Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ yehu nsakrae nketenkete bi wɔ yɛn ani so a, yɛte ehu nka kakra, ɛnte saa? Titiriw bere a nneɛma fi ase yɛ soronko kakra no. Wɔfrɛ tebea a ɛte saa biako
macular pucker . Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, momma yɛnka ho asɛm tiawa.
Dɛn ankasa ne eyi (Macular Pucker)?
Fa w’ani sɛ mfoninitwa afiri. Ɔfasu bi wɔ mfoninitwa afiri yi akyi, na yɛfrɛ
no retina . Wɔakyere mfonini biara a wubehu wɔ saa retina yi so, te sɛ sini. Wɔ saa retina yi mfinimfini no, baabi ketewaa bi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no
macula . Yehu nneɛma pefee, nnam, kenkan nhoma, hu nkyerɛwde, esiane saa macula yi nti. Afei, wɔ saa tebea a wɔfrɛ no ``Macular Pucker`` yi mu no, nea ɛba ne sɛ, wɔ macula no so no, cellophane, anaasɛ ntini a ɛyɛ tratraa yiye, anaasɛ
akuru ntini bi wɔ hɔ . Nnuruyɛfo nso frɛ eyi
``Epiretinal Membrane (ERM)`` , na nnipa binom nso frɛ no
``Cellophane Maculopathy`` . Bere a saa ntini yi twetwe nkakrankakra no, macula a ɛwɔ ase no nso trɛw na ɛyɛ nsensanee te sɛ ntama. Ɛno ne nea wɔfrɛ no ``Macular Pucker'' anaa 'macular puckering.'' Eyi mfa anisoadehu mu haw akɛse mma obiara, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi asesa ɔkwan a wofa so hu nneɛma, na ama ayɛ te sɛ nea wɔakyinkyim.
Saa tebea yi abu so dɛn?
Saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no `(Macular Pucker)` no abu so ankasa sen sɛnea ebia wubesusuw. Nnansa yi nhwehwɛmu ahorow ada no adi sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ aman bi mu no fã kɛse bi betumi anya saa tebea yi.
Asiane a ɛwɔ tebea yi mu no yɛ kɛse bere a obi nyin no. Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ `(Macular Pucker)` na obenya anisoadehu.
Dɛn ne eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne? Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ wowɔ bi?
Eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne sɛ w’aniwa
a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no kyinkyim. Ne titiriw no, nhama a ɛyɛ tẽẽ te sɛ mfɛnsere mu nnua, apon ano nnua, ne nsensanee a ɛwɔ nhoma bi mu
no te sɛ nea wɔatrɛw anaasɛ ayɛ nsensanee. Nnuruyɛfo nso frɛ eyi
``metamorphopsia.'' Fa no sɛ worehwɛ fam a wɔde nnua ayɛ, na ɛte sɛ nea nsensanee tẽẽ a ɛda nnua no ntam no ayɛ nsensanee. Ɛwom sɛ eyi betumi aka aniwa abien no nyinaa de, nanso mpɛn pii no ɛka aniwa biako pɛ. Sɛ ɛwɔ aniwa abien no nyinaa mu mpo a, ebia aniwa biako bɛyɛ bɔne kakra asen foforo no. Wɔ sɛnea ɛyɛ nwi a ɛyɛ nwininwini no akyi no, ebia wubehu:
- Ɛnyɛ nea emu da hɔ sɛnea na ɛte kan no, ɛmfa ho sɛnea wobɛbɛn nea worehwɛ no.
- Ɛtɔ da bi a mfonini biako tumi pue sɛ abien (mfonini abien).
- Ebia mfonini a wohu wɔ aniwa biako mu no bɛte nka sɛ ɛsõ sen aniwa foforo no.
Adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ aniwa a ɛyera a saa ``Macular Pucker'' yi de ba no
, wɔmfa ahwehwɛ a wɔhyɛ no nsiesie. Dɛn nti na eyi rekɔ so? Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, nneɛma ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ama wɔayɛ sini wɔ macula no so. Nneɛma atitiriw no bi ni:
- Tokuru anaa nusu a ɛwɔ retina no mu.
- Sɛ́ wowɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ retinal detachment wɔ bere bi a atwam no mu.
- Aniwa oprehyɛn a wɔadi kan ayɛ (sɛ nhwɛso no, aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw oprehyɛn).
- Aniwa mu Ahodwiriw.
- Nyarewa a ɛba aniwa no mu.
- Aniwa mu nyarewa a asikreyare de ba (Diabetes-related retina disease / Diabetic Retinopathy) .
- Tebea horow a ɛma obi ho hyehye no a ɛba aniwa no mu (Eye inflammation / Uveitis ) .
Adeɛ foforɔ ne sɛ ɛtɔ da bi a saa `(Macular Pucker)` yi tumi ba a nteaseɛ biara nni mu a ɛda adi pefee. Wɔfrɛ no `(Idiopathic Macular Pucker)`, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wontumi nhu biribiara a ɛde ba.
So eyi yɛ yare a wɔde kɔ nnipa mu?
Dabi, ɛnte saa koraa. `(Macular Pucker)` nyɛ yareɛ a ɛde ɔyareɛ ba. Worentumi nnye mfi obi foforo hɔ, na saa ara nso na wuntumi nnye mfi obi foforo hɔ.
Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya eyi?
Yɛaka dedaw sɛ onyin yɛ asiane titiriw. Nea ɛka ho no, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya macular pucker no betumi ayɛ kɛse sɛ:
- Sɛ wowɔ ``Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD)``, baabi a vitreous humor ( ade a ɛte sɛ jelly a ɛwɔ w'ani mu) no tetew fi retina no ho. Eyi yɛ ade a ɛtaa ba bere a worenyin no.
- Sɛ woadi kan ayɛ laser eye therapy , anaa aniwa oprehyɛn foforo , te sɛ cataract oprehyɛn a.
- Sɛ woadi kan anya retina tetew anaasɛ detachment .
- Sɛ wowɔ aniwa a ɛyɛ hyew te sɛ uveitis a .
- Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a ɛma w’aniwa yɛ mmerɛw a .
- Sɛ aniwa apira kɛse a .
Nsɛnnennen bɛn na eyi betumi de aba?
`(Macular Pucker)` betumi ama
aniwa bi ayera . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ w’ani betumi ayɛ mmerɛw kakra anaasɛ ayɛ kusuu. Nanso
Hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛkɔ anifurae koraa afi eyi mu no sua koraa. Enti biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho. Nanso sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ w’ani so a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu eyi?
Sɛ wokɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, obedi kan abisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm. Afei, ɔde aniwa mu nsu a ɛtrɛw bɛhyɛ w’ani so na wahwɛ w’ani no mu. Wɔde saa nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam yi di dwuma na ama oduruyɛfo no ahu wo retina ne wo macula pefee. Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔreyɛ?
Bere a woreyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu no, wo duruyɛfo de kanea soronko bi ne ahwehwɛ a ɛma w’ani yɛ kɛse bedi dwuma de ahwɛ w’ani. Nea ɛka ho no, ebia wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow te sɛ eyinom de aboa ma woahu sɛ wowɔ macular pucker anaa:- Amsler Grid Eye Test: Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wɔma wo krataa ketewa bi a ahinanan wɔ so. Ɛwɔ nsensanee a ɛda fam ne nea ɛda fam. Sɛ wohwɛ saa nsensanee yi a, sɛ ɛte sɛ nea wɔatrɛw, ayɛ nsensanee, anaasɛ ahinanan bi nni hɔ a, eyi betumi aboa ma woahu sɛ ebia wowɔ aniwa mu haw bi anaa.
- Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) scan: Eyi yɛ scan a wɔde mfoninitwa afiri soronko bi yɛ. Ɛtwa wo retina ne macula ho mfonini a emu da hɔ yiye, te sɛ keeki a wɔatwa no ntwea so. Ɛte sɛ nea worehwɛ keeki asinasin bi mu. Saa OCT scan yi betumi akyerɛ wo sɛ ebia macula, anaa macular pucker no ayɛ nwininwini, ne sɛnea aka no kɛse.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa? Dɛn na yebetumi ayɛ?
Ɛnyɛ macular puckers nyinaa na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsa yare. Sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu nyɛ den na w’ani nhu ade kɛse a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ hwɛ tebea no kakra . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wobɛba mu akɔyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu daa. Nanso, sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔsa yare a, akwan horow a ɛnyɛ oprehyɛn ne oprehyɛn nyinaa wɔ hɔ. Ayaresa a wɔnyɛ oprehyɛn (ayaresa a wɔmfa nhyɛ nipadua mu) .
Wɔ macular pucker a enhia oprehyɛn ho no, wubetumi ayɛ nea edidi so yi na ama wo da biara da asetra ayɛ mmerɛw:- Ahwehwɛ foforo: Ɛwom sɛ ahwehwɛ ntumi nsiesie aniwa a ɛyɛ basaa a macular pucker de ba no koraa de, nanso aduru foforo a wɔkyerɛw ma wo no betumi aboa ma w’aniwa nyinaa atu mpɔn.
- Kanea pa: Sɛ worekenkan nhoma anaa woreyɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a, sɛ woyɛ saa wɔ baabi a hann wɔ yiye, na wode akenkan akanea di dwuma a, ebetumi aboa ma aniwa a ɛyɛ den no so atew .
- Mfiri a ɛma nneɛma yɛ kɛse:Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛkenkan nkyerɛwee nketewa a, wubetumi de ahwehwɛ a ɛma nneɛma kɛse anaa mfiri foforo adi dwuma.
Oprehyɛn a wɔde sa yare
Sɛ macular pucker ka w’ani so kɛse a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ wo oprehyɛn. Wɔfrɛ saa oprehyɛn yi vitrectomy a woyi ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu .- Eyi yɛ ayaresa a wɔde kɔ ayaresabea , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ enhia sɛ wotra ayaresabea, na wubetumi akɔ fie da koro no ara wɔ oprehyɛn no akyi.
- Nea ɛka oprehyɛn yi ho ne sɛ wobetwitwa aniwa no mu nketenkete paa pii, ayi ade a ɛte sɛ jelly a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no kakraa bi (vitreous humor), na wɔde ahwɛyiye ayi akuru ntini anaa ntini a ayɛ macula no so no afi hɔ. Eyi yɛ oprehyɛn a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye.
Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi oprehyɛn mu aba? So ɛsɛ sɛ misuro?
Sɛnea ɛte wɔ oprehyɛn biara ho no, asiane ahorow bi wɔ vitrectomy mu. Nanso w’aduruyɛfo kuw no bɛyɛ nea wobetumi biara de atew saa asiane ahorow no so. Nsɛnnennen a ebetumi aba no bi ni:- Mogya a ɛretu .
- Nsaneɛ .
- Retina a ɛtetew anaasɛ ɛtwetwe .
- Sɛ wowɔ ani a ɛyɛ wo yaw a, ɛbɛsɛe kɛse.
- Tokuru bi ba macula (macular hole) no mu (eyi ho yɛ na yiye).
- Nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro wɔ aniwa no mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ aniwa no nya atiridiinini .
Nanso kae sɛ hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ eyinom besi no sua koraa, na nnuruyɛfo bɛma woahu eyi ho asɛm yiye. Me ho bɛtɔ me ntɛm dɛn bere a wɔasa me yare awie no?
Sɛ wɔyɛ wo vitrectomy oprehyɛn a, ebia w’ani so bɛyɛ kusuu kakra nna kakraa bi wɔ oprehyɛn no akyi. Ebia w’ani bɛyɛ wo yaw na wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ. Eyi yɛ ade a ɛfata. Worentumi nkɔ adwuma anaa sukuu bɛyɛ adapɛn abien kosi anan wɔ oprehyɛn no akyi. Ɛho hia sɛ wode w’ani gye w’ahome wɔ saa bere yi mu. Ɛnsɛ sɛ woka kar nso ntɛm ara wɔ oprehyɛn no akyi. Ebetumi agye asram abiɛsa ansa na w’ani aniwa atu mpɔn koraa na woanya oprehyɛn no so mfaso nyinaa. Enti nya abotare. So ɔkwan bi wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw eyi ano?
Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, titiriw wɔ idiopathic macular pucker ho no, ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a ɛda adi pefee a wɔbɛfa so asiw ano. Nanso, nneɛma te sɛ aniwa mu yare a efi asikreyare mu a wubesiw ano ( i.e., wo asikreyare a wobɛma woadi so) ne aniwa mu ahodwiriw a wobɛkwati no betumi aboa ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya tebea no so atew. Sɛ mewɔ saa tebea yi mu a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ kwan?
Yɛaka dedaw sɛ `(Macular Pucker)` nsɛm dodow no ara nhia ayaresa titiriw. Nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ara ne sɛ wobɛyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu daa sɛnea nhyehyɛe a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no te. Afei, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahu sɛ nsakrae bi aba w’aniso ne w’ani akwahosan mu anaa. Ebia wobɛnya anisoadehunu mu haw bi ɛnam `(Macular Pucker)` nti, nanso mma ɛnhaw wo sɛ ɛbɛma w'ani afura koraa. Hokwan ahorow no sua koraa. Sɛ mewɔ saa tebea yi a, mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?
Sɛ wuhu sɛ wowɔ macular pucker wie a, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de abɔ w’ani ho ban:- Mma nna a wɔde bɛyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a oduruyɛfo no de ama no nmpa wo ti so.
- Kura akwahosan pa wɔ ne nyinaa mu. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wubedi nnuan a ahoɔden wom na woateɛteɛ w’apɔw mu daa.
- Di aniwa akwahosan ho su pa akyi. Sɛ nhwɛso no, hyɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ owia bere a owia rebɔ no, hohoro wo nsa yiye ansa na wode wo nsa aka w’ani, na sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ aniwa , fa di dwuma dwoodwoo sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kyerɛ no.
- Sɛ wonom sigaret a , bɔ mmɔden sɛ wubegyae. Sigaretnom nyɛ papa mma w’ani. Sɛ wuhia mmoa na woagyae a, bisa oduruyɛfo.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?
Sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara a ɛba mpofirim wɔ w’ani so , sɛ nhwɛso no, w’aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw mpofirim, nwi a wotumi hu no kɛse, anaasɛ nneɛma a ɛsensɛn nsu so te sɛ nsensanee tuntum a ɛda adi a, kɔ w’ani duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara. Sɛ mpofirim ara wote nka sɛ worehwere w’ani so, anaasɛ w’ani te yaw kɛse a, kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu ntɛm ara, anaasɛ wɔ Sri Lanka a, frɛ 1990 Rescue Ambulance Service.
Yiw, eyinom yɛ tebea horow abien a ɛsono emu biara. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no betumi ayɛ nea ɛte saa ara. Macular pucker ne mfe a obi adi a ɛma aniwa no yɛ mmerɛw (AMD) nyinaa yɛ tebea horow a ɛka macula no. Wɔ tebea abien no nyinaa mu no, mpɛn pii no, w’aniwa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri no nka wo, nanso w’aniwa a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no nya nkɛntɛnso. Wɔ AMD mu no, nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ macula no mu no yɛ mmerɛw na sɛe bere a obi nyin no. Wɔ macular pucker mu no, ade bi ba macula no so, na ɛma ɛyɛ nwininwini. Ɛsono ayaresa ahorow no. Enti, so macular pucker ne macular hole yɛ ade koro?
Dabi, wɔyɛ nneɛma abien a ɛsono emu biara. ``Macular pucker`` yɛ ntini a ɛyɛ nwininwini wɔ retina no mu. Nanso tokuru a ɛwɔ macula no mu yɛ ``macular tokuru.``Sɛnea edin no kyerɛ no, ɛkyerɛ sɛ tokuru ketewaa bi wɔ macula no mu ankasa. Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ wowɔ `(Macular Pucker)` a, ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛnya `(Macular Hole)` akyiri yi no yɛ kɛseɛ, nanso ɛnyɛ awerɛhyɛmu. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛwɔ aniwa so a ɛwɔ `(Macular Hole)` mu no taa yɛ den sen nea ɛwɔ `(Macular Pucker)` mu. Afei nso, `(Macular Hole)` taa hwehwɛ oprehyɛn. Nea etwa to no, nneɛma bi a ɛho hia a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma ɛtra yɛn adwenem:
Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu ne dadwen kakra nka bere a wodi kan te sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no `(Macular Pucker)`, na ebetumi aka w'anisoadehu. Nanso kae sɛ, `(Macular Pucker)` tebea dodow no ara nhia ayaresa titiriw. Wo duruyɛfo no ne wo bɛkasa afa akwan horow a wubetumi afa so ho na waboa wo ma woasi nea edi hɔ a eye sen biara ma wo ho gyinae. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu daa. W’ani duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’ani. Mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wobɛma wo duruyɛfo ahu nsakrae biara a ɛbɛba w’ani so, nketewa mpo. Saa kwan no so no, sɛ biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ a, wubetumi ama wɔasa no ntɛm. Enti, mewɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi bɛboa wo. Hwɛ w’ani so yiye!
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