So wotaa ɔfe anadwo nso? So wote nka sɛ ɔkraman bere a wutu mmirika di akɔneaba, anaasɛ woforo antweri no? Anaasɛ wote nka sɛ wo moma so ayɛ wo yaw, anaasɛ wote nka sɛ wo mu yɛ duru? Eyinom betumi ayɛ ayamtu ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba. Wɔ nnipa pii fam no, ayamtu tebea yi ne nneɛma ahorow a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw . Yɛfrɛ eyi sɛ ‘Allergic Asthma’. Nokwarem no, ayamtu ne akisikuru yɛ nyarewa abien a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ yiye. Enti ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka biribiara ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den so a wubetumi ate ase.
Dɛn ankasa ne ayamtu? Dɛn na ɛkɔ so wɔ nipadua no mu bere a enyin no?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ayamtu yɛ tebea a ɛka ahurututu mu ntini a ɛde mframa kɔ yɛn ahurututu mu no. Sɛ yɛhome a, mframa fa yɛn hwene mu kɔ yɛn hwene mu na ɛfa saa ahurututu mu ntini yi mu kɔ yɛn ahurututu mu. Wɔ obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden mu no, saa ahurututu mu ntini yi abue na enni hwee. Eyi ma yetumi home ntɛm.
Nanso sɛ obi a ɔwɔ ayamtu nya ayamtu ntua esiane biribi a ɛkanyan no nti a, nsakrae atitiriw abiɛsa ba mframa akwan yi mu. Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ nsu paipu.
1. Ntini a atwa mframa kwan no ho ahyia no mu den: Ntini nketewa a atwa mframa kwan yi ho ahyia no mu yɛ den mpofirim. Te sɛ nea obi apia nsu afiri bi. Wɔ nnuruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi ( bronchospasm ) . Eyi ma mframa kwan no yɛ teateaa.
2. Ɔfe a ɛwɔ mframa kwan no mu: Mframa kwan yi mu afasu fi ase hohoro. Saa ɔfe yi ma mframa kwan no yɛ teateaa.
3. Nsõ a ɛba kɛse: Nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ mframa kwan no mu no fi ase yɛ nsu a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ nnam sen sɛnea ɛte daa. Saa nsu a ɛyɛ nwini yi siw mframa kwan no bio.
Sɛ nneɛma abiɛsa yi bom a, mframa kwan no yɛ teateaa paa. Afei ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ mframa bɛkɔ ahurututu no mu na mframa afi ahurututu no mu. Ɛno nti na wote nka sɛ "ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome" na "wohom tiaa."
Dɛn ne ayamtu ho sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw?
Ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ ayamtu na ɔwɔ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne koro bere nyinaa. Nnipa binom ntaa nnya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ afoforo nso betumi anya ɔhaw nketenkete da biara da. Momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw no.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Ɔfe a ɛtaa ba | Ebia ɔfe bɛtaa aba, titiriw anadwo, anɔpatutuutu, anaa bere a wɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ. |
| Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (dyspnea) . | Ɔte nka sɛ ne menewa, ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome. |
| Ahomegye a ɛyɛ hu | ‘Cheese-cheese’ nnyigyei a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wobɛte wɔ menewa anaa moma so bere a worehome no. |
| Koko a ɛyɛ den anaasɛ ɛyaw | Nkate a ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ den anaasɛ emu yɛ duru wɔ koko mu. |
Nsɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete a ɛba ansa na ayamtu aba
Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ansa na ayamtu kɛse bi bɛba no, yɛn nipadua ma yenya kɔkɔbɔ nsɛnkyerɛnne ntɛm. Ɛho hia paa sɛ yehu eyinom.
- Ɔfefe a wɔtaa kɔ , titiriw anadwo.
- Ɛyɛ den kakra sɛ wobɛhome, na wobɛtotɔ piti ntɛmntɛm.
- Ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka kɛse sen sɛnea ɔtaa yɛ, ɔfe, anaa ahurututu a ɛyɛ hu bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ no.
- Atiridii ho sɛnkyerɛnne anaa akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a efi ase (e.g., hwene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ahurututu ).
- Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛda.
Ayaresa a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no a wode bedi dwuma bere a wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ketewaa bi te sɛ eyi ara pɛ no bɛboa kɛse ma woasiw ayamtu a emu yɛ den ano.
Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛkanyan ayamtu?
Obi a ɔwɔ ayamtu mframa kwan no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye. Enti, wɔyɛ wɔn ade ntɛm wɔ nneɛma bi a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho. Yɛfrɛ eyinom "triggers". Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na woadi wo ayamtu no so no, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu nea nneɛma a ɛkanyan wo yi yɛ ma wo na wotwe wo ho fi ho sɛnea wubetumi biara.
| Trigger Ɔfã a Wɔde Ma | Nhwɛso ne nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow |
|---|---|
| Nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew | Mfutuma mu nwansena, pollen, afieboa dander, nsunsu, akɔre, ne nnuan bi. |
| Nyarewa a wɔde nyarewa ba | Nyarewa a efi mmoawa mu te sɛ atiridii ne atiridiinini. |
| Dwumadie | Ɛtaa ba mmofra mu titiriw. (Nanso sɛ wɔsa yare yiye a, ɛnsɛ sɛ wogyae apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ!) |
| Wiem bɔberɛ | Mframa a ɛyɛ nwini, wim nsakrae a ɛba mpofirim. |
| Wusiw ne mframa a wɔsɛe no | Sigaret wusiw, nnua fononoo wusiw, kar mu mframa, mfutuma. |
| Nnuru bi | Nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw te sɛ aspirin ne ibuprofen, ne nnuru bi a esiw mogya mmoroso ano. |
| Nkate a emu yɛ den | Ehu, abufuw, serew anaa osu a ɛboro so. |
Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu no yiye sɛ wowɔ ayamtu?
Sɛ wowɔ ayamtu ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔfata nkyɛn. Oduruyɛfo no bedi kan abisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, sɛ ebia obi wɔ w’abusua mu a ɔwɔ ayamtu, na afei wahwɛ wo. Afei, ebia wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii de akyerɛ sɛ wɔahu yare no.
- Spirometry: Eyi ne sɔhwɛ titiriw no. Wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ home kɔ afiri bi a ɛkyerɛ mframa dodow a w’ahurututu betumi agye ne sɛnea wubetumi ayi afi mu ntɛmntɛm no mu.
- Peak Flow Meter Test: Eyi yɛ afiri ketewaa bi a wɔde nsa di dwuma a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea mframa a wobɛhome afi w’ahurututu mu denam mframa a wobɛbɔ denneennen so.
- Chest X-ray: Wɔyɛ chest X-ray de hwɛ sɛ ebia ayaresa tebea afoforo wɔ hɔ anaa.
- Nhwehwɛmu a Wɔyɛ wɔ Allergy Ho: Wobetumi ayɛ honam ani nhwehwɛmu anaa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu de ahu sɛ ebia wowɔ allergy ne nea ɛyɛ anaa.
Ayaresa bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔde siw ayamtu ano?
Ɛwom sɛ wontumi nsa ayamtu koraa de, nanso sɛ wɔde ayaresa a ɛfata di dwuma a, wubetumi adi so yiye na wubetumi atra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ a ɔhaw biara nni ho. Afã atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ ayamtu ayaresa mu: nnuru a ɛma obi ho tɔ no ntɛmntɛm (Relievers) ne nnuru a wɔde siw ano bere tenten (Preventers). Wɔtaa de eyinom ma sɛ ade a wɔde home.
1. Nnuru a Wɔde Ma Ntɛmntɛm (Reliever Inhalers) .
Yɛfrɛ saa nnuru a ɛma ahurututu mu trɛw yi . Sɛ wohome saa afiri a wode home yi a, ɛma ntini a ɛwɔ wo mframa kwan mu no dwo ntɛmntɛm, na ɛma wo mframa kwan no bue.
- Fa di dwuma: Nya ahotɔ bere a ayamtu ho sɛnkyerɛnne (ɔfe, ahurututu) afi ase ara pɛ.
- Nea ɛho hia: Fa eyi di dwuma bere a ɛho hia nkutoo . Sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wode saa afiri a wɔde home yi di dwuma mpɛn pii a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wontumi nni wo ayamtu no so yiye. Sɛ ɛba saa a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn.
2. Nnuru a wɔde siw ano bere tenten (Preventer Inhalers) .
Eyinom ne nnuru a ɛho hia sen biara a wɔde siw ayamtu ano. Wɔfrɛ eyinom Anti-inflammatorys (mpɛn pii no Inhaled Corticosteroids).
- Sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma: Nnuru yi brɛ mframa kwan no mu ahonhon ne nsu a ɛba mframa mu no ase, na ɛma ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛnyɛ nea ɛkanyan no ho biribi.
- Sɛnea wode bedi dwuma: Ɛsɛ sɛ wode saa afiri a wɔde home yi di dwuma da biara, sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kyerɛ no, mpɛn dodow a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no. Ɛsɛ sɛ wode di dwuma nna a wunnyare mpo . Eyi bɛboa ma wo ayamtu no ansɛe.
3. Ayaresa afoforo
Wɔma nnipa binom nnuru a wɔde home (Leukotriene Modifiers - e.g. Singulair) anaa nnuru titiriw (Immunomodulators - e.g. Xolair) de ka nnuru a wɔde home ho. Oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ wo mu no na osi eyi nyinaa ho gyinae.
Nea ɛho hia yiye: Sua ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so de afiri a wɔde home a wo duruyɛfo de ama wo no bedi dwuma. Sɛ wode di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so a, aduru no renkɔ w’ahurututu mu yiye.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Akisikuru yɛ yare a sɛ wodi so yiye a, ɛnhaw asetra a ɛfata. Nsuro.
- Hu nneɛma a ɛkanyan wo na twe wo ho fi ho sɛnea wubetumi biara.
- Fa "Preventer" (bere tenten control) inhaler a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no di dwuma da biara, mpo wɔ nna a wunni sɛnkyerɛnne biara.
- Bere nyinaa fa "reliever" inhaler bi ka wo ho.
- Sɛ wo ayamtu ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den, ɛsɛ sɛ wode wo Reliever inhaler no di dwuma mpɛn pii, anaasɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa biara fa w’ayaresa ho a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.
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