So wo ba a wɔawo no foforo no wɔ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu? (Anemia in Newborns) Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm!

So wo ba ketewa no te sɛ nea ne ho ayɛ fitaa kakra? So ɛte sɛ nea ɔyɛ ɔbrɛ kɛse bere a ɔrema aduan no, so ɔbrɛ ntɛmntɛm? Anaasɛ ɛte sɛ nea ɔrehome ntɛmntɛm kakra? Sɛ wohyɛ saa nneɛma yi nsow a, ebia wo ba no benya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘akokoaa a wɔawo no foforo mogya a ɛtɔ’. Don't worry , yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm kɔ akyiri, tiawa koraa. Mebɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu wɔ ɔkwan a wobɛtumi ate aseɛ so.

Dɛn ne mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nkokoaa a wɔawo wɔn foforo mu?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ne bere a mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow a ɛwɔ akokoaa nipadua mu no sua sen sɛnea ɛte daa no. Saa mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yi yɛ nkwammoaa bi a ɛho hia paa. Wɔyɛ adwuma te sɛ lɔre nketewa a ɛde mframa pa kɔ yɛn nipadua mu nyinaa. Enti, sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yi a ɛyɛ lɔre ahorow a ɛde mframa pa kɔ no so tew a, nkwammoaa, ntini, ne akwaa afoforo a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no nnya mframa pa dodow a ɛfata. Eyi betumi aka nkokoaa nkumaa titiriw. Efisɛ wɔrenyin ntɛmntɛm paa na biribiara a ɛwɔ wɔn nipadua mu reyɛ foforo. Enti, oxygen ho hia ma wɔn.

Dɛn na ɛde mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nkokoaa mu?

Ɛnyɛ ade biako pɛ nti na akokoaa a wɔawo no foforo betumi anya mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu, na mmom nneɛma pii nso betumi ama no. Momma yɛnhwɛ wɔn mmiako mmiako, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi ate eyi ase yiye.

1. Akokoaa no nipadua ntumi nnya mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛdɔɔso.

Nkokoaa pii nya mogya mmoroso, anaasɛ mogya dodow a ɛba fam, wɔ wɔn nkwa nna mu asram kakraa a edi kan no mu. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, wɔfrɛ eyi ‘physiologic anemia’ . Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho, eyi yɛ ade a ɛfata wɔ nsɛm dodow no ara mu. Fa no sɛ akokoaa nipadua te sɛ afifide ketewaa bi a enyin ntɛmntɛm paa. Egye bere kakra ansa na akokoaa no nipadua no atumi ayɛ aduannuru a afifide no hia, a ɛne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, wɔ saa ahoɔhare no mu. Eyi te sɛ bere a adan mu nneɛma bi aka akyi kakra wɔ ofie foforo mu no. Mpɛn pii no, eyi yɛ biribi a ɛno ankasa siesie bere a akokoaa no adi asram abien kosi abiɛsa no. Eyi nhia ayaresa titiriw.

2. Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛpaapae ntɛmntɛm sen sɛnea ɛte wɔ nipadua no mu

Eyi yɛ ade titiriw foforo a ɛde mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nkokoaa mu ba. Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ nipadua no ma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, nanso ɛpaapae ntɛmntɛm na ɛsɛe ansa na wɔatumi de adi dwuma sɛnea ɛsɛ.

• Mogya a ɛna ne akokoaa ntam nhyia: Eyi ne ade titiriw a ɛma eyi ba. Saa ɔhaw yi betumi asɔre titiriw wɔ nsɛm a ɛna no mogya yɛ Rh negative na akokoaa no mogya yɛ Rh positive, anaasɛ sɛ ABO mogya ahorow no nhyia (e.g. ɛna no yɛ O, akokoaa no yɛ A anaa B). Yɛfrɛ eyi ‘Rh/ABO a ɛne ne ho nhyia’ . Sɛ eyi ba a, nnuru bi a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛba ɛna no nipadua mu no fi ase sɛe akokoaa no mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no. Nkokoaa a wɔte saa taa nya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no jaundice . Afei akokoaa no were ne n’ani fitaa dan kɔla. Eyi te saa efisɛ ‘bilirubin’ pue bere a mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no asɛe no.Ade kɔkɔɔ bi a ɛboaboa ano wɔ nipadua no mu.
• Nyarewa ne awosu mu nyarewa: Ɛntaa mma sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ betumi asɛe ntɛmntɛm wɔ saa kwan yi so esiane ɔyare mmoawa anaa mmoawa bi a wɔde nyarewa ba nti, anaasɛ awosu mu nyarewa ahorow bi a wɔde kɔ awo ntoatoaso ahorow mu nti. Sɛ nhwɛso no, tebea horow te sɛ thalassemia.

3. Mogya a Wɔhwere

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu nso betumi aba esiane mogya a ɛyera fi akokoaa no nipadua mu nti.

• Mogya a wɔfa wɔ NICU: Titiriw sɛ akokoaa no wɔ Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ akokoaa no hia ayaresa soronko a, ɛsɛ sɛ nnuruyɛfo no taa fa mogya de hwɛ sɛnea akokoaa no te. Eyi yɛ yaw kakra. Nanso saa mogya yi ho hia na nnuruyɛfo no agye akokoaa no nkwa na wɔasa no yare yiye. Nanso, sɛ wokɔ so nom mogya kakraa bi a, mogya betumi atɔ akokoaa no kosi sɛ ɛbɛsan akɔ nipadua no mu.
• Mogya a ɛtɔ afoforo: Afei nso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa tebea yi betumi aba esiane mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ akokoaa no nipadua mu, kyerɛ sɛ, mogya a ɛba ne mu , anaasɛ esiane ɔhaw bi a ɛba wɔ mogya a ɛna no ne akokoaa no ntam bere a akokoaa no wɔ awotwaa mu no ho (sɛ nhwɛso no, ɔhaw bi wɔ awotwaa no mu).

4. Awo a ɛba ntɛm

Nkokoaa a wɔawo wɔn ntɛm nso taa nya mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ wɔn mu. Nneɛma pii nti na ɛte saa.

• Mpɛn pii no, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow a ɛba fam kakra wɔ wɔn awo mu.
• Afei nso, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yi nkwa nna yɛ tiaa sen akokoaa a wɔawo no nyinaa. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔsɛe ntɛmntɛm.
• Afei nso, nkokoaa a wɔawo wɔn ntɛm no nnompe mu ntini nnyinii koraa, enti mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔyɛ no ntɛmntɛm nso yɛ brɛoo.

Yɛfrɛ eyi ‘Mogya a Ɛma Nnipa Nnya Ntɛmntɛm’ .

Dɛn ne akokoaa a mogya atɔ no ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Nkokoaa dodow no ara a mogya a ɛtɔ wɔn mu nyɛ den no nkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw biara. Nanso sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu no mu yɛ den kɛse a, hwɛ wo ba no nsu mu hwɛ sɛ ebia nsɛnkyerɛnne yi mu biara:

• Wora a ɛyɛ mmerɛw: Eyi ne sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw no. Akokoaa no anim, n’ano, ne tɛkrɛma, ne nsateaa, ne nan ase, ne titiriw no n’ani mu (bɔ mmɔden hwɛ aniwa no mu) bɛdan kɔla a ɛyɛ mmerɛw mmom sen sɛ ɛbɛyɛ pink.
• Ɔbrɛ: Akokoaa no taa da, n’ani nnye agodie anaa ne nsa ne ne ho a ɔde bɛkeka ne ho, na ebia ɔbrɛ paa.
• Nufusu a ɔnom so tew anaasɛ ɔbrɛ bere a ɔrema nufu: Sɛ wo ba no refe bere a wanom nufusu kakra awie no, anaasɛ ɔreyɛ basabasa anaa ne ho fifiri bere a ɔrema nufu no a, eyi nso betumi ayɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ nipadua no brɛ ntɛmntɛm efisɛ ennya mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso.
• Koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm na ɔhome ntɛmntɛm bere a wagye n’ahome mpo: Sɛ wo ba no rehome na ɔrehome ntɛmntɛm bere a ne ho adwo no na wada mpo a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho nso. Sɛ mframa pa nni nipadua no mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ koma ne ahurututu no yɛ adwumaden kɛse na ama wɔde akɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu.

Kae sɛ, esiane sɛ wo ba no wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nti, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ mogya atɔ no. Nanso sɛ wuhu biribi a ɛte sɛɛ a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu eyi? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .

Ɔkwan biako pɛ a wobɛfa so ahu sɛ wo ba no mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu ne sɛ wobɛyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu . Oduruyɛfo anaa awogyefo no bɛhwɛ akokoaa no mu na sɛ wosusuw sɛ mogya atɔ no a, wɔbɛka sɛ, "Hmm.. momma yɛnfa mogya bi, ɛnte saa?" Mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛremma akokoaa no nte ɛyaw kɛse biara, ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ ketewaa bi kɛkɛ.

Saa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi taa hwehwɛ nneɛma te sɛ:

• Hemoglobin dodow: Hemoglobin ne protein a ɛwɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ mu a ɛde mframa pa kɔ. Wɔhwɛ eyi mu hwɛ sɛ dodow no sua sen sɛnea ɛte daa anaa.
• Hematocrit bo: Eyi kyerɛ akokoaa no mogya dodow nyinaa mu ɔha biara mu nkyem ahe na mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ na ɛyɛ. Sɛ eyi sua dodo a, ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu.
• Reticulocyte dodow: Reticulocytes yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔayɛ no foforo a ennya nnyinii koraa. Wɔn dodow betumi ama woahu mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ foforo dodow a nipadua no reyɛ ne sɛ ebia nnompe mu ntini no reyɛ adwuma yiye anaa.

Oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ nhwehwɛmu yi nyinaa, akokoaa no yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, ne nsɛm afoforo de ahu sɛ ebia mogya a ɛtɔ wo ba no wɔ mogya mu ankasa, sɛ ɛte saa a, sɛnea ɛte, ne nea ebetumi de aba.

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nkokoaa mu? (Ayaresa)

Afei ebia woresusuw sɛ, "Na sɛ eyi to me ba no nso ɛ?" Nha wo ho. Mpɛn pii no, nkokoaa a mogya a ɛtɔ wɔn mu nyɛ den no nhia ayaresa titiriw. Tebea horow te sɛ ‘physiologic anemia’ a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no ankasa bɛsa wɔ nna kakraa bi mu. Oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ akokoaa no so na sɛ ɛho hia a, wayɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu foforo.

Nanso, sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu no mu yɛ den, anaasɛ ɛyɛ den ma akokoaa no a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔsa no yare.

• Mogya a Wɔde Ma: Wɔ nkokoaa a wɔawo wɔn ntɛm paa fam , wɔ nkokoaa a wɔyare paa , anaa nkokoaa a mogya a ɛtɔ wɔn so a ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhome nti no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛho behia sɛ wɔma wɔn mogya . Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wɔde mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a efi obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden mu bɛhyɛ akokoaa no nipadua mu. Eyi betumi ama mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no akɔ soro ntɛmntɛm.
• Nnuru a wɔde yɛ:Wobetumi ama nkokoaa binom nso nnuru a ɛboa wɔn nipadua ma ɛyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wobetumi de dade a wɔde ka ho ama. Iron yɛ aduannuru a ɛho hia a wɔde yɛ hemoglobin. Afei nso, wobetumi de hormone ahorow te sɛ erythropoietin ama sɛ nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no mu. Saa hormone yi kanyan nnompe mu ntini no ma ɛma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no yɛ kɛse.
• Aduandi: Nanso, wɔde adwene si akokoaa biara a mogya atɔ no no aduannuru so titiriw . Efisɛ, sɛ wɔma akokoaa no aduan pa nkutoo a, na nipadua no betumi ayɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ehia no. Sɛ ɔma nufu a, ɛho hia paa nso sɛ ɛna no di nnuan a dade wom, na ahoɔden wom (te sɛ akutu, nam, mpataa, atoko, atoko). Efisɛ akokoaa no nso nya aduannuru fi ɛna no aduan mu.

Wo duruyɛfo nkutoo na obetumi asi ayaresa a eye ma wo ba no ho gyinae, enti di wɔn akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti wɔ nea yɛaka mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo mu ho asɛm nyinaa mu no, nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie w’adwenem. Eyinom ne nkrasɛm a wɔde kɔ fie:

• Sɛ wo ba no ho yɛ kusuu, ɔmpɛ sɛ ɔbɛma nufu, ɛte sɛ nea wabrɛ mpɛn pii, anaasɛ nsakrae ba ne home mu (te sɛ ɔhome ntɛmntɛm anaa ɔhome a ɔhome) a, mfa nyɛ hwee. Kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara. Eyinom betumi ayɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
• Ɛnyɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu nyinaa na ehia sɛ wɔsa yare. Tebea horow bi (titiriw Physiologic Anemia) no ankasa siesie. Enti sɛ oduruyɛfo ka sɛ, "Akokoaa no mogya so atɔ no kakra, nanso biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho."
• Nkokoaa a wɔwo wɔn ntɛm no taa nya mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ wɔn mu. Nnuruyɛfo de wɔn adwene si eyi so titiriw. Hwɛ eyi nso.
• Rh/ABO a ɛne ne ho nhyia no yɛ ade titiriw a ɛde mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ne jaundice ba. Nnuruyɛfo hwɛ eyi so bere a wɔyem no.
• Aduan pa ho hia yiye na ama wɔatumi asiw mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ano na wɔasa. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛnanom a wɔma wɔn nufu nso hwɛ yiye wɔ nea wodi ho.
• Nsuro anaa nyɛ nea wususuw da, tie nea afoforo ka kɛkɛ. Di oduruyɛfo no akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ. Wɔn na wonim nea eye ma wo ba no.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛma w’ani ada wo ba no so. Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ wo ba no suban anaa ne honam ani hwɛbea mu a, hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara. Afei wo ba kumaa no benyin a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden, anigye, na ne ho yɛ fɛ!

` Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo, mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nkokoaa mu, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, hemoglobin, jaundice, awo a ɛba ntɛm