Uma sikhuluma nge-dengue ezweni lakithi, sonke siyasaba kancane, akunjalo? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngegciwane elidluliselwa nayizinambuzane, kodwa elinomphumela ohlukile kancane. Lelo yigciwane le-Zika. Mhlawumbe uke wezwa ngaleli gama, mhlawumbe akunjalo. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu, ikakhulukazi uma ungumuntu ocabanga ukuqala umndeni.
Kalula nje, iyini igciwane leZika?
I-Zika isifo esibangelwa yigciwane esidluliselwa uhlobo oluthile lomiyane . Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, omiyane abafanayo be -Aedes aegypti kanye ne-Aedes albopictus abasakaza i-dengue kanye ne-chikungunya ezweni lakithi nabo bangadlulisela leli gciwane. Uma leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni, lisebenzisa amangqamuzana ethu ukwenza izinhlayiya eziningi zegciwane.
Kodwa into emangalisayo ukuthi abantu abaningi abathola lesi sifo ababonisi zimpawu , noma uma bebonisa izimpawu ezincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi abazi nokuthi banalesi sifo.
Kodwa-ke, ingozi enkulu nenkulu kakhulu iwukuthi umama okhulelwe uthola lokhu kutheleleka. Uma lokho kwenzeka, igciwane lingalimaza kakhulu ubuchopho bomntwana obusakhula esibelethweni.
Ziyini izimpawu zegciwane leZika?
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, akuwona wonke umuntu othelelekile ozoba nezimpawu. Cishe oyedwa kwabahlanu (1/5) kulabo abathelelekile ozoba nezimpawu . Uma izimpawu zivela, zivame ukuhlala kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya cishe esontweni.
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuze ubone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imfiva | Umkhuhlane omncane. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ubuhlungu bekhanda ngezikhathi ezithile. |
| Ubuhlungu bamalunga | Ubuhlungu emalungeni ezitho. |
| Ukubomvu kwamehlo | Ukubomvu kwamehlo amhlophe (conjunctivitis). Amehlo angase azizwe sengathi avuvukele. |
| Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba | Ukuqhuma okubonakala njengengxube yamabala abomvu, ayisicaba, naphakeme kancane esikhumbeni. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba ukuluma. |
Leli gciwane lidluliselwa kanjani?
Kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko igciwane leZika elingadluliselwa ngazo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi lezi.
| Indlela yokudlulisela | Kwenzeka kanjani |
|---|---|
| Ngomiyane | Lena yindlela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu . Uma umiyane olumile umuntu onegciwane uluma umuntu ophilile, igciwane lidluliselwa komunye umuntu. |
| Kusukela kumama okhulelwe kuya enganeni | Uma umama etheleleke nge-Zika ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, igciwane lingadluliselwa enganeni esibelethweni nge-placenta. Yilapho-ke okudingeka sikhathazeke kakhulu khona. |
| Ngobudlelwano bocansi | Igciwane leZika lingaqhubeka noketshezi lomzimba, njengesidoda, amasonto noma ngisho nezinyanga ngemva kokuba izimpawu seziphelile. Ngakho-ke, lingadluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu liye komunye ngocansi olungavikelekile (ngomlomo, ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane, noma ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane). |
| Ngokumpontshelwa igazi | Lokhu akuvamile neze. Nakuba kubikwe emazweni amaningana emhlabeni jikelele, akuyona into evame ukubonwa. |
Okunye okwengeziwe mayelana nokudluliswa kocansi
Lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyinto entsha. Yebo, akuvamile ukuthi igciwane elithwalwa umiyane lidluliselwe ngocansi. Kodwa sekufakazelwe ukuthi iZika inalo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unezimpawu noma cha, uma uke waya endaweni lapho iZika ivame khona, into ephephile ongayenza ukusebenzisa ikhondomu uma wenza ucansi noma ukuyeka ucansi izinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kokubuya .
Kwenzekani uma umama okhulelwe ethola i-Zika? - Kungani kufanele sesabe
Uma umuntu ojwayelekile ethola i-Zika, akuyona inkinga enkulu. Kodwa uma umama okhulelwe eyithola, umonakalo engayibangela awubalulekile. Uma igciwane liwela i-placenta futhi lithelele umntwana, lingaphazamisa ukukhula komntwana, ikakhulukazi ukukhula kobuchopho .
Nazi ezinye zezinkinga ezingabangelwa yilesi simo enganeni:
- I-Microcephaly: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ikhanda nobuchopho bengane kukhula kancane kunokujwayelekile . Lokhu kungathinta kakhulu intuthuko yengqondo yengane kanye nomsebenzi wayo womzimba.
- I-Congenital Zika syndrome: Lena iqoqo lezimpawu eziba khona lapho kuzalwa. Isibonelo, ingafaka phakathi i-microcephaly enzima, ukukhubazeka kwekhanda, ukuncipha kwezicubu zobuchopho, ukulimala kwamehlo, kanye nezinkinga zamalunga.
- Okunye ukukhubazeka kobuchopho: Izimo ezifana nokugoba kobuchopho okungakheki kahle, ukunyamalala kwezakhiwo zobuchopho, kanye nokuqongelela koketshezi ebuchosheni (i-hydrocephalus) kungenzeka.
- Ukukhubazeka kokubona nokuzwa: Ingane ingaba nezinkinga zokubona noma zokuzwa.
- Isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi: Ingane ingazalwa inesisindo esingaphansi kwesijwayelekile.
Okubalulekile, akubona bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe abanegciwane iZika abazoba nomntwana onalezi zimo. Ngokwezibalo, cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-20 (5%) ezizalwa omama abanegciwane izoba nalezi ziphazamiso zokuzalwa. Kodwa ingozi ayinakuncishiswa.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwesifo iZika
Uma usanda kuhamba uye ezweni elinegciwane le-Zika futhi unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, bona udokotela wakho. Uzobuza ngomlando wakho wohambo kanye nezimpawu bese ekuthumela ukuze uyohlolwa uma kudingeka.
- Ukutholwa: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma komchamo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi unegciwane leZika.Kungenziwa.
- Ukwelashwa: Akukho muthi othize okwamanje wokwelapha igciwane leZika. Akukho futhi umuthi wokugomela. Okungenziwa nje ukwelapha izimpawu.
- Ngomkhuhlane nobuhlungu: Ungathatha umuthi ofana neParacetamol.
- Izinto okufanele uzigweme: Ungathathi imithi efana ne -aspirin noma ama-NSAID (isib., i-Ibuprofen, i-Diclofenac) ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela wakho. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimpawu zifana ne-dengue, ukuthatha le mithi ngesikhathi somkhuhlane we-dengue kungandisa ingozi yokopha.
- Ukuphumula nokuphuza: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuphumula okwanele nokuphuza uketshezi oluningi, njengamanzi neziphuzo zezithelo.
Ungazivikela kanjani egciwaneni leZika?
Njengoba kungekho ikhambi lalokhu, into engcono kakhulu okufanele yenziwe ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi khona. Kunezinto ezimbalwa esingazenza ukuze senze lokho.
| Izindlela zokuvimbela | |
|---|---|
| Ukuvikelwa komiyane |
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| Imiyalelo ekhethekile yomama abakhulelwe |
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| Kulabo abalindele izingane |
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Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ikakhulukazi uma ukhulelwe noma ulindele umntwana, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Zika isifo esibangelwa yigciwane esidluliselwa omiyane abafanayo abasakaza udenga.
- Abantu abaningi ababonisi zimpawu. Uma bezibona, ngokuvamile ziba zincane, njengomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba.
- Ingozi enkulu kakhulu itholakala kumama okhulelwe . Ingabangela umonakalo omkhulu ekukhuleni kobuchopho bomntwana ongakazalwa.
- Igciwane leZika lingadluliselwa hhayi ngomiyane kuphela, kodwa nangokuxhumana ngokocansi .
- Njengoba kungekho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalokhu, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuzivikela komiyane nokwenza ucansi oluphephile.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma ulindele umntwana, gwema ukuya ezindaweni lapho iZika ivame khona. Uma ungabaza, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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