Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo sesikhumba esibizwa ngokuthi ama-yaws!

Wake wezwa ngesifo sesikhumba esibizwa ngokuthi 'ama-Yaws'? Mhlawumbe leli gama lisha kuwe. Kodwa liyisifo esihlala isikhathi esifushane esingabonakala kwezinye izindawo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi singalimaza hhayi isikhumba kuphela kodwa namathambo. Ngakho-ke, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, ake sixoxe ngaleli 'ma-Yaws' ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula kakhulu namuhla, kulungile?

Kuyini uYaws? Kalula nje...

I-Yaws iwukutheleleka kwesikhumba okubangelwa amagciwane isikhathi eside . Ibangelwa uhlobo oluthile lwebhaktheriya ethi `Treponema pallidum` (uhlobo oluthile oluhlala isikhathi eside). Iqala njengeqhubu engxenyeni eyodwa yesikhumba futhi ingasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma ingelashwa kahle, ingaphinde ivele ngemva kwezinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungabangela umonakalo ongapheli esikhumbeni, emathanjeni, nakwezinye izicubu.

I-Yaws ingeqembu lezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-endemic treponematoses'. Iyaziwa futhi kwezinye izindawo ngamagama athi 'pian', 'framboesia' kanye ne-'bouba'.

Ziyini izigaba ze-Yaws?

Kunezigaba ezine eziyinhloko zokuyawuka. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

Isigaba sokuqala (Ukugoba Okuyinhloko)

Lesi yisigaba lapho uqala ukubona khona izimpawu . Siqala njengeqhubu elincane esikhumbeni, elikhula kancane kancane futhi lingase lakhe uqweqwe phezulu. Lokhu kuvame ukuhlala cishe izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha.

Isigaba sesibili (Ukugoba Kwesibili)

Isigaba sesibili siqala ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala. Phakathi nalesi sigaba , amaqhubu angavela ezindaweni eziningi zesikhumba . Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kungasakazekela emathanjeni.

Ama-Latent Yaws

Kulesi sigaba, noma ngabe uhlolwe ukuthi unegciwane le-T. pallidum, ungase ungabi nazimpawu . Lokhu kungahlala iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa-ke, kuthiwa usengathelela omunye umuntu ngalesi sikhathi.

Ukuqunjelwa Kwezinga Eliphakeme/Elisemuva

Uma ingelashwa, cishe abantu abayi-10% abathola ama-yaws bazokhula kulesi sigaba sesithathu eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyishumi ngemva kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ama-yaws asephuzile." Phakathi nalesi sigaba , izilonda ezisakazekile nezibhubhisayo zingakhula kuwo wonke umzimba .

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Yaws ne-Syphilis?

Cishe uke wezwa nge-syphilis. Amagciwane abangela i-yaws afana kakhulu namagciwane abangela i-syphilis. Kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi i-yaws ayisona isifo esithathelwana ngocansi . Isakazeka ngokuqhekeka kwesikhumba, njengokusikeka noma isilonda.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Yaws?

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokuqunjelwa yizigaba ezintathu okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla, ezihlanganisa ukubonakala kwamaqhubu, izilonda, kanye nezilonda esikhumbeni, ezisakazeka futhi zishintshe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingabonakala futhi:

• Ama-lymph node avuvukele
• Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala emathanjeni
• Ukukhathala
• I-Malaise

Manje ake sibone ukuthi izimpawu zinjani esigabeni ngasinye.

Izimpawu zesigaba sokuqala

Lesi yisigaxa sokuqala esibonakala esikhumbeni lapho kuvela ama-yaws. Sibangelwa yibhaktheriya ethi `Treponema pallidum pertenue`. Singavela noma kuphi emzimbeni, kodwa sivame ukubonakala emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni . Ngezinye izikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi "umama wama-yaw". Siqala njenge-blister encane, bese siphenduka isilonda esikhulu nesilumayo. Singase sigcwale ubomvu noqweqwe. Ngokuvamile siyaphola sodwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, sishiye isibazi.

Izimpawu zesigaba sesibili

Izimpawu zesigaba sesibili zivame ukuqala cishe inyanga noma ezimbili ngemva kokuvela kokuqubuka kokuqala. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaqala eminyakeni emibili. Phakathi nalesi sigaba , ukuqubuka kuvela ezindaweni eziningana zesikhumba , ikakhulukazi ezingalweni, emilenzeni nasezinyaweni. Kungabukeka kanje:

• Okufana ne-wart
• Isilonda noma isilonda
• Kuphakanyisiwe futhi kugobile / “kufana ne-raspberry”
• Umbala ophuzi obomvu
• Isicaba, njengekhorali
• Imvelo eqinile, eqinile

Kulesi sigaba, ama-yaws angasakazeka emathanjeni , okubangela ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala eminweni, ezinzwaneni, ezandleni nasezinyaweni.

Izimpawu zesigaba sesithathu

Uma kungelashwa, abanye abantu bakhula lesi sigaba sokugcina sokuwa kwama-yaws eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyishumi ngemva kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, izilonda zama-yaws kungenzeka ukuthi sezisakazekele ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba . Ungase uqaphele izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Amaqhubu amakhulu eduze kwamalunga
• Amanxeba avulekile angena ajule esikhumbeni, e-cartilage, noma emathanjeni
• Amabala aqinile, aqinile (ama-plaque) ezintendeni zezandla nasematheni ezinyawo

Yini ebangela ukuqunjelwa?

Ukuqunjelwa kubangelwa uhlobo oluthile lwebhaktheriya i-Treponema pallidum ebizwa ngokuthi i-pertenue. Esigabeni sokuqala nesesibili sokuqunjelwa, amagciwane atholakala ezilonda zesikhumba nasezilonda. Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo sisakazekela kwabanye ngokuxhumana nezilonda nezilonda zomuntu oqunyiwe .

Ingabe ama-Yaws ayathelelana?

Yebo, i-yaws iyisifo esithathelwanayo.Ukuqubuka kusakazeka kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye ngokuxhumana kwesikhumba nesikhumba nokuqubuka. Isibonelo, lapho izingane ezincane zidlala ndawonye, ​​​​uma ingane enesifo sokuqubuka ithola amagciwane esilondeni esincane noma enxebeni esikhumbeni somunye umntwana, lesi sifo singasakazeka. Ukuqubuka kuyathelelana ezigabeni ezimbili zokuqala. Akuthelelani esigabeni sesithathu.

Ubani othola ama-yaws kakhulu?

Ezindaweni zomhlaba lapho ukuqunjelwa kuvame khona, lesi sifo sivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-15 ubudala . Kodwa nabantu abadala bangasithola. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi abantu abadala kulezo zindawo bathuthukisa ukuzivikela kuso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, umuntu ohamba esuka endaweni lapho ukuqunjelwa kungavamile ukuya kwenye yalezi zindawo usengozini yokuthola lesi sifo ngoba akanawo lowo mzimba wokuvikeleka.

Ikuphi lapho ama-Yaws avame kakhulu khona?

Ama-yaws avame ukubonakala (avamile) ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinezimo zezulu ezishisayo nezinomswakama . Isibonelo:

• Amanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia
• Amazwe aseNtshonalanga nase-Afrika Ephakathi
• Eziqhingini zasePacific

Lokhu kuvame ukuvame kakhulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-yaws?

Uma ama-yaws engelashwa kahle, izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuvuvukala kweminwe nezinzwane (i-dactylitis)
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo noma isembozo sawo sangaphandle (i-periostitis)
• Ukufa kwezicubu (i-necrosis)
• Ukonakala kwesimo
• Ukubhujiswa kwamathambo kanye ne-cartilage yekhala (`gangosa`)
• Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane
• Ubunzima bokuhamba noma ezinye izivimbelo zomzimba ngenxa yama-plaque noma omunye umonakalo ezintendeni nasematheni.

Lezi zinkinga zimbi kakhulu, akunjalo? Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha uma unezimpawu zokuqunjelwa.

Isifo sikaYaws sitholakala kanjani?

Udokotela uzohlonza ama-yaws ngokuhlola isikhumba sakho bese ebuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Bangase futhi bahlole amasampula avela ezilondeni noma amasampula egazi ukuze bathole i-bacterium T. pallidum. Uma ibhekwa nge-microscope, amabhaktheriya abangela ama-yaws kanye nama-bacteria abangela i-syphilis abukeka efana kakhulu. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi umehluko iwukubona izimpawu zakho.

Ingabe ama-yaws angelapheka?

Yebo, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ama-yaws angelapheka! Ngokuvamile, umthamo owodwa, ophezulu wama-antibiotic ungawelapha ngokuphelele. Odokotela bavame ukunikeza iphilisi elibizwa ngokuthi `azithromycin` noma umuthi wokugomela obizwa ngokuthi `benzathine penicillin G`. Ama-yaws angelapheka kunoma yisiphi isigaba. Kodwa-ke, uma uthola ukwelashwa ezigabeni zokuqala, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu.

Kwenzekani uma uzizwa uthukuthele? Uyini umbono?

I-Yaws ivame ukuba yisifo esingelapheka . Imiphumela iba mihle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma yelashwa ekuqaleni kokutheleleka. Kodwa-ke, uma ingelashwa, ingashiya izibazi ezihlala njalo kanye nomonakalo olimazayo .

Ungazivikela kanjani kuma-Yaws?

Ukuze uzivikele ekuqhekekeni, kufanele ugweme ukuthintana kwesikhumba nomuntu oqhekekile . Ukuqhekeka akusabalali ngesifo sesikhumba sesigaba sesithathu. Futhi, odokotela banganikeza ama-antibiotic ukuvala ukuxhumana komuntu oqhekekile ukuze bavimbele ukutheleleka.

I-World Health Organization (WHO) nayo isebenzisa uhlelo olukhulu lokuqeda ngokuphelele ama-Yaws. Abakwenzayo ukwelapha wonke umuntu emiphakathini lapho ama-Yaws evame khona, hhayi nje labo abanezimpawu.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma ukulesi simo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela:

• Uma uke waya noma uhlala endaweni lapho ukuqunjelwa kuvame khona, futhi unezimpawu.
• Uma isihlobo sakho esiseduze sitholakale sinesifo i-Yaws.
• Uma unenxeba emzimbeni wakho elingapholi, noma uma lihlala libuya.

Uma kwelashwa kusenesikhathi, ukutheleleka kungalapheka ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo ongapheli.

Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka okukhulu njengalezi, hamba uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kuka-103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius)
• Uma isikhumba esizungeze isilonda sibomvu, sizwakala sishisa, noma sinobuhlungu obukhulu
• Isiyezi, ubuthakathaka
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi
• Ukuncipha noma ukulahlekelwa umchamo

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Uma uya kudokotela wakho, kuyasiza ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Yisiphi isigaba salesi sifo?
• Ingabe isikhumba sami sizoba ngcono?
• Ngingasivikela kanjani isikhumba sami size siphole?
• Ingabe izihlobo zami eziseduze nazo zidinga ukuthatha ama-antibiotic?
• Ngingathelela omunye umuntu isikhathi esingakanani?

Ekugcineni, khumbula

I-Yaws isifo sesikhumba esingaqala kancane futhi sisakazeke emzimbeni wonke, okubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Sivame kakhulu ezindaweni lapho izikhungo zezempilo zingafinyeleleki kalula khona. Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-yaws, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile ingelashwa kalula ngomthamo owodwa wama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, ezigabeni zokugcina, umonakalo ungase ungalungiseki. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kungcono kakhulu!

'ama-yaws, i-framboesia, i-pian, i-treponema pallidum pertenue, ukutheleleka kwesikhumba, isifo sasezindaweni ezishisayo, impilo yengane