Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛyɛ den mpofirim sɛ wobɛhome, ɛnte saa? Anaasɛ woahu obi a ɔrepere ne menewa pɛn? Eyi yɛ ade a ɛyɛ hu na ɛyɛ hu yiye ankasa. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka saa suffocation no ho asɛm, anaa aduruyɛ mu asɛmfua `(Asphyxiation)`. Sɛ yɛte eyi ase yiye a, yebetumi agye obi nkwa mpo.

Dɛn ne `(Asphyxiation)`? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, `(Asphyxiation)` kyerɛ sɛ wo nipadua nnya oxygen a ɛdɔɔso. Eyi nya ɔhome nhyehyɛe no so nkɛntɛnso kɛse. Ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo a, ebetumi ama obi ayɛ basaa. Wɔ tebea horow a enye koraa mu no, owu mpo betumi aba. Ebinom frɛ no `(asphyxia)`, ebinom frɛ no `(suffocation)`. Wɔn nyinaa kyerɛ ade koro.

Dɛn ne `(Asphyxiation)` ahorow atitiriw?

Ahomegye ahorow ahorow wɔ hɔ. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu atitiriw no.

`(Mfiridwuma mu akisikuru)` - Mfiridwuma mu akisikuru

Eyi ne bere a wuntumi nhome esiane honam fam ade bi anaa nipadua no gyinabea nti. Fa no sɛ obi a ɔrebɔ wo, anaa abofra ketewa bi a agode bi akɔhyɛ wɔn menewa mu, ne nea ɛkeka ho Ɛtɔ da bi a sɛ yɛmfa yɛn gyinabea nkɔ baabi a ɛnteɛ, sɛ nhwɛso no, akokoaa ketewa bi dan ne ho na ontumi nsan na ne hwene ne n’ano kɔhyɛ pillow no mu, ɛno nso hyɛ saa kuw yi mu.

Traumatic asphyxia - ahurututu a akwanhyia bi de ba

Eyi nso yɛ ``mfiri mu akisikuru'' no fã. Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ wo moma so, kyerɛ sɛ, ``thoracic cavity'' a mpampam, ntini, ntini, ne honam ani atwa ho ahyia no, amene esiane tumi kɛse bi (``trauma'') a efi abɔnten ba nti. Fa no sɛ akwanhyia kɛse bi apia wo moma so denneennen. Afei, wɔpia mogya a efi koma no mu kɔ akyi fa ntini no mu kɔ kɔn ne amemene no mu.

Awo akyi akisikuru

Eyi yɛ biribi a ɛfa yɛn nkokoaa nkumaa ho. Saa tebea yi ba bere a akokoaa no nnya mframa pa dodow a ɛho hia bere tiaa bi ansa na wɔrewo, bere a wɔrewo no, anaa ɛno akyi pɛɛ no. Eyi yɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ yiye wɔ ho.

`(Compressive asphyxia)` - a ɛyɛ ahomegyeɛ a ɛnam nhyɛsoɔ nti

Eyi nso yɛ ``mfiri mu akisikuru'' bi. Eyi ba bere a tumi kɛse bi a efi akyi mia wo moma so anaa wo yafunu no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wɔpiapia wo wɔ baabi a nnipa ahyɛ mu ma (susuw kɔnsɛt bi ho hwɛ), anaasɛ obi te wo moma so anaa obu nkotodwe wɔ wo moma so a.

Saa tebea yi taa yɛ dɛn na wɔfrɛ no ``Asphyxiation''?

Eyi abu so kɛse ankasa sen sɛnea ebia wubesusuw. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ United States nkutoo no, nnipa bɛyɛ 19,000 wuwui esiane sɛ wɔmene wɔn mu wɔ afe 2016 mu.

Afei nso, efi afe 2018 kosi afe 2019 no, na ɛyɛ ade titiriw a ɛma mmofra a wonnii mfe biako wuwu wɔ akwanhyia mu. Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ awofo a wɔwɔ mma nkumaa no hwɛ yiye paa wɔ eyi ho.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na Asphyxia ka me nipadua?

Saa tebea yi (Asphyxia) betumi aka wo nipadua wɔ akwan horow so.

Amannɔne nneɛma a wɔasiw ano

Fa no sɛ biribi resiw wo mframa kwan. Afei wo nipadua no boaboa mframa bɔne a wɔfrɛ no carbon dioxide ano. Yɛsan frɛ eyi sɛ hypercapnia. Bere koro no ara mu no, oxygen ntumi nkɔ nipadua no ntini mu (hypoxia).

Afei nipadua no bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛhome bio. Ebetumi ayɛ hu kakra sɛ wubehu. Ebia wubehu nneɛma te sɛ aniwa a ɛreyɛ kɛse, honam ani kɔla a ɛresakra, nsa a ɛkyere wo kɔn, ne ɔfe nkakrankakra.

Wo mogya mmoroso ne wo koma bɔ kɔ soro mpofirim. Wo mogya mu pH so tew. Wo nipadua no ma nkwaadɔm a wɔfrɛ no catecholamines fi nipadua no mu. Saa catecholamines yi yɛ hormone ahorow a ɛho hia wɔ nipadua no ‘ako-anaa-guan ho mmuae’ mu.

Awiei koraa no, wo mogya so tew na wo koma bɔ brɛoo.

Sɛ wɔannyi akisikuru no amfi hɔ wɔ saa bere yi mu, anaasɛ obi ansa no ntɛm a, koma no betumi agyae (koma a ɛtwetwe) wɔ simma anan kosi anum mu. Eyi yɛ asiane kɛse.

Nsu a ɛremene obi

Wɔ bɛyɛ 10% mu no, wo nne nhama gyae adwumayɛ mpofirim bere a nsu no di kan hyɛn wo menewam no. Wɔfrɛ eyi ``laryngospasm.'' Afei wuwu esiane ``asphyxiation,'' ɛwom mpo sɛ nsu nni w'ahurututu mu de.

Wɔ nsɛm 90% a aka no mu no, ntini a ɛwɔ wo nne nhama ntam (`glottis`) no dwo, na ɛma nsu hyɛ w'ahurututu ma.

Wo nipadua no twe nsu pa ntɛmntɛm. Nsuo pa no ma `plasma` a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no yɛ mmerɛw na ɛma `mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ` no sɛe (`hemolysis`).

Nkyene nsu twe nsu fi wo mogya mu kɔ w’ahurututu mu, na ɛma mogya a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no so tew.

Dɛn ne ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ ahodoɔ bi wɔ hɔ a ɛda adi wɔ saa ``Asphyxiation`` tebea yi mu:

• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (dyspnea). Nnipa binom te nka sɛ wɔn menewa.
• Ahome a wɔhome ntɛmntɛm anaasɛ emu dɔ (hyperventilation).
• Nhumu a wɔhwere.
• Ɛwa.
• Nne a ɛyɛ dede anaa nsakrae a ɛba ne nne mu.
• Ɔkasa a wontumi nkasa.
• Anim anaa anofafa kɔla sesa (ebetumi ayɛ kɔkɔɔ, kɔkɔɔ, bruu anaa fitaa).
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛmene anaasɛ ontumi nmene.
• Nkae a ɛyera.
• Nsu a wɔtow anaa nsu a wɔtow gu a wɔmpɛ a wonnim.
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa.
• Ti a ɛyɛ yaw.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde `(Asphyxia)` ba?

Nneɛma pii betumi ama ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa yi aba. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu kakraa bi:

• Anaphylaxis: Eyi yɛ akisikuru a emu yɛ den. Mpɛn pii no, nnuan na ɛde ba. Ɛsan nso tumi de sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den te sɛ ɔfe, akwaa ne anim a ɛhoa (titiriw anofafa) aba.
• Akisikuru: .Eyi yɛ ahurututu mu yare a `enni sabea`. Nneɛma te sɛ mframa a wɔsɛe no, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, afieboa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ne tawa wusiw betumi ama ayɛ kɛse.
• `(Positional asphyxiation)` - Positional asphyxiation: Eyi ne bere a wo nipadua no gyinabea siw wo home kwan. Eyi taa to mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo anaa mmofra nkumaa a wɔn ho nyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛdan wɔn nipadua. Sɛ nhwɛso no, eyi betumi aba sɛ akokoaa bi da n’anim fam na wɔn hwene ne wɔn ano akɔhyɛ mattress no mu na wontumi nsan wɔn ho a.
• Nnuru a ɛma obi home: Eyi ba bere a nnuru bi a wohome no yi mframa pa fi w’ahurututu mu na ɛma mframa pa hyɛ mu ma no. Afei oxygen ntumi nkɔ wo nipadua no afã afoforo. Nnuru te sɛ carbon monoxide, cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, ne nnuru bi a ɛwɔ nneɛma a wɔde siesie fie mu betumi de eyi aba.
• Opioid a wɔde di dwuma boro so: Opioid yɛ nnuru a ɛne ntini mu nkwammoaa yɛ adwuma ma ɛyaw so tew. Sɛ wonom no pii a, wo home betumi abrɛ ase na awiei koraa no agyae.
• Nsu a ɛmene: Eyi yɛ amene a obi de ne ho hyɛ nsu mu , mpɛn pii no nsu mu.
• Ahɔho adeɛ a ɛsiw / akwansideɛ: Ahɔhoɔ adeɛ bi siw mframa kwan no. Eyi betumi aba bere a wɔammene aduan no yiye, anaasɛ bere a ɔfe kɔhyɛ menewam bere a wanom nsa pii akyi (nsã awuduru).
• Strangulation: Mframa kwan a wosiw denam nsa, hama, hama, anaa ade foforo a wɔde kyekyere kɔn ho.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobehu `(Asphyxiation)`?

Saa akisikuru yi yɛ ``aduruyɛ mu ntɛmpɛ`` a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔsa no ntɛm ara . Sɛ wo ne abofra kumaa anaa ɔpanyin bi a ne home yɛ den mpofirim a, bisa wɔn sɛ ``wɔreyɛ ahome.`` Sɛ wɔantumi mmua a, hwehwɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne yi:

• Kɔn no a wobɛkura (eyi ne amansan sɛnkyerɛnne a wɔde kyerɛ sɛ woakɔda).
• Ɔfe nkakrankakra na ɔyɛ mmerɛw.
• Nnyigyei a wɔde bɔ abɛn bere a wɔrehome (`wheezing`).
• Ɔkasa a wontumi nkasa.
• Nhumu a wɔhwere.

Sɛ akokoaa bi rehyia ɔhaw wɔ ne home mu a, hwɛ sɛnea nsakrae bɛba ne suban mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome, osu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, anaasɛ ɔfe brɛoo paa.

So ɛnyɛ hwee sɛ wobɛma obi a ontumi nhome biribi anom?

Dabi, ɛnyɛ papa koraa. Sɛ wode biribi ma obi a ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome a, ebetumi asiw mframa kwan no bio.

Nsɔhwɛ bɛn na wɔde hu `(Asphyxia)`?

Sɛ biribi akɔhyɛ wo mframa kwan mu a, ebia wo duruyɛfo de X-ray anaa ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu bedi dwuma de ahu baabi a asiw no na ayi afi hɔ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa `(Asphyxia)`?

Ayaresa no gyina nea ɛde ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa ba no so. Ayaresa a wobetumi apaw bi ne:

• Koma ne ahurututu mu ahoɔden a wɔsan de ma (CPR): Sɛ wɔde koko mu nhyɛso ma a, ɛboa ma mogya kɔ akwaa a ɛho hia mu kosi sɛ koma no befi ase abɔ bio. Eyi yɛ mmoa a edi kan a ɛho hia yiye.
• Heimlich maneuver: Yafunu mu a wɔde piapia no boa ma woyi nneɛma fi mframa kwan no mu. Eyi so wɔ mfaso titiriw bere a biribi te sɛ aduan akɔhyɛ mframa kwan no mu no.
• Nnuru: Ɛdenam nea ɛde ahome tiaa ba so no, wobetumi de nnuru bi adi dwuma. Sɛ nhwɛso no, aduru a wɔde home ma ayamtu, epinephrine (EpiPen®) a wɔde sa akisikuru, anaa naloxone (Narcan®) a wɔde sa opioid a wɔnom boro so.
• Ano ne ano a wɔde san nya nkwa: Eyi boa ma wɔkanyan ɔhome. Wobetumi ayɛ ama nnipa a nsu atɔ anaasɛ ɛyɛ den ma wɔn sɛ wɔbɛhome bere a wɔanom opioid pii akyi no.
• Oxygen ayaresa: Wɔnam afiri a wɔde home, oxygen akataso, hwene afiri, anaa mframa a wɔde ma so de oxygen kɔ nipadua no mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi asiw `(Asphyxiation)` ano?

Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so asiw saa ahurututu yi ano ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ yiye . Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma obi a ɔwɔ wo mpɔtam hɔ sɛ ɔbɛhome a, frɛ 1990 (Sri Lanka ambulance adwuma a egye ntɛmpɛ) ntɛm ara.

• Sɛ woredidi a, we w’aduan nkakrankakra na nkasa bere a woamene awie nkutoo. Hwɛ wo mma yiye bere a wɔredidi no. Hyɛ wɔn nkuran ma wɔmfa ano nketenkete nnidi na ka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ wɔnkasa kosi sɛ wɔbɛmene wɔn aduan.
• Sɛ wowɔ aduan ho akisikuru a, fa EpiPen kɔ bere nyinaa. Hwɛ nneɛma a wode bɛyɛ aduan no ho nkyerɛwde wɔ biribiara a wudi so.
• Sɛ woreguare wɔ nsu mu a, anyɛ yiye koraa no, wo ne obi foforo biako kɔ. Sɛ wuntumi nguare a, hyɛ atade a wɔde gye nkwa.
• Sɛ wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wobɛnya ayamtu a, fa afiri a wɔde home bɛbɛn wo bere nyinaa.
• Fa mfiri a wɔde hwehwɛ carbon monoxide hyehyɛ wo fie. Ma mfiri a wɔde pɛtro te sɛ nnua anaa gas di dwuma (sɛ nhwɛso no, fononoo, nsu a wɔde yɛ hyew, fononoo) a mfiridwumayɛfo a wɔatete no nhwɛ mu pɛnkoro afe biara.

Sɛ `(Asphyxia)` ba a, dɛn na ɛba?

Sɛ wɔsa nea ɛde ahome tiaa ba no ntɛm ara a, mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ ne ho bɛtɔ no.

Nanso, sɛ wɔansa ahomegye ntɛm a, ebetumi anya nkɛntɛnso a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ anaa daa te sɛ akisikuru, amemene mu opira, anaa owu. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ yɛyɛ ho biribi ntɛm.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Sɛ woanya osuahu a ɛte sɛɛ pɛn, anaasɛ wopɛ sɛ wuhu ho nsɛm pii a, wubetumi abisa wo duruyɛfo nneɛma yi:

• Sɛ obi nhome a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ?
• So menya akwahosan ho nkɛntɛnso bi a ɛbɛtra hɔ akyɛ anaasɛ ɛbɛtra hɔ daa esiane sɛ mintumi nhome nti?
• So mewɔ aduan ho akisikuru? So ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru nkyɛn?
• Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ de bɔ me ho ban fi saa `(asphyxia)` tebea yi ho daakye?

Awiei koraa no, biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae! (Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie)

Asphyxiation yɛ tebea a ɛyɛ hu yiye a wotwa oxygen fi nipadua no mu. Sɛ wo anaa obi a wo ne no wɔ no reda sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow adi sɛ ne menewa a, ebetumi ayɛ hu. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ yɛtra hɔ komm sɛnea yebetumi biara. Hwɛ yiye wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, titiriw sɛ wo nsa abɔ wo kɔn mu a. Frɛ 911 ntɛm ara na di wɔn akwankyerɛ akyi. Dodow a wosa nea ɛde amemene no bae no ntɛm no, dodow no ara na hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wobɛkwati akwahosan ho haw ahorow a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ anaasɛ ɛtra hɔ daa no yɛ kɛse. Wo nimdeɛ ne adeyɛ a wobɛyɛ ntɛm no betumi aboa ma woagye obi nkwa!

` Asphyxiation, oxygen, home, mmoa a edi kan, ntɛmpɛ, ahurututu, amene, nsu a ɛmene, carbon monoxide, CPR, Heimlich maneuver