebenzisa izinto ezifana ne-bidis, ugwayi, njll.
• Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Uma uphila impilo yokuhlala phansi ngaphandle kokuzilolonga umzimba wakho.
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha:
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kusho ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme .
• I-cholesterol ephezulu.
• Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus) .

Yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zalokhu?

"Umfelokazi" Lezi ezinye zezimpawu ezingase zivele ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Uma uhlangabezana nenye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi, ungakuzibi.

• Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki esifubeni: Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko. Kungase kuzwakale njengokucindezeleka esifubeni, isisindo esinzima phakathi kwesifuba, noma umuzwa wokucindezela. Abanye abantu bangase babe nomuzwa wokushisa esifubeni.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula: Kuvele kube nzima ukuphefumula, futhi ungase uzizwe sengathi uzoquleka.
• Isiyezi: Ungase uzizwe sengathi ikhanda lakho liyazungeza futhi kungaba nzima ukuma unganyakazi.
• Ukucasuka kwesisu noma isicanucanu: Ungase uzizwe sengathi isisu sakho siyaphenduka noma ungase uzizwe sengathi uzohlanza. Abanye abantu badidanisa lokhu ne-gastritis.
• Ukukhathala okukhulu: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi ukhathele ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu: Ukuzizwa unesiyezi noma uzizwa unesizungu.
• Ubuhlungu kwenye indawo emzimbeni ongaphezulu: Lobuhlungu bungase buqale esifubeni busakazeke engalweni yesobunxele, bungene ehlombe, entanyeni, emhlathini, noma emhlane ophakathi.

Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela u-1990 ngokushesha noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze. Ungashayeli wedwa. Tshela umndeni wakho. Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu lapha!

Yini ebangela lesi simo esiyingozi?

Imbangela eyinhloko yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo "ngumfelokazi" yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-atherosclerosis." Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-cholesterol namanye amafutha avela ekudleni okungenampilo esikudlayo enqwabelana odongeni lomthambo wethu we-LAD. Njengokugqwala okwakheka epayipini lamanzi, lawa ma-deposit ancipha kancane kancane futhi aqinise umthambo. Ekugcineni, la ma-deposit angaqhuma, akhe i-blood clot engavimba ngokuphelele umthambo. Yilapho-ke kwenzeka khona ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma uya esibhedlela, odokotela bazokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze bathole lesi simo senhliziyo "somfelokazi".

• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Lokhu kuhlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo. Izinguquko kulokhu zingabonakala ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lokhu kuhlolwa okwenziwa ngokunamathisela izitikha ezincane esifubeni noma ezingalweni zakho.
• I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo. Kungahlola ikhono lenhliziyo lokupompa, ukusebenza kwama-valve, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini umonakalo emisipheni yenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Kunezinhlobo ezithile zama-enzyme (isib. i-troponin) ezikhishwa egazini lapho imisipha yenhliziyo yonakele. Amazinga azo angasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
• I-X-ray yesifuba:Lokhu kusiza ukuhlola ezinye izinkinga zesifuba, njengenhliziyo ekhulisiwe.
• I-Coronary Angiogram: Lesi isivivinyo esiyinhloko sokubona ukuthi imithambo yegazi ivalekile kangakanani. Ipayipi elincane lifakwa emthanjeni engalweni noma emlenzeni, kufakwe idayi emithanjeni yenhliziyo, bese kuthathwa i-X-ray.
• I-Cardiac CT Scan (Cardiac Computed Tomography - CT): Lokhu futhi kuyi-scan ekhethekile eyenziwayo ukuze kubonwe isimo semithambo yenhliziyo.
• I-Heart MRI (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu kunganikeza nolwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nesakhiwo kanye nomsebenzi wenhliziyo.
• Ukuskena kwenhliziyo yenuzi: Lokhu kungabheka nokuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani enhliziyweni.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo?

Odokotela basebenzisa izinto ezinjengalezi lapho belapha isifo senhliziyo "somuntu osebenza nge-widomaker":

• Imaski yomoya-mpilo: I-oxygen inikezwa ukunciphisa ubunzima bokuphefumula nokwandisa inani lomoya-mpilo ofinyelela enhliziyweni.
• Izinhlobo zemithi:
• Nciphisa ubuhlungu.
• Ncibilikisa amahlule egazi noma uwavimbele ukuthi akheke (isib. i-aspirin, i-clopidogrel).
• Lawula izigqi zenhliziyo ezingavamile.
• Ukwehlisa i-cholesterol (ama-statin).
• Lawula umfutho wegazi.
• I-Angioplasty: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ibhaluni elincane emthanjeni we-LAD ovinjiwe bese ulifutha ukuze landise indawo evinjiwe.
• Ukubekwa kwe-stent: Ngemva kokuba umthambo usunwetshiwe nge-angioplasty, kufakwa idivayisi encane efana ne-mesh (stent) ukuze ingayinciphisi futhi. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokwelapha esheshayo.
• Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Coronary Artery Bypass (CABG): Uma umthambo uvalekile ezindaweni eziningi, noma uma umncane kakhulu ukuba ungangeni kwi-stent, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-bypass kwenziwa. Lokhu kuhilela ukudlula umthambo ovalekile nokudala indlela entsha kusetshenziswa ucezu lomthambo oluthathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba.

Ngokuvamile, umfelokazi kungase kudingeke ahlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezine ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu kungase kudingeke bahlale isikhathi eside uma kuvela izinkinga.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Yebo, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingabangela imiphumela emibi emincane.

• Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nengozi yokopha ngenxa yezinto ezinciphisa igazi.
• Ngemva kokufakwa kwe-stent, kuzodingeka uphuze imithi ethile (isib. i-Aspirin, i-Clopidogrel) impilo yakho yonke ukuze uvimbele ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi ngaphakathi kuyo.
• Uma kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass, kunethuba elincane lokuthi izinkinga ezinkulu, njenge-stroke, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okunye, noma ukufa, zingase zenzeke, nakuba zingavamile kakhulu. Kodwa odokotela benza konke okusemandleni abo ukunciphisa lezi zingozi.

Singazama kanjani ukuvimbela lokhu?

Ngenhlanhla, kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukunciphisa ingozi yethu yokuthola noma yisiphi isifo senhliziyo, okuhlanganisa nalesi sifo senhliziyo "esibangela ukushona komfelokazi". Uma kwenziwa kahle, lokhu kungenza umehluko omkhulu.

• Ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo:
• Ukudla okunamafutha agcwele aphansi: Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ukudla okwenziwe ngamafutha kakhukhunathi (ngokulinganisela kuphela), inyama ebomvu (inyama yenkomo, ingulube), ukudla okusheshayo, kanye nokudla okubhakiwe (okunebhotela eliningi kanye ne-margarine) ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ukulawula ushukela: Nciphisa ukudla okunoshukela njengeziphuzo ezinoshukela, amakhekhe, amabhisikidi, kanye ne-ayisikhilimu. Kudingeka futhi siqaphele ushukela esiwufaka etiyeni lethu.
• Ukulawula usawoti: Nciphisa inani likasawoti owufaka ekudleni kwakho. Ama-pickle, izinhlanzi ezinosawoti, kanye nama-sauce nakho kunosawoti omningi.
• Imifino, izithelo, kanye nemifino eluhlaza: Faka lokhu ekudleni okuningana ngosuku. Ukudla okune-fiber eningi kuhle kakhulu enhliziyweni.
• Inhlanzi: Yidla inhlanzi okungenani izinsuku ezimbili ngesonto. Ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi ezinamafutha njenge-salmon, i-mackerel, kanye ne-sardine zinhle.
• Ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu, nesifo sikashukela: Uma unalezi zimo, thatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ngesikhathi. Thola ukuhlolwa njalo.
• Gwema imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele: Yeka ukubhema ugwayi ngokushesha. Ukuba seduze nabantu ababhemayo (ukubhema ugwayi ngaphandle kokubhema) nakho kuyingozi.
• Ukuzivocavoca okuvamile: Zibekele okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 ngesonto (okungukuthi imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku ezi-5 ngesonto) yokuzivocavoca ngamandla aphakathi nendawo. Ukuhamba ngokushesha, ukugijima, ukugibela ibhayisikili, noma ukubhukuda kuyizinketho ezinhle.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Gcina isisindo esinempilo ngobude bakho. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuyimbangela enkulu yesifo senhliziyo.
• Ukulawula ukucindezeleka: Zama ukuphumula ingqondo yakho ngezinto ezifana ne-yoga nokuzindla. Lala ngokwanele.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo "yiWidowmaker"?

Ngokuvamile kungathatha cishe amasonto ayisishiyagalombili ukululama ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo "komfelokazi", kodwa lokhu kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu.

• Abanye abantu bayakwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini cishe emavikini amabili.
• Kwabanye, kungathatha izinyanga ezintathu ukululama ngokuphelele.
• Uma umsebenzi wakho unzima ngokomzimba (isib., ukulima, ukwakha), ungase uthande ukucabanga ngokushintshela emsebenzini ongenzima kakhulu.

Sinjani isimo sesikhathi eside?

Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kuyesabisa, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi. Ama-50% okufa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwenzeka emahoreni ambalwa okuqala emva kwezimpawu. Yingakho besilokhu sithi kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu.

Kodwa-ke, uma ungasinda ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, abantu abaningi bangalulama ngokugcwele.Kodwa-ke, ngokwezibalo, cishe abantu abayi-10% abahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo bafa phakathi nonyaka wokuqala. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukushintsha indlela yakho yokuphila nokulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani ngemva kwalokho?

Uma uke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kuzodingeka wenze izinguquko ezinkulu empilweni yakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi akuphinde kwenzeke. Cabanga ngalokhu njengesiqalo esisha.

• Bamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zokuvuselela inhliziyo: Ngemva kokuphuma esibhedlela, odokotela bakho bangase bakuthumele ohlelweni olubizwa ngokuthi "ukuvuselela inhliziyo." Lolu hlelo lukufundisa izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa indlela yokuzivocavoca, ukudla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo, kanye nokulawula ukucindezeleka. Qiniseka ukuthi uyakwenza lokhu.
• Ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, yamukela ukudla okunamafutha amancane, usawoti, noshukela, kanye nezithelo nemifino eminingi.
• Ukulawula ukucindezeleka: Gcina ingqondo yakho ijabule. Chitha isikhathi nomndeni nabangane.
• Ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa ugwayi: Lokhu kuyimpoqo.
• Thatha umuthi njengoba nje udokotela ewushilo: Ungaphuthelwa yinoma yimuphi umuthi owushilo udokotela, uwuthathe ngesikhathi futhi ube semkhawulweni owushilo. Eminye imithi kuzodingeka ithathwe impilo yakho yonke. Ungabi namahloni ngakho. Kungenxa yokuphepha kwakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Qiniseka ukuthi uya kuzo zonke izikhathi zokubona udokotela wakho akunike zona emtholampilo. Bafuna ukubona ukuthi uyalulama kanjani, ukuthi unemiphumela emibi yini ngenxa yemithi yakho, nokuthi umthamo wakho udinga ukushintshwa yini. Buza noma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngaleso sikhathi.

Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo futhi?

Uma uphinda uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (njengobuhlungu besifuba esikhulume ngabo ngaphambili, ukuphelelwa umoya), shayela u-911 noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha . Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uya kudokotela, ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• "Angakanani amathuba okuba ngiphinde ngihlaselwe yinhliziyo?"
• "Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwesimo sami?"
• "Ingabe akhona amaqembu okusekela abantu abalulama esifweni senhliziyo abangajoyina?"
• "Ngingaqaphela kanjani ngokudla nangeziphuzo?"
• "Ngingazivocavoca kanjani?"

Ukwazi lezi zinto ngokucacile kuzokusiza kakhulu.

Ekugcineni, kukhona okufanele ukukhumbule! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo "komfelokazi" kuyingozi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqaphela lokhu nokuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha, singavimbela umonakalo omkhulu.

Uma usola ukuthi unezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, funa usizo ngokushesha.Lokho kusho ukuthi ushayele u-1990. Uma ufika esibhedlela ngokushesha, odokotela abaningi bangasindisa imisipha yenhliziyo yakho. Ithimba le-ambulensi lizoqala ukukwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho likuyisa esibhedlela. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukushayela i-ambulensi kunokuba umngane noma isihlobo sikushayele.

Nakekela inhliziyo yakho. Yamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo. Lolu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu kuwe nakubantu obathandayo. Ngakho-ke, bazise ngalokhu futhi.

ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo yomfelokazi , ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, inhliziyo, umthambo we-LAD, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, impilo yenhliziyo, i-atherosclerosis, i-cholesterol, ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo